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| 1 | GIS-based analysis of fault patterns in urban areas: A case study of Irkutsk city, Russia显示文摘The capabilities of GIS in modeling fault patterns are explored for Irkutsk city in East Siberia with implications for ground stability.The neotectonic structure of the area is visualized in three dimension(3D)taking into account fault dips,using the ArcGIS,GlobalMapper and Paradigm Geophysical packages.The study area is divided into blocks of different size classes according to the length-based ranks of the bounding faults,which are of five classes distinguished with the equal interval method.The blocks show different deformation patterns,with different densities and strikes of crossing and bounding faults.The data are statistically processed using GIS to estimate the deformation degrees of blocks in arbitrary units per square kilometer using the attributes of rank and crossing/bounding position of faults and the size of blocks.The deformation degrees are then compared with available estimates of ground stability measured as a score of points corresponding to destabilizing factors.Although the comparison generally confirms some linkage between the deformation degree of blocks and their ground stability,the correlation is intricate and ambiguous.In order to enhance the advantages of GIS in building and analyzing3 D models of fault patterns for estimating ground stability and mitigating geological hazards,it is expected in the future to proceed from the reported initial step of visualization to more advanced analysis. | R.M. Lobatskaya I.P. Strelchenko | 2016 | Geoscience Frontiers2016，7，2： | 2 |
| 2 | Finite-element 3D modeling of stress patterns around a dipping fault显示文摘Stresses in a block around a dipping fracture simulating a damage zone of a fault are reconstructed by finite-element modeling. A fracture corresponding to a fault of different lengths, with its plane dipping at different angles, is assumed to follow a lithological interface and to experience either compression or shear. The stress associated with the destruction shows an asymmetrical pattern with different distances from the highest stress sites to the fault plane in the hanging and foot walls. As the dip angle decreases,the high-stress zone becomes wider in the hanging wall but its width changes negligibly in the foot wall.The length of the simulated fault and the deformation type affect only the magnitude of maximum stress,which remains asymmetrical relative to the fault plane. The Lh/Lfratio, where Lhand Lfare the widths of high-stress zones in the hanging and foot walls of the fault, respectively, is inversely proportional to the fault plane dip. The arithmetic mean of this ratio over different fault lengths in fractures subject to compression changes from 0.29 at a dip of 80°to 1.67 at 30°. In the case of shift displacement, ratios are increasing to 1.2 and 2.94, respectively.Usually they consider vertical fault planes and symmetry in a damage zone of faults. Following that assumption may cause errors in reconstructions of stress and fault patterns in areas of complex structural setting. According geological data, we know the structures are different and asymmetric in hanging and foot walls of fault. Thus, it is important to quantify zones of that asymmetry. The modeling results have to be taken into account in studies of natural faults, especially for practical applications in seismic risk mapping, engineering geology, hydrogeology, and tectonics. | R.M.Lobatskaya I.P.Strelchenko E.S.Dolgikh | 2018 | Geoscience Frontiers2018，9，5： | 1 |
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