|
|
|
题名
|
作者
|
年代
|
出处
|
被引量
|
| 1 | 大穗型杂交粳稻产量构成因素协同特征及穗部性状显示文摘【目的】旨在探讨大穗型杂交粳稻库容构成特征及其穗部性状,探索其群体生产力增长途径。【方法】采用大田试验,以具有代表性的8个大穗型杂交粳稻品种(A18/F7562、A2/F7563、A20/F7501、A5/F9249、A2/F7513、A20/F7503、甬优8号和甬优13号)和2个中等穗型常规粳稻品种(武运粳7号和武粳15)为材料,对大穗型杂交粳稻产量构成特征、群体颖花量、库容量、穗部性状等进行系统的研究。【结果】大穗型杂交粳稻产量、群体颖花量、库容量、穗长、着粒密度、单穗重、每穗一次枝梗数、一次枝梗单枝梗着粒数、每穗一次枝梗总粒数、每穗二次枝梗数、二次枝梗单枝梗着粒数和每穗二次枝梗总粒数显著或极显著高于中等穗型常规粳稻,穗数、结实率、千粒重、一次枝梗结实率和二次枝梗结实率极显著低于中等穗型常规粳稻。随着每穗粒数的增加,大穗型杂交粳稻产量、群体颖花量、库容量和二次枝梗结实率先增后减,穗长、着粒密度、单穗重、每穗一次枝梗数、一次枝梗单枝梗着粒数、每穗一次枝梗总粒数、每穗二次枝梗数、二次枝梗单枝梗着粒数和每穗二次枝梗总粒数不断增加,穗数、结实率、千粒重、一、二次枝梗数比值、一、二次枝梗总粒数比值和一次枝梗结实率不断降低,除产量、库容量和二次枝梗结实率外其它与每穗粒数的相关均达到显著或极显著水平。每穗粒数的提高由中等穗型到偏大穗型,主要依靠一次枝梗的贡献,而由偏大穗型到大穗型以及特大穗型和超大穗型,则主要依靠二次枝梗的贡献。在满足一定穗数和具备稳定的结实率的基础上,提高千粒重,是充分利用大穗型杂交粳稻获取超高产的关键;提高群体颖花量是增加产量的基础,而提高库容量是增加产量的重点,在提高群体颖花量的同时还需兼顾千粒重的稳定。【结论】在本试验条件下,大穗型杂交粳稻每穗粒数250左右时穗粒结构合理,群体颖花量高,库容充实足,产量最理想。随着水稻品种和栽培技术的不断进步,其最适值还将可能更高。 | 龚金龙 胡雅杰 龙厚元 常勇 李杰 张洪程 马荣荣 王晓燕 戴其根 霍中洋 许轲 魏海燕 邓张泽 明庆龙 | 2012 | 中国农业科学2012，45，11： | 41 |
| 2 | 籼粳杂交稻甬优2640钵苗机插超高产群体若干特征探讨显示文摘选用大穗型籼粳杂交稻甬优2640,以国家粮食丰产科技工程实施基地江苏东海、兴化和海安6.4、6.8和7.3 hm2连片超高产攻关方为依托,对籼粳杂交稻钵苗机插超高产群体(13.5 t hm–2左右)和高产群体(12.0 t hm–2左右)系统比较研究,旨在阐明秸秆还田条件下钵苗机插水稻超高产产量构成及其群体特征。结果表明,与高产群体相比,籼粳杂交稻钵苗机插超高产群体表现穗型大、粒数多和群体颖花量高,有效穗数、结实率和千粒重相当;群体茎蘖数生育前期稳步增长,有效分蘖临界叶龄期达适宜穗数,拔节期高峰苗数量少,拔节之后缓慢消减,最终成穗率高;群体叶面积指数有效分蘖临界叶龄期和拔节期较小,孕穗期达最大值(8.5左右),此后平稳减少,成熟期仍保持3.5以上;群体干物质积累量有效分蘖临界叶龄期和拔节期相当,拔节后积累较快,孕穗期、抽穗期和成熟期显著或极显著增高,且生育中、后期干物质积累比例高;群体氮素积累、群体光合势、群体生长率和净同化率表现为'前小,中高,后强'。说明水稻钵苗机插超高产群体生育中、后期具有较强的光合物质生产力和较高的氮素积累量。本文还探讨了秸秆还田条件下水稻钵苗机插超高产栽培关键技术。 | 胡雅杰 朱大伟 钱海军 曹伟伟 邢志鹏 张洪程 周有炎 陈厚存 汪洪洋 戴其根 霍中洋 许轲 魏海燕 郭保卫 | 2014 | 作物学报2014，40，11： | 37 |
| 3 | Comparison of yield traits in rice among three mechanized planting methods in a rice-wheat rotation system显示文摘Understanding the differences in yield traits of rice among pothole seedling of mechanical transplanting(PSMT), carpet seedling of mechanical transplanting(CSMT) and mechanical direct seeding(MDS) is of great importance not only for rice scientists but also for rice farmers to develop a high-yield production system under mechanical conditions in a rice-wheat rotation system. However, such traits are yet to be studied among rice varieties of japonica-indica hybrid rice(JIHR), japonica conventional rice(JCR) and indica hybrid rice(IHR). Field experiments were conducted in 2014 and 2015, where six cultivars of the three rice types JIHR, JCR and IHR were grown individually with PSMT, CSMT and MDS methods, under respective managements for each method to achieve the maximum attainable yield. Results showed that(i) the PSMT significantly increased grain yield of JIHR by 22.0 and 7.1%, of JCR by 15.6 and 3.7% and of IHR by 22.5 and 7.4%, compared to MDS and CSMT on average across the two years, respectively. The highest yield was produced by the combination of JIHR and PSMT;(ii) high yield under PSMT was mainly attributed to large sink capacity and high-efficient dry matter accumulation. With sufficient