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| 1 | Spatiotemporal spectrum and momentum flux of the stratospheric gravity waves generated by a typhoon显示文摘The simulation results of Typhoon Matsa (2005) by using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model show that pronounced stratospheric gravity waves (GWs) are generated in the vicinity of the typhoon. Using the model output, we investigate the spatial structures and the temporal variations of the GWs through a three dimensional (3-d) spectral analysis, i.e. the spectrum with respect to two horizontal wavenumbers and frequency. We further derive the momentum flux carried by the GWs. Spectral investigation results show that the power spectral density (PSD) of the GWs exhibits a single-peaked spectrum, which consists primarily of a distinct spectrum at horizontal wavelength of ~1000km, time period of 12-18h, and vertical wavelength of 7-9km. This spectrum is different from the spectra of GWs generated by deep convections disclosed by the previous researches. Both the PSD and momentum flux spectrum are prominent in positive k h portion, which is consistent with the fact that the GWs propagate in the upstream of mean flow. Large momentum flux is found to be associated with the GWs, and the net zonal momentum flux is 0.7845×10 3 Pa at 20km height, which can account for ~26% of the momentum flux that is required in driving the QBO phenomenon. | CHEN Dan CHEN ZeYu Lü DaRen | 2013 | Science China Earth Sciences2013，56，1： | 15 |
| 2 | 平流层大气动力学及其与对流层大气相互作用的研究:进展与问题显示文摘本文综述了近年来关于平流层大气动力学及其与对流层大气相互作用动力过程的研究进展,特别是回顾了近年来关于平流层大气环流和行星波动力学、热带平流层大气波动及其与基本气流相互作用、平流层大气环流变异对对流层环流和气候变异的影响及其动力过程、平流层大气数值模拟以及在全球变暖背景下平流层大气的长期演变趋势预估等的研究进展。最近的研究揭示了大气准定常行星波传播波导的振荡现象、重力波在热带平流层准两年振荡和全球物质输送中的作用、平流层长期的变冷趋势变化、平流层在对流层天气和气候变化中的作用等现象,表明了平流层大气动力学研究的重要性。平流层大气动力学的深入研究,以及对数值模式中平流层模拟性能的提高,最终都会推动整个大气科学和气候变化研究的进一步发展。 | 黄荣辉 陈文 魏科 王林 皇甫静亮 | 2018 | 大气科学2018，42，3： | 13 |
| 3 | 与东北冷涡相伴的高空急流诱发平流层重力波的数值模拟研究显示文摘使用中尺度数值模式WRF-ARW,针对2010年6月发生在中国东北地区一例伴随对流层高空西风急流(位于~9 km高度)演变过程出现的平流层重力波活动特征开展了数值模拟.事件发生期间,对流层区域环流处在一个东北冷涡系统的控制之下.模拟结果再现了该东北冷涡的发展和维持过程,以及与之相伴的高空急流的特征.模拟结果揭示出在急流区域上空的平流层中存在显著重力波活动现象.分析结果显示,重力波活动与急流存在紧密联系,在水平方向上,重力波呈显著的二维结构,出现在急流出口区上部并逆背景流向西传播.功率谱分析结果表明盛行波动具有~700 km水平尺度、9~12 h时间尺度以及4~5 km垂直波长.由于急流的存在,造成其与平流层中下部之间存在显著的水平风速垂直切变,与切变相伴的耗散使得上传的重力波动量通量数值随着高度升高而递减.同时,在18~20 km高度间出现的西风-东风转换带极大地抑制了波动在垂直方向的传播,形成显著动量通量沉积效应.估算结果表明,在11~20 km高度之间,这种效应的整体作用相当于对该层背景流施加强度为0.86 m·s-1·day-1的动力阻曳. | 陈丹 陈泽宇 吕达仁 | 2014 | 地球物理学报2014，57，1： | 10 |
| 4 | 青藏高原上空UTLS区域一次地形重力波过程中的物质上传显示文摘利用美国航空航天局MERRA(Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications)再分析资料和MODIS(Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer)卫星资料以及欧洲气象中心ECMWF-Interim(European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts)再分析资料,分析了发生于青藏高原北侧上空的一次地形重力波事件,并使用中尺度预报模式WRF-ARW.V3.0(Weather Research and Forecasting model,V3.0)对其进行了数值模拟.在此基础上,诊断分析了此次地形重力波在UTLS(Upper Troposphere and Lower Stratosphere)区域造成的物质和能量垂直传输特征.分析结果表明这一中尺度地形重力波信号的水平波长约为600km,与地形扰动水平尺度接近,重力波在对流层中传播的垂直波长约为3km,在垂直方向上随着高度的增加呈现出由东向西倾斜的结构特征.此次地形重力波上传进入平流层并在150hPa附近破碎,波破碎后动量通量在短时间内发生了强烈的衰减,重力波携带的能量在破碎高度附近释放.重力波破碎的同时垂直方向湍流混合变得异常强烈,湍流交换系数可在短时间内增加到背景值的8倍以上,剧烈湍流混合过程导致了对流层上层的空气进入平流层,使下平流层空气出现了位势涡度和臭氧的低值区,在浮力频率的垂直剖面中也可以看到由于地形重力波过程造成的平流层下层浮力频率异常低值区. | 魏栋 田文寿 陈泽宇 张健恺 许平平 黄倩 韩元元 张杰 | 2016 | 地球物理学报2016，59，3： | 7 |
