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| 1 | 河蚬壳体矿物组成及其对环境的适应性变化显示文摘河蚬是原产于我国和东南亚地区的一种淡水双壳类底栖动物,极强的环境适应能力使其在世界越来越多的淡水环境中成为优势动物种类,为研究生物对环境变化的适应性提供了一个范例。壳体是河蚬适应外部环境的重要器官,长期以来被认为由文石矿物组成。通过对我国黄河下游、淮河流域、长江和西江流域河蚬壳体显微结构观察和矿物成分X射线衍射分析,我们发现文石仅占壳体矿物质平均组成的95.5%,其余为方解石、蒙脱石、高岭石和伊利石等,平均含量各为1%左右。壳体棱柱层和薄片层中文石矿物的含量也存在系统差异,后者高出前者11%左右。河蚬壳体相同部位棱柱层文石含量表现出显著的区域变化特征,淮河和长江流域文石含量较高,分别达到96.1%和97.8%。而汉水和西江流域壳体中文石矿物含量较低,平均分别为94.5%和94.2%。黄河下游和珠江流域的数据较少,但已有数据显示前者文石含量低至92.7%而后者高达98.4%。壳体文石矿物含量的变化与区域气候变化和环境污染之间存在较好的对应关系,是河蚬适应环境变化的结果。本研究结果有助于在全球变化背景下利用生物的适应特点保护陆地水环境的生物多样性。 | 周会 刘丛强 王兵 闫慧 江伟 龚国洪 赵彦龙 丁文慈 | 2011 | 矿物学报2011，31，2： | 4 |
| 2 | A review on bivalve shell, a tool for reconstruction of paleo-climate and paleo-environment显示文摘Environmental information can be extracted from bivalve shell geochemistry. In this review, the latest research progress and the existing problems as well as the focus of future research on stable oxygen and carbon isotopic composition and trace elemental ratios of bivalve shell were investigated. Oxygen isotopic signatures of bivalve shell have been proved precipitate in equilibrium with their host water and used as a robust tool to reconstruct ancient water temperature. In order to reconstruct quantitative paleo-temperature information, the future research on bivalve shell oxygen isotope should combine with the study of ancient water oxygen isotope. Metabolic effect prevents the direct application of stable carbon isotopic composition of bivalve shell from extracting dissolved inorganic carbon information. The contribution of metabolic carbon to bivalve shell is species specific. Stable carbon isotopic composition of dissolved inorganic carbon could be reconstructed if the metabolic contribution could be accounted for. Explore ways to remove contribution of metabolic effects to bivalve shell is the future focus of the research. There is no consensus on the effect of temperature on bivalve trace element ratios, which may be also species specific, each proxy should ideally be validated and calibrated for each species before being used to interpret past climate and environmental conditions. Future research needs to pay attention to the bivalve shell biomineralization process, which controlled bivalve shell trace element ratios. Cultivation experiment is an important way to obtain the relevant conclusions. | YAN Hui CHEN Jie XIAO Jun | 2014 | Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry2014，33，3： | 0 |
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