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| 1 | 气候变化对树木凋落物分解的影响研究进展显示文摘全球气候变化已成为世界广泛关注的热点。以气候变暖、大气CO_2浓度升高等为主的各种因子对森林生态系统的影响已有大量研究和报道。树木凋落物作为森林生态系统中主要的物质循环载体,其对气候变化的响应近年来也有不少研究,但对影响的结果和机制仍存有不少争议。另外,目前非常缺乏气候变化对树木凋落物分解影响研究最新进展的综合性报道,即便有一些相关进展报道也比较零散,局限于很小的某一领域。因此,本文结合我们多年来在树木凋落物研究基础上,针对气候变化中最常见的几个问题如气候变暖、干旱、大气CO_2和臭氧浓度升高以及氮沉降等5个方面对树木凋落物质量及其分解的影响,就目前国内外有关研究的最新进展做一综合归纳;同时,也对未来有关研究做了简要的展望,以期为完善我国气候变化背景下森林凋落物研究以及丰富森林生态系统物质循环的有关生态学理论提供借鉴。 | 徐胜 付伟 平琴 何兴元 陈玮 吴娴 苏丽丽 黄彦青 | 2017 | 生态学杂志2017，36，11： | 22 |
| 2 | 植被在大气汞收支中作用的研究进展与展望显示文摘在汞的生物地球化学循环中,对于'源'和'汇'的认识还存在许多不确定性。大气汞收支不平衡的问题使得植被在汞循环中的作用日益凸现;开展植被在大气汞收支中作用的研究有助于为全球汞减排政策的制定提供参考。本文首先概述了植被中汞的来源和影响因素及其与大气汞的源汇关系;进而重点论述了植被参与大气汞收支的主要方式:凋落物沉降、生物质燃烧和植被表面与大气汞的动态交换,并阐述了植被在大气汞污染监测中的应用;最后在总结我国相关研究的基础上展望了未来的发展方向。 | 牛振川 张晓山 陈进生 王森 王章玮 慈志佳 | 2014 | 生态毒理学报2014，9，5： | 5 |
| 3 | Characterization of soil fauna under the influence of mercury atmospheric deposition in Atlantic Forest, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil显示文摘The increasing levels of mercury(Hg) found in the atmosphere arising from anthropogenic sources, have been the object of great concern in the past two decades in industrialized countries. Brazil is the seventh country with the highest rate of mercury in the atmosphere.The major input of Hg to ecosystems is through atmospheric deposition(wet and dry), being transported in the atmosphere over large distances. The forest biomes are of strong importance in the atmosphere/soil cycling of elemental Hg through foliar uptake and subsequent transference to the soil through litter, playing an important role as sink of this element. Soil microarthropods are keys to understanding the soil ecosystem, and for such purpose were characterized by the soil fauna of two Units of Forest Conservation of the state of the Rio de Janeiro, inwhich one of the areas suffer quite interference from petrochemicals and industrial anthropogenic activities and other area almost exempts of these perturbations. The results showed that soil and litter of the Atlantic Forest in Brazil tend to stock high mercury concentrations, which could affect the abundance and richness of soil fauna, endangering its biodiversity and thereby the functioning of ecosystems. | Andressa Cristhy Buch Maria Elizabeth Fernandes Correia Daniel Cabral Teixeira Emmanoel Vieira Silva-Filho | 2015 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2015，27，6： | 3 |
