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| 1 | 元谋干热河谷区退化坡地土壤裂缝形态发育的影响因子显示文摘土壤开裂影响土体内水分散失、溶质运移及土体结构,是元谋干热河谷坡地退化的一个重要过程及特征。该文通过对元谋干热河谷退化坡地典型土壤裂缝样方的实地调查及数据的室内分析,系统分析了土壤理化属性对裂缝发育程度的影响。研究结果表明:1)土壤裂缝发育程度与土壤黏粒含量、土壤胀缩度、土壤容重呈正相关,与土壤有机质含量、土壤总孔隙度呈较弱的负相关;2)土壤裂缝发育程度的首要影响因子是土壤结构性因子(土壤容重、总孔隙度和黏粒含量),其次为土壤胀缩度,然后是土壤有机质。该研究可为进一步研究土壤开裂导致的土地退化过程奠定基础,为制定开裂土体的改良措施提供参考。 | 熊东红 杨丹 李佳佳 苏正安 董一帆 翟娟 | 2013 | 农业工程学报2013，29，1： | 28 |
| 2 | 跌水高度对元谋干热河谷冲沟沟头侵蚀产沙特征的影响初探显示文摘元谋干热河谷冲沟侵蚀强烈,以沟头溯源侵蚀过程为主,陡立沟壁跌坎是活跃沟头的重要形态特征之一。采用野外原位放水冲刷试验,研究了25和50 cm两种不同跌水高度对侵蚀产沙过程的影响。结果表明:2种跌水高度下,(1)径流跌水冲刷力差异显著。跌水势能转化量平均值分别为4.89和9.78 J s-1,跌水剪切力平均值分别为25.9和53.5 Pa,均呈现倍数关系。(2)跌穴发育形态特征及下游侵蚀量差异大。2个小区跌水最大下切深度分别为7.38和7.50 cm,平均下切深度分别为3.87和5.16 cm;沟头沟壁及下游沟床部位侵蚀量累积贡献平均为41%和54%。(3)径流含沙量差异显著(p<0.1)。整个试验中2个小区径流平均含沙量分别为7.51和18.76 g L^(-1),且径流经过沟壁跌坎后,含沙量分别平均增大6.25和25.49 g L^(-1)。初步认为沟壁跌坎高度差异影响径流冲刷力及其侵蚀产沙特征,但仍需进一步开展更多跌坎高度下的相关研究,为干热河谷区冲沟沟头溯源侵蚀动力学