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1Beyond first-line chemotherapy for advanced pancreatic cancer:An expanding array of therapeutic options?显示文摘While an increasing number of therapeutic options are now available for the first-line treatment of locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer,the optimal choice for treatment in the second-line setting and beyond is less well defined.A variety of cytotoxic agents,either alone or in combination,have been evaluated,although primarily in the context of small single-arm or retrospective studies.Most regimens have been associated with median progression-free survival rates in the range of 2-4 mo and overall survival rates between 4-8mo,highlighting the very poor prognosis of patients who are candidates for such treatment.Targeted therapies studied in this chemotherapy-refractory setting,meanwhile,have produced even worse efficacy results.In the current article,we review the clinical evidence for treatment of refractory disease,primarily in patients who have progressed on front-line gemcitabine-based chemotherapy.In the process,we highlight the limitations of the available data to date as well as some of the challenges in designing appropriate clinical trials in this salvage setting,including how to select an appropriate control arm given the absence of a wellestablished reference standard,and the importance of incorporating predictive biomarkers and quality of life measures whenever possible into study design.Evan J Walker Andrew H Ko 2014World Journal of Gastroenterology2014,20,9:2
2Oxaliplatin plus irinotecan vs irinotecan as second-line treatment in pancreatic cancer patients:a randomized–controlled open-label Phase II study显示文摘Background:Limited second-line therapeutic options are available for metastasis pancreatic cancer(mPC).We aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of oxaliplatin plus irinotecan(IROX)in mPC patients.Methods:This is an open-label,Phase 2,randomized study of mPC patients(aged 18–75 years)who failed when using gemcitabine plus S-1 as first-line therapy.Block randomization with a block size of four was used to randomly assign patients(1:1)between October 2015 and December 2017 to receive either IROX(oxaliplatin 85mg/m2 and irinotecan 160mg/m2)or irinotecan monotherapy(irinotecan 180mg/m^(2))until disease progression,unacceptable adverse events,or consent withdrawal.The primary end point was overall survival,and the secondary end points were progression-free survival,overall response rate,and adverse event rate.Results:A total of 74 patients were enrolled in this study,including 44 males and 30 females,with an average age of 61 years.The median overall survival was 10.2 and 6.7 months(adjusted hazard ratio[HR],0.7;95%confidence interval[CI],0.4–1.2;P=0.20)and the median progression-free survival was 5.1 and 2.3 months(adjusted HR,0.4;95%CI,0.2–0.6;P<0.01)in the IROX group and irinotecan group,respectively.The overall response rates were 18.4%(7/38)in the IROX group and 5.5%(2/36)in the irinotecan group(P=0.06).Grade 3–4 adverse events occurred in 34%(13/38)of patients in the IROX group and 19%(7/36)of patients in the irinotecan group(P=0.15).Conclusions:IROX had no significant survival benefit over irinotecan monotherapy in our study.However,IROX reduced the risk of disease progression by 60%,with acceptable toxicity.Hangyu Zhang Zhou Tong Lulu Liu Qihan Fu Xudong Zhu Xiaomeng Dai Xuanwen Bao Weijia Fang Yi Zheng Peng Zhao 2023Gastroenterology Report2023,11,1:0
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