| 4 | 上海市公园绿地常见落叶树木叶片汞浓度时空特征及环境意义显示文摘植物叶片汞浓度与大气气态单质汞(GEM/Hg0)浓度的线性关系表明叶片汞浓度大小可用于指示植物生长区内GEM浓度的高低水平.通过分析上海市绿地公园(25座)中常见落叶树木樱花、水杉、法桐叶片汞浓度的时空变化特征,探究区域内GEM含量水平及分布特征.2017年5—10月对7座公园中这3种树木叶汞浓度进行连续监测,结果显示叶汞浓度与叶片生长时间呈显著线性正相关关系(P<0.01),表明叶片在生长期内不断吸收累积大气汞.而且在生长期内,3种树木叶汞浓度日累积速率(g·kg^(-1)·d^(-1))具有相似的变化趋势,意味着不同树木叶汞的累积对外界环境的响应可能是一致的,除树种差异外.同年11月初,25座公园(包含上述7座)中樱花、水杉、法桐衰老叶片叶汞浓度为(54.2±12,31.8—76.7)μg·kg^(-1)、(42.0±9,23.5—67.9)μg·kg^(-1)、(36.1±11,21.4—60.3)μg·kg^(-1)(平均值,范围),有显著的种间差异(P<0.01),而在中心城区和郊区间无显著差异(P>0.05).空间插值分析结果初步表明衰老叶片叶汞浓度的空间梯度差异不大,且高值区域没有完全重合.这表明了利用衰老叶片叶汞浓度反映区域GEM浓度整体水平空间分布规律存在一定的不确定性,仍需进一步深入研究. | 王奇 王永杰 周立旻 郑祥民 | 2021 | 环境化学2021，40，1： | 1 |
| 5 | Remediation effect of compost on soluble mercury transfer in a crop of Phaseolus vulgaris显示文摘We studied the dynamics of mercury(Hg) transfer in Phaseolus vulgaris plants grown in soil with Hg-doped compost at the maximum levels permitted by Colombian law on organic amendments. Quantitative evaluation of transfer was made in different plant organs: roots,stem, leaves, pods and seeds. Matrix effect was determined in doped soil assays, using soil with and without addition of compost. Results showed that the use of organic matter reduced Hg transfer to the plant and the amount transferred was differentially distributed to the organs. We observed an inverse relationship between concentration and distance from the body to the root. It was evident that transfer was mediated by quantitative factors;the greater the presence of mercury in soil, the larger the amount that will be transferred.Results also indicate the remedial effect of compost and the presence of a barrier, at the root level, against mercury translocation to the plant aerial parts. | Nora E.Restrepo-Sánchez Liliana Acevedo-Betancourth Beatriz Henao-Murillo Carlos Peláez-Jaramillo | 2015 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2015，27，5： | 1 |
| 6 | 乌鲁木齐树木叶片汞浓度时空特征及环境意义显示文摘城市大气环境由于受人为活动影响,具有较高大气汞浓度和时空分布不均一特征。植被叶片虽具有较强富集大气汞的能力,但能否指示城市大气汞时空变化,目前尚有存疑。本文通过连续监测新疆乌鲁木齐市区内6个采样点5种常见树种叶片,在生长季(2019年5~10月)内的汞浓度,分析树叶汞浓度的时空分布变化特征,进而寻找潜在的最优树种叶片,反演乌鲁木齐大气汞污染程度。结果表明,城市内的局地污染能够显著提高叶片汞浓度;树种叶片对大气汞浓度的敏感性存在明显差异(P<0.01);落叶阔叶树的叶汞浓度与叶片生长时间呈显著正相关关系(P<0.01),即叶片在整个生长期不断积累大气汞;而针叶汞浓度一年之内与生长时间无显著关系。考虑到圆冠榆叶片对大气汞浓度敏感性较高且分布范围更广,圆冠榆作为乌鲁木齐城市大气汞的生物监测器较为合适。本研究为研究城市大气汞浓度生物监测提供了典型的案例与借鉴。 | 李鑫 李俭 王训 袁巍 张毓涛 常顺利 | 2022 | 地球与环境2022，50，3： | 0 |