| 5 | 热带平流层多尺度波动分离方案的研究:多站点高分辨率无线电探空联合分析显示文摘利用太平洋地区台风过境期间6个热带气象站的高分辨率无线电探空资料,结合扩展经验正交函数(EEOF)展开,对热带下平流层行星波和重力波扰动进行了分离,给出了一种热带地区提取重力波扰动的新方案。对观测数据做EEOF展开后,选择表征行星尺度波动模态的特征向量和相应权重进行气象要素场的重建。结果显示,在不同的台风过程期间,温度、纬向风和经向风的重建扰动量显示出不同的动力学偏振关系:在准两年振荡(QBO)东风位相时与赤道开尔文波的偏振关系一致,而在准两年振荡西风位相时与混合罗斯贝-重力波(MRG)的偏振关系一致。把行星尺度波动模态从原始观测中剔除,得到新的扰动廓线,对其进行重力波垂直波数谱的谱型拟合。结果发现,与以往方法提取的重力波扰动相比,新方法所得谱型参数中特征垂直波长λ~*在不同时期不同站点变化很小,稳定在1.7 km左右,且低频波数段谱斜率s的数值与理论假设1十分接近。综合其研究结果可以推测,用新方法提取的热带重力波扰动更加符合当前的理论垂直波数谱模型。 | 王丽吉 杨程 | 2018 | 气象学报2018，76，1： | 6 |
| 6 | 子午工程首次火箭探空数据准单色惯性重力波特性分析显示文摘利用2010年6月3日子午工程首次气象火箭探测的温度和风场数据,采用矢端曲线法分别从平流层(20~50 km)和对流层(0~15 km)廓线提取了海南火箭发射场上空准单色惯性重力波参数.火箭探测的平流层和对流层两个准单色惯性重力波分别向上和向下逆风传播,固有周期为20.1h和22.4h,垂直波长为9.5km和4.0 km,水平波长为2900 km和753 km,垂直群速度c_(gz)为0.0887 m·s^(-1)和0.0298 m·s^(-1),水平群速度C_(gh)为12.7 m·s^(-1)和3.65 m·s^(-1),λ_h/λ_z为305:1和188:1,c_(gh)/c_(gz)为143:1和122:1. | 王博 胡雄 肖存英 史东波 韦峰 王欣颖 王连忠 | 2017 | 空间科学学报2017，37，5： | 5 |
| 7 | COSMIC GPS observations of topographic gravity waves in the stratosphere around the Tibetan Plateau显示文摘Temperature profiles provided by the Constellation Observing System for Meteorology,Ionosphere and Climate(COSMIC)global positioning system(GPS)satellite constellation were used to study an eight-year series(2007 to 2015)of gravity wave(GW)potential energy in the stratosphere(18-30 km)around the Tibetan Plateau(TP).We found that with increasing altitude,the GW potential energy(E_p)values in the stratosphere caused by convection decreases.The importance of GWs that are stimulated by topography is enhanced in this area.In the TP,which was considered to lack strong topographical GW activity,clear activity existed in the spring and winter of all studied years.Based on the latitudinal zone of the TP,the distribution of GW potential energy is highly consistent with the elevation of the local topography.The activities of topographical GWs are strongly filtered as they propagate upward to the area of zero speed wind.The analysis indicates that in the TP,clear orographic GW excitation exists and propagates upward to the upper stratosphere,where it is greatly influenced by the wind. | ZENG XuanYun XUE XiangHui DOU XianKang LIANG Chen JIA MingJiao | 2017 | Science China Earth Sciences2017，60，1： | 2 |
| 8 | 卫星观测台风重力波数值模拟与直接对比验证显示文摘以ECMWF的T799资料作为WRF-ARW(V3.5)初始场,对卫星高光谱红外大气垂直探测器AIRS观测的2013年超强台风苏力激发平流层重力波过程进行数值模拟,并利用卫星观测对数值模拟结果进行了直接对比验证.数值模拟表明,该台风诱发的重力波在20~40 km高度逆着东风背景流向东向上传播,在水平方向呈半圆弧状;大气的垂直扰动随着高度的增加而增强,在40km高度上达到0.5m·s^(-1).基于三维傅里叶变换的波谱分析表明,平流层重力波水平波长中心值在500 km附近,周期为3~5 h,垂直波长主要为10~26 km.分析表明,在18~40 km高度的净纬向动量通量为6.7×10^(-4)~1.89×10^(-3)Pa,背景流强迫计算值为-0.23~1.21 m·s^(-1)·d^(-1),且在18 km和40 km高度的数值较大.最后,基于辐射传输模式计算的直接对比表明,卫星观测与数值模拟同时揭示了激发的平流层波动可传至40km以上高度及距台风中心2000km以外的区域,且不同资料得到的波动形态、方位以及水平尺度具有较好的一致性. | 姚志刚 洪军 韩志刚 赵增亮 | 2018 | 空间科学学报2018，38，2： | 1 |
| 9 | 雷暴激发的环状重力波在中高层大气中的传播特征显示文摘本文使用中国科学院国家空间科学中心——子午工程朔州观测站的全天空气辉成像数据,以及FY-2气象卫星云顶亮温数据(Black Body Temperature,TBB),气象再分析数据和地闪数据,研究了2013年8月10日(LT)发生在内蒙古地区的雷暴活动激发的中高层环状重力波(Concentric Gravity Waves,CGWs)事件.根据最小二乘法的拟合结果和色散关系理论曲线,确定了激发中高层环状重力波的强对流系统,该对流中心位于内蒙古自治区中部(108.9°E,40.47°N),重力波激发于雷暴初期,此时TBB低于220K的深对流面积较小,随着时间的推移,该次雷暴活动越来越强,深对流面积在23∶00达到最大,在23∶30—24∶00LT时闪电频数最高,达到120.7fl/min,随后深对流逐渐消散.在中高层87km处OH(羟基)气辉层观测到的一次CGWs事件的两组波纹,分别沿水平方向传播了149.64km和174.25km,相应位置处的水平波长分别为12.67km和16.75km,周期分别为8.56 min和10.72min,激发时间分别为19∶34LT和19∶40LT;随着水平传播距离的增加,CGWs水平波长增大. | 温颖 张其林 徐寄遥 李钦增 郜海阳 | 2019 | 地球物理学报2019，62，4： | 1 |
