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| 1 | 不同温度和pH下氨氮对河蚬和霍甫水丝蚓的急性毒性显示文摘水环境中氨氮毒性与pH、温度等环境因子密切相关.采用半静态方法研究不同pH和温度下氨氮对河蚬(Corbicula fluminea)和霍甫水丝蚓(Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri)的急性毒性效应.结果表明:pH对氨氮毒性影响显著,其中NH3+NH4+对河蚬和霍甫水丝蚓的LC50(半致死浓度)随pH的增加而下降,其变化范围为11.78~83.82 mgL,并且这2种水生生物对NH3+NH4+毒性的敏感性差异不大;当温度分别为20、25和30℃时,NH3+NH4+对河蚬的LC50分别为70.86、37.85和19.14 mgL,对霍甫水丝蚓的LC50分别为65.88、42.73和21.21 mgL,20℃时NH3+NH4+对河蚬及霍甫水丝蚓的LC50分别是30℃时的3.70和3.11倍.表明水体pH和温度越高,氨氮的毒性作用越强.通过比较氨氮水生生物基准中的FAV(最终急性值)和试验生物的LC50发现,我国现有的氨氮基准能够很好地保护本土水生物种河蚬和霍甫水丝蚓. | 刘炎 姜东升 李雅洁 张荣飞 李梅 崔益斌 | 2014 | 环境科学研究2014，27，9： | 16 |
| 2 | 氨氮对异育银鲫‘中科3号’幼鱼急性毒性及肝脏抗氧化酶系统的影响显示文摘旨在研究氨氮对异育银鲫‘中科3号’的毒理作用,为生产提供可参考的理论依据。采用水生生物毒性方法,在室内静水条件下,开展氨氮对异育银鲫‘中科3号’幼鱼的急性毒性试验,并检测各组幼鱼肝脏组织中过氧化氢酶(CAT)、总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)和丙二醛(MDA)的变化情况。结果显示:异育银鲫‘中科3号’幼鱼经氨氮胁迫后,其24、48、96 h的总氨氮半致死浓度分别为276.51 mg/L、190.62 mg/L和148.62 mg/L,非离子氨半致死浓度分别为2.52 mg/L、1.74 mg/L、和1.36 mg/L;总氨氮安全浓度为14.87 mg/L,非离子氨安全浓度为0.14 mg/L。在氨氮胁迫下肝脏组织中MDA含量上升,比对照组提高了26.20%、18.68%和17.08%;而CAT和T-SOD活性则均显现先激活后抑制的趋势,高浓度、长时间氨氮胁迫对幼鱼肝脏抗氧化酶活性影响较大,导致机体抗氧化能力的减弱。研究结果表明,异育银鲫‘中科3号’对氨氮的耐受性高于青鱼、草鱼、鲢鱼和鲤鱼等其他常见大宗鱼类,但是氨氮急性胁迫破坏了幼鱼肝脏抗氧化系统,长期处于氨氮胁迫下将不利于幼鱼健康生长。 | 薛凌展 吴素琼 张坤 樊海平 陈斌 田田 林旋 | 2019 | 农学学报2019，9，3： | 12 |
| 3 | Performance of pond–wetland complexes as a preliminary processor of drinking water sources显示文摘Shijiuyang Constructed Wetland(110 hm^2) is a drinking water source treatment wetland with primary structural units of ponds and plant-bed/ditch systems. The wetland can process about 250,000 tonnes of source water in the Xincheng River every day and supplies raw water for Shijiuyang Drinking Water Plant. Daily data for 28 months indicated that the major water quality indexes of source water had been improved by one grade. The percentage increase for dissolved oxygen and the removal rates of ammonia nitrogen, iron and manganese were 73.63%, 38.86%, 35.64%, and 22.14% respectively. The treatment performance weight of ponds and plant-bed/ditch systems was roughly equal but they treated different pollutants preferentially. Most water quality indexes had better treatment efficacy with increasing temperature and inlet concentrations. These results revealed that the pond–wetland complexes exhibited strong buffering capacity for source water quality improvement. The treatment cost of Shijiuyang Drinking Water Plant was reduced by about 30.3%. Regional rainfall significantly determined the external river water levels and adversely deteriorated the inlet water quality, thus suggesting that the 'hidden' diffuse pollution in the multitudinous stream branches as well as their catchments should be the controlling emphases for river source water protection in the future. The combination of pond and plant-bed/ditch systems provides a successful paradigm for drinking water source pretreatment. Three other drinking water source treatment wetlands with ponds and plant-bed/ditch systems are in operation or construction in the stream networks of the Yangtze River Delta and more people will be benefited. | Weidong Wang Jun Zheng Zhongqiong Wang Rongbin Zhang Qinghua Chen Xinfeng Yu Chengqing Yin | 2016 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2016，28，1： | 10 |
| 4 | 氨氮对斑马鱼3种酶活性和基因表达的影响显示文摘目的:从酶活性测定和酶基因表达两方面探讨氨氮对斑马鱼的毒性效应,为快速准确评价氨氮水环境质量提供理论依据。方法:以斑马鱼为受试生物,研究氨氮对其毒性效应,分别在第3d和第14d测定斑马鱼肝脏组织SOD和AChE酶活性变化,进一步运用半定量RT-PCR测定AChE、SOD以及CYP450基因相对转录量。结论:氨氮对斑马鱼96h-LC50为86.36mg·L-1;SOD和AChE酶活性在暴露3d时变化均不显著,暴露14d时前者表现为低浓度促进高浓度抑制的趋势,后者始终处于抑制状态,且具明显的剂量-效应关系;与酶活性测定相比,相应基因(SOD、CYP450和AChE)在转录水平上的变化出现更早,更灵敏,用于氨氮污染检测更具有时效性。 | 周莹 孙梨宗 刘志红 台培东 李玥莹 | 2016 | 沈阳师范大学学报(自然科学版)2016，34，1： | 7 |
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