| 1 | Liver-spleen axis: Intersection between immunity, infections and metabolism显示文摘Spleen has been considered a neglected organ so far, even though is strictly linked to liver. The spleen plays an important role in the modulation of the immune system and in the maintenance of peripheral tolerance via the clearance of circulating apoptotic cells, the differentiation and activation of T and B cells and production of antibodies in the white pulp. Moreover, splenic macrophages are able to remove bacteria from the blood and protect from sepsis during systemic infections. We review the spleen function and its assessment in humans starting from the description of spleen diseases, ranging from the congenital asplenia to secondary hyposplenism. From the literature data it is clear that obesity in humans affects different compartments of immune system, even thought there are still few data available on the implicated mechamisms. The intent is to enable clinicians to evaluate the newly recognized role of metabolic and endocrine functions of the spleen with special emphasis to obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in the context of the available literature.Moreover, understanding the spleen function could be important to develop appropriate prevention strategies in order to counteract the pandemia of obesity. In this direction, we suggest spleen longitudinal diameter at ultrasonography, as simple, cheap and largely available tool, be used as new marker for assessing splenic function, in the context of the so-called liver-spleen axis. | Giovanni Tarantino Antonella Scalera Carmine Finelli | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，23： | 13 |
| 2 | 丝氨酸对宫内发育迟缓哺乳仔猪生长性能、肠道形态结构和免疫相关指标的影响显示文摘旨在研究丝氨酸对宫内发育迟缓(IUGR)哺乳仔猪生长性能、肠道形态结构和免疫相关指标的影响。选取16头体重相近((1.27±0.01)kg)、健康的新生仔猪作为对照组,16头体重相近((0.98±0.01)kg)新生IUGR仔猪作为处理组,其中8头IUGR仔猪在第1、4、7、11、15、19、22、26天灌服0.8%3 mL丝氨酸,8头健康仔猪在相同时间灌服3 mL生理盐水,所有仔猪正常哺乳,试验期28 d。其余仔猪在新生第1天屠宰。结果表明:1)新生IUGR仔猪体重显著低于正常仔猪(P<0.05),灌服丝氨酸后,在28日龄时与正常仔猪体重无显著差异(P>0.05);2)新生第1天,IUGR仔猪空肠和回肠绒毛短小且表面不规则,呈絮状,有明显炎症,灌服丝氨酸至第28天后,IUGR仔猪空肠和回肠绒毛排列紧密且表面光滑,明显的炎症反应消失,IUGR仔猪回肠的绒毛高度较对照组显著增加(P<0.05),但IUGR仔猪空肠的绒毛高度和隐窝深度较对照组无明显改善(P>0.05);3)第1天时,IUGR新生仔猪血清中白蛋白(ALB)、免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)和免疫球蛋白M(IgM)含量较对照组无显著差异(P>0.05),总蛋白(TP)含量和谷草转氨酶(AST)活性显著低于对照组(P<0.05),谷丙转氨酶(ALT)活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05),灌服丝氨酸至第28天后,IUGR仔猪血清中ALB含量较对照组显著增加(P<0.05),TP、AST和ALT含量较对照组无显著差异(P>0.05),但灌服丝氨酸不能使IUGR仔猪在第28天时血清中IgA、IgG和IgM含量到达正常仔猪水平;4)第1天时,IUGR仔猪外周血中CD4^(+)T细胞数量有低于对照组的趋势(P=0.77),CD8^(+)T细胞数量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),CD4^(+)与CD8^(+)的比例显著降低(P<0.05),灌服丝氨酸至第28天后,IUGR仔猪外周血中CD4^(+)T细胞和CD8^(+)T细胞数量与对照组相比无显著差异(P<0.05);5)灌服丝氨酸至第28天后,丝氨酸显著增加空肠中白细胞介素10(IL-10)的蛋白表达(P<0.05)。综上可知,外源添加丝氨酸可促进IUGR新生仔猪的生长发育,改善肠道形态结构和提高仔猪免疫功能,从而使IUGR仔猪体重可达正常仔猪水平,本试验结果可为IUGR仔猪的研究和饲养提供一定的参考,也为IUGR仔猪的营养调控提供新思路。 | 周辉 关鹏 王晨昱 侯若鑫 李铁军 印遇龙 何流琴 | 2023 | 畜牧兽医学报2023，54，10： | 0 |
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