| 10 | Advances in Researches on the Middle and Upper Atmosphere in 2010—2012显示文摘This article summarizes the researches on the middle and upper atmosphere by Chinese scientists in 2010-2012.The focuses are placed on the advances in construction of ground-based remote sensing facilities,the mean state and long-term changes in the middle atmosphere circulation, the prevailing dynamical processes,and the coupling of the middle atmospheric layers. | CHEN Zeyu CHEN Hongbin LIU Xiao HU Xiong BIAN Jianchu CHEN Wen ZHANG Shaodong XUE Xianghui | 2012 | 空间科学学报2012，32，5： | 0 |
| 11 | Advances in the Researches of the Middle and Upper Atmosphere in China in 2012–2014显示文摘In this report we summarize the research results by Chinese scientists in 2012–2014. The focuses are placed on the researches of the middle and upper atmosphere, specifically the researches related to ground-based observation capability development, dynamical processes, the property of circulation and chemistry-climate coupling of the middle atmospheric layers. | CHEN Zeyu CHEN Hongbin XU Jiyao BIAN Jianchun QIE Xiushu Lü Daren CHEN Wen REN Rongcai ZHANG Shaodong DOU Xiankang LI Tao HU Xiong HU Yongyun TIAN Wenshou | 2014 | 空间科学学报2014，34，5： | 0 |
| 12 | Application of deep learning to estimate stratospheric gravity wave potential energy显示文摘One of the most important dynamic processes in the middle and upper atmosphere,gravity waves(GWs)play a key role in determining global atmospheric circulation.Gravity wave potential energy(GW Ep)is an important parameter that characterizes GW intensity,so it is critical to understand its global distribution.In this paper,a deep learning algorithm(DeepLab V3+)is used to estimate the stratospheric GW Ep.The deep learning model inputs are ERA5 reanalysis datasets and GMTED2010 terrain data.GW Ep averaged over 20−30 km from 60°S−60°N,calculated by COSMIC radio occultation(RO)data,is used as the measured value corresponding to the model output.The results show that(1)this method can effectively estimate the zonal trend of GW Ep.However,the errors between the estimated and measured value of Ep are larger in low-latitude regions than in mid-latitude regions,possibly due to the large number of convolution operations used in the deep learning model.Additionally,the measured Ep has errors associated with interpolation to the grid;this tends to be amplified in low-latitude regions because the GW Ep is larger and the RO data are relatively sparse,affecting the training accuracy.(2)The estimated Ep shows seasonal variations,which are stronger in the winter hemisphere and weaker in the summer hemisphere.(3)The effect of quasi-biennial oscillation(QBO)can be clearly observed in the monthly variation of estimated GW Ep,and its QBO amplitude may be less than that of the measured Ep. | Yue Wu Zheng Sheng XinJie Zuo | 2022 | Earth and Planetary Physics2022，6，1： | 0 |
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