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| 1 | 不同覆盖措施对枸杞根系生长和土壤环境的影响显示文摘耐旱枸杞是西北干旱地区重要的经济作物,为了进一步了解不同覆盖时间和覆盖材料对枸杞土壤环境和水分利用的影响,为枸杞抗旱节水栽培与水分高效利用研究提供理论依据,以3年生‘宁杞1号’为试验材料,研究了秸秆和地膜在春季和秋季进行覆盖后,枸杞根系生理特性和分布、土壤储水量和温度等根系和土壤环境的变化规律。结果表明:地膜和秸秆覆盖都可以提高土壤储水量,秋季覆盖更有利于冬季水分储存,使土壤储水量在早春分别增大到裸地对照的117.1%和114.4%;地膜和秸秆秋季覆盖使土壤平均温度比裸地对照高18.0%和7.1%,春季覆盖使平均温度比裸地对照分别高6.4%和2.3%;不同覆盖处理均可以增大根系比导率年平均值,秋季覆膜比导率变化最显著,达裸地对照的109.95%,春季覆秸秆比导率变化最小,仅为裸地对照的100.3%;覆盖处理在低温季节可以使根系活力升高,而在高温季节可以使根系活力降低;根冠比在秋季和春季覆膜后变化最显著,分别为裸地对照的87.42%和90.35%;表层0~20cm和水平距离40~60cm处,细根分布比例最大的均为秋季覆膜,分别达裸地对照的133.5%和116.7%,细根分布比例最小的均为春季秸秆覆盖。综合分析表明,覆盖模式与植株根系的生长、分布和土壤水分状况密切相关,使土壤环境和根系分布发生变化,更有利于利用土壤浅层和横向较远处的水分和营养物质。 | 胥生荣 张恩和 马瑞丽 王琦 刘青林 王鹤龄 | 2018 | 中国生态农业学报2018，26，12： | 22 |
| 2 | Responses of root growth of Alhagi sparsifolia Shap. (Fabaceae) to different simulated groundwater depths in the southern fringe of the Taklimakan Desert, China显示文摘Alhagi sparsifolia Shap. (Fabaceae) is a spiny, perennial herb. The species grows in the salinized, arid regions in North China. This study investigated the response characteristics of the root growth and the distribution of one-year-old A. sparsifolia seedlings to different groundwater depths in controlled plots. The ecological adaptability of the root systems of A. sparsifolia seedlings was examined using the artificial digging method. Results showed that: (1) A. sparsifolia seedlings adapted to an increase in groundwater depth mainly through increasing the penetration depth and growth rate of vertical roots. The vertical roots grew rapidly when soil moisture content reached 3%-9%, but slowly when soil moisture content was 13%-20%. The vertical roots stopped growing when soil moisture content reached 30% (the critical soil moisture point). (2) The morphological plasticity of roots is an important strategy used by A. sparsifolia seedlings to obtain water and adapt to dry soil conditions. When the groundwater table was shallow, horizontal roots quickly expanded and tillering increased in order to compete for light resources, whereas when the groundwater table was deeper, vertical roots developed quickly to exploit space in the deeper soil layers. (3) The decrease in groundwater depth was probably responsible for the root distribution in the shallow soil layers. Root biomass and surface area both decreased with soil depth. One strategy of A. sparsifolia seedlings in dealing with the increase in groundwater depth is to increase root biomass in the deep soil layers. The relationship between the root growth/distribution of A. sparsifolia and the depth of groundwater table can be used as guidance for harvesting A. sparsifolia biomass and managing water resources for forage grasses. It is also of ecological significance as it reveals how desert plants adapt to arid environments. | FanJiang ZENG Cong SONG HaiFeng GUO Bo LIU WeiCheng LUO DongWei GUI Stefan ARNDT DaLi GUO | 2013 | Journal of Arid Land2013，5，2： | 13 |
| 3 | Root characteristics of Alhagi sparsifolia seedlings in response to water supplement in an arid region,northwestern China显示文摘The effect of variation in water supply on woody seedling growth in arid environments remain poorly known.The subshrub Alhagi sparsifolia Shap.(Leguminosae),distributed in the southern fringe of the Taklimakan Desert,Xinjiang,northwestern China,has evolved deep roots and is exclusively dependent on groundwater,and performs a crucial role for the local ecological safety.In the Cele oasis,we studied the responses of A.sparsifolia seedling roots to water supplement at 10 and 14 weeks under three irrigation treatments(none water supply of 0 m3/m2(NW),middle water supply of 0.1 m3/m2(MW),and high water supply of 0.2 m3/m2(HW)).The results showed that the variations of soil water content(SWC) significantly influenced the root growth of A.sparsifolia seedlings.The leaf area,basal diameter and crown diameter were significantly higher in the HW treatment than in the other treatments.The biomass,root surface area(RSA),root depth and relative growth rate(RGR) of A.sparsifolia roots were all significantly higher in the NW treatment than in the HW and MW treatments at 10 weeks.However,these root parameters were significantly lower in the NW treatment than in the other treatments at 14 weeks.When SWC continued to decline as the experiment went on(until less than 8% gravimetric SWC),the seedlings still showed drought tolerance through morphological and physiological responses,but root growth suffered serious water stress compared to better water supply treatments.According to our study,keeping a minimum gravimetric SWC of 8% might be important for the growth and establishment of A.sparsifolia during the early growth stage.These results will not only enrich our knowledge of the responses of woody seedlings to various water availabilities,but also provide a new insight to successfully establish and manage A.sparsifolia in arid environments,further supporting the sustainable development of oases. | DongWei GUI FanJiang ZENG Zhen LIU Bo ZHANG | 2013 | Journal of Arid Land2013，5，4： | 5 |
| 4 | 不同土壤类型对’红香酥’梨植株生长、光合特性及根系的影响显示文摘为了进一步了解’红香酥’梨在甘肃省河西地区不同土壤类型的适应能力,以4年生’红香酥’梨为试材,研究不同类型土壤(灌淤土、风沙土、沙质壤土)种植对植株生长、光合特性和根系的影响。结果表明:灌淤土有利于’红香酥’梨植株根系生长、茎干增粗、果实膨大,以及叶片后期生长;叶片净光合速率、气孔导度、光合有效辐射均最大,蒸腾速率、胞间CO2浓度、叶面温度均最小,使植株同化作用升高;根系活力显著高于风沙土和沙质壤土,根系相对电导率显著低于其他2种土壤处理,利于植株营养物质的吸收和运输;灌淤土使苗木根系向土壤浅层和更大水平范围生长,有利于提高土壤浅层水分的利用效率。风沙土和沙质壤土更容易使土壤温度升高、根系活力降低,相对电导率升高,从而影响植株同化效率和植株生长。综合分析表明,在河西地区,’红香酥’梨可以通过在灌淤土环境条件下定植,以提高植株同化效率和植株生长势,从而提高果品生产效率。 | 柯大钊 | 2019 | 中国果树2019，0，5： | 5 |
| 5 | Characteristics of mineral elements in shoots of three annual halophytes in a saline desert, Northern Xinjiang显示文摘Halophytes are valuable salt-, alkali-and drought-resistant germplasm resources. However, the characteristics of mineral elements in halophytes have not been investigated as intensively as those in crops. This study attempted to investigate the characteristics of mineral elements for annual halophytes during their growth period to reveal their possible physiological mechanisms of salt resistance. By using three native annual halophytes (Salsola subcrassa, Suaeda acuminate and Petrosimonia sibirica) distributed in the desert in Northern Xinjiang of China, the dynamic changes in the mineral element contents of annual halophytes were analyzed through field sampling and laboratory analyses. The results demonstrated that the annual halophytes were able to absorb water and mineral nutrients selectively. In the interaction between the annual halophytes and saline soil, the adaptability of the annual halophytes was manifested as the accumulation of S, Na and Cl during the growth period and maintenance of water and salt balance in the plant, thus ensuring their selective absorption of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and other mineral nutrients according to their growth demand. By utilizing this property, halophyte planting and mowing (before the wilting and death periods) could bioremediate heavy saline-alkali soil. | Ke ZHANG ChunJian LI ZhongShao LI FuHai ZHANG ZhenYong ZHAO ChangYan TIAN | 2013 | Journal of Arid Land2013，5，2： | 3 |
| 6 | 不同菊芋品种块茎和根系分布特征分析显示文摘为探究不同菊芋品种块茎和根系分布规律,以红白7个菊芋品种为试验材料进行极稀种植,通过半径取样调查研究的方法,分析了不同菊芋品种块茎和根系分布特征。结果表明,不同品种间的块茎数量和根系质量无显著相关性,块茎数量、根系质量与块茎质量均呈正相关;不同品种块茎的区域分布规律不同,菊芋1号和菊芋3号单位面积块茎数量随着距离根系中心半径的增加呈下降的趋势,菊芋2号、菊芋4号、菊芋5号、菊芋6号和菊芋7号品种单位面积块茎数量随着距离根系中心半径的增加呈先下降后上升再下降的趋势;一年拓展距离中心半径均<80cm的品种为菊芋3号、菊芋5号和菊芋6号,一年拓展距离中心半径达100 cm的品种为菊芋1号、菊芋2号、菊芋4号和菊芋7号。菊芋5号单株块茎质量最大,为12980.27 g·株^(-1);菊芋6号块茎分布最集中,为0~40 cm;菊芋4号块茎拓展距离远、块茎数量多,块茎数量达415.67个·株^(-1)。 | 吴利晓 曹少娜 关耀兵 王斐 王克雄 | 2023 | 中国瓜菜2023，36，10： | 0 |
| 7 | 加药防草布覆盖对赣南脐橙土壤生物学性质和根系的影响显示文摘柑橘黄龙病作为一种严重的病害,对柑橘的生长造成了巨大影响。在黄龙病流行区域利用加药防草布防草防虫,有利于柑橘黄龙病的防治,与化学农药防治柑橘木虱相比对环境更为友好。为明确土壤生物学性质及根系生长对加药防草布覆盖的响应过程,以赣南脐橙土壤为研究对象,设置不同加药防草布覆盖处理,开展盆栽试验。通过土壤农化分析、土壤微生物数量检测、土壤酶活性分析及根系扫描等技术手段对土壤理化性质、土壤生物学性质和根系生长进行测定分析。结果表明,随着处理时间的延长,防草布覆盖处理的微生物数量和土壤酶活性较清耕处理更高,但加药处理对微生物数量的提高有所抑制,且加药处理的磷酸酶、蔗糖酶活性总体高于不加药处理;各处理根系活力整体呈先升高后降低再升高的趋势,且加药防草布处理的根系形态总体要好于清耕处理。综上所述,适当浓度的加药防草布处理有利于提高脐橙根系活力,形成良好的根系形态;但加药防草布覆盖对细菌、真菌、放线菌的生长有一定的抑制作用。 | 管冠 张思 郭富鹏 郭等等 霍书怀 | 2023 | 江苏农业科学2023，51，24： | 0 |
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