| 7 | The soil displacement measurement of mercury emission flux of the sewage irrigation farmlands in Northern China显示文摘Mercury fate of sewage irrigation in farmlands deserves attention with increasing scarcity of freshwater resources for agriculture in the worldwide.Soil-air total gaseous mercury(TGM)fluxes from four-sewage and one-fresh water irrigated farmlands were determined simultaneously.During maize-wheat rotation,soil-air TGM fluxes showed patterns of both emission and deposition during different growth stages.It enhanced one-order of magnitude emission with increased Hg contamination from historical sewage irrigation.A linear response relationship of TGM fluxes with soil Hg concentration was found,which showed greater TGM emission potential comparing with those from forest and urban soils.However,the ratio of soil-air TGM flux in daytime to nighttime were 3.94 in maize-season and 3.41 in wheat-season,respectively,which were little related to the change in soil Hg concentration.Furthermore,soil temperature and moisture,ambient-air TGM concentration all effected TGM evasion from sewage-irrigated soils.The data presented here suggest that evasion of TGMfromhistorical sewage irrigation farmlands with high Hg concentrations may be potential hotspots for Hg emission in atmosphere,and it was likely to underestimate Hg emissions from farmlands in existing emissions inventory.Additional regionalinvestigations and process-level researches are needed to better understand role of sewage irrigation farmlands in local-global Hg-biogeochemical-cycles. | Yu Gao Zhangwei Wang Chunjie Wang Xiaoshan Zhang | 2019 | Ecosystem Health and Sustainability2019，5，1： | 0 |
| 8 | 小兴安岭天然林不同林分汞含量分布特征与生物质汞库估算显示文摘植被主要通过叶片气孔吸收大气气态单质汞,森林植被是大气汞重要的汇.量化森林生物质汞库对了解全球汞循环至关重要.为揭示森林乔木层(乔木层分为树干、树叶、树枝、树根和树皮)、灌木层、草本层和凋落物层(凋落物层分为未分解层(Oi)、半分解层(Oe)和已分解层(Oa))汞含量和汞库分配,本研究选取黑龙江省凉水自然保护区小兴安岭原始林阔叶红松林、次生原始林云冷杉林和次生原始林白桦林3种原始林开展植物和凋落物汞含量和汞库调查.结果表明,乔木层各组织中汞含量遵循树皮>树叶>树枝>树根>树干的规律,云冷杉林乔木层汞含量总体上高于阔叶红松林及白桦林乔木层汞含量.凋落物中汞含量排序为Oa>Oe>Oi,原始林阔叶红松林凋落物汞含量高于次生原始林白桦林凋落物汞含量,但低于次生原始林云冷杉林凋落物汞含量.进一步估算生物质总汞库发现云冷杉林、阔叶红松林和白桦林分别为212、192和163μg·m^(-2).乔木层地上部分是森林生物质汞库的主体,其树皮汞库占总汞库的37.4%~43.5%,灌木层和草本层仅占总汞库的1%左右.本研究可为进一步评估森林生态系统在大气汞循环中的作用及预测森林火灾发生时生物质燃烧汞释放潜势提供基础数据. | 萨如拉 王章玮 徐泽华 赵庆鹏 张晓山 | 2021 | 环境科学学报2021，41，11： | 0 |
| 9 | 北京城市森林生态系统凋落物汞分布特征及沉降通量显示文摘大气汞沉降是全球性的环境问题,因其可从城市和工业地区进行远距离传输沉降到偏远地区,并通过食物链富集危害到人类和野生动植物的健康。为了揭示城市森林生态系统中凋落物汞分布特征及沉降通量,本研究选取北京市西北至东南对角线上的公园、街道和居民区3种土地利用类型,收集了29个采样点主要绿化树种的凋落物。结果表明,北京市平均叶凋落物汞浓度为(35.98±14.90)ng·g^(−1);在8个主要绿化树种中,白蜡凋落物汞浓度最高(50.14±31.10)ng·g^(−1),油松凋落物汞浓度最低(12.58±8.69)ng·g^(−1),大部分树种之间存在显著性差异;同一树种在不同土地利用类型中没有显著性差异,但所有树种的平均叶凋落物汞浓度呈现从市中心到郊区下降趋势,说明北京城市森林生态系统中的汞分布受到人为活动影响明显。北京市区森林凋落物汞沉降通量范围是(196.29—438.08)mg·(ha·a)^(−1),北京郊区森林凋落物汞沉降通量范围是(105.98—153.52)mg·(ha·a)^(−1),这些结果为进一步深入评估城市森林生态系统在大气汞循环中的作用提供了基础支撑。 | 萨如拉 王章玮 徐泽华 赵庆鹏 张晓山 | 2022 | 环境化学2022，41，7： | 0 |
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