panicles per hectare, the increase of spikelet number per panicle, especially the increase in spikelet number of the secondary rachis-branches was determined to be the optimal approach for developing a large sink capacity for rice under PSMT. The optimal tillers development, large leaf area index at heading stage, and high leaf area duration, crop growth rate and net assimilation rate during grain-filling phase could be the cause of sufficient dry matter accumulation for rice under PSMT;(iii) moreover, the PSMT favored plant growth as well as enriched the stems plus sheaths during grain-filling phase, as compared with CSMT and MDS. These results suggest that PSMT may be an alternative approach to increasing grain yield in a rice-wheat rotation system in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China. | XING Zhi-peng HU Ya-jie QIAN Hai-jun CAO Wei-wei GUO Bao-wei WEI Hai-yan XU Ke HUO Zhong-yang ZHOU Gui-sheng DAI Qi-gen ZHANG Hong-cheng | 2017 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2017，16，7： | 6 |
| 4 | 不同施氮量与种植密度对水稻穗上不同部位结实特性的影响显示文摘以优质食味水稻品种南粳9108为材料,研究不同施氮量与种植密度下水稻穗上不同部位结实特性的差异。结果表明,施氮量与种植密度对水稻的结实特性有一定的互作效应,低种植密度下,适当增加氮肥可降低水稻籽粒的空粒率和秕粒率。从水稻穗位上看,稻穗一次枝梗的结实特性优于二次枝梗,稻穗不同部位和一、二次枝梗不同部位的结实特性均表现为上部>中部>下部。在相同的一次或二次枝梗上不同粒位的空秕粒率一般以第2粒最高,二次枝梗不同粒位的空秕粒率以第1粒为最低,第2,3粒最高。 | 陈新红 韩正光 张安存 叶玉秀 周青 吕宏飞 | 2014 | 浙江农业学报2014，26，6： | 4 |
| 5 | Higher leaf area through leaf width and lower leaf angle were the primary morphological traits for yield advantage of japonica/indica hybrids显示文摘The yield potential of japonica/indica hybrids(JIH)has been achieved over 13.5 t ha–1 in large-scale rice fields,and some physiological traits for yield advantage of JIH over japonica inbred rice(JI)and indica hybrid rice(IH)were also identified.To date,little attention has been paid to morphological traits for yield advantage of JIH over JI and IH.For this reason,three JIH,three JI,and three IH were field-grown at East China(Ningbo,Zhejiang Province)in 2015 and 2016.Compared with JI and IH,JIH had 14.3 and 20.8%higher grain yield,respectively,attributed to its more spikelets per panicle and relatively high percentage of filled grains.The advantage in spikelets per panicle of JIH over JI and IH was shown in number of grains on the upper,middle,and lower branches.Compared with JI and IH,JIH had higher leaf area through leaf width and lower leaf angle of upper three leaves,higher leaf area index and leaf area per tiller at heading and maturity stages,higher stem weight per tiller and K and Si concentrations of stem at maturity,higher dry matter weight in leaf,stem,and panicle at heading and maturity stages,and higher biomass accumulation after heading and lower biomass translocation from stem during ripening.Leaf width of upper three leaves were correlated positively,while leaf angle of upper three leaves were correlated negatively with biomass accumulation after heading,stem weight per tiller,and per unit length.Our results indicated that the grain yield advantage of JIH was ascribed mainly to the more spikelets per panicle and relatively high percentage of filled grains.Higher leaf area through leaf width and more erect leaves were associated with improved biomass accumulation and stem weighing during ripening,and were the primary morphological traits underlying higher grain yield of JIH. | WEI Huan-he YANG Yu-lin SHAO Xing-yu SHI Tian-yi MENG Tian-yao LU Yu TAO Yuan LI Xin-yue DING En-hao CHEN Ying-long DAI Qi-gen | 2020 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2020，19，2： | 4 |
| 6 | 直立穗型粳稻品种不同穗位子粒充实度研究显示文摘中国北方直立穗型水稻品种具有与国际水稻研究所(IRRI)的新株型稻相似的株型和较高的单产,但与传统弯穗型品种相比,存在子粒充实不良现象。但粒位间子粒充实差异及其改善潜力如何,未有明确结论。为此,比较研究了直、弯两类品种不同穗位子粒的充实差异,并通过自上而下的梯度减库处理来改变源库关系,进而研究直立穗型品种下部弱势粒粒重形成差异。结果表明:整体而言,直立穗品种子粒密度≥1.06的粒数百分比显著低于弯穗品种,并且,直立穗品种的顶端穗位子粒充实度(93.81±4.39)显著高于弯穗品种(85.95±3.06),而下部穗位子粒充实度(62.65±3.23)显著低于弯穗品种(78.68±3.89);直立穗型品种基部一次枝梗子粒千粒重比二次枝梗子粒千粒重重7g,随减库梯度增加,二者均有增加,千粒重差异减少,但二次枝梗子粒千粒重始终极显著低于同一穗位一次枝梗;减库处理能使直立穗型品种基部二次枝梗子粒的胚乳细胞数目增加、分裂速度加快,但是始终达不到顶端一级枝梗的水平。 | 李兴涛 佟晓楠 呼楠 程海涛 曹萍 吕文彦 | 2012 | 沈阳农业大学学报2012，43，4： | 2 |
| 7 | Analysis of Variations in White-Belly and White-Core Rice Kernels Within a Panicle and the Effect of Panicle Type显示文摘This study aims to investigate the variation in occurrence of white-belly rice kernel(WBRK) and white-core rice kernel(WCRK) among different positions within a panicle. Twenty-four M4 mutants involved in four panicle types, namely the compact, intermediate, loose, and chicken foot panicle were used. They derived from a japonica rice cultivar Wuyujing 3. Considerable differences in morphological characters existed among the four types of panicle, especially in panicle length, the secondary branch number and ratio of grain number to total branch length. Marked differences were found in WBRK and WCRK among different positions within a panicle for all types of panicle. In general, grains located on the primary rachis and top rachis branches had higher WBRK and WCRK percentage than those on the secondary rachis and bottom rachis branches. WCRK exhibited larger variation among grain positions than WBRK did. Moreover, there was a significant difference in WCRK/WBRK among grain positions within a panicle, with primary rachis and top rachis branches having higher values than the secondary and bottom rachis. In addition, panicle type showed no significant effect on the pattern of WBRK and WCRK occurrence within a panicle. The results indicated the difference in mechanism of WBRK and WCRK formation in grain position within a panicle, and are valuable for breeding and agronomic practices aimed at lowering chalky grain rate. | ZHANG Xin-cheng Md A.Alim LIN Zhao-miao LIU Zheng-hui LI Gang-hua WANG Qiang-sheng WANG Shao-hua DING Yan-feng | 2014 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2014，13，8： | 0 |
您所在的机构暂未开通此部分的功能，请联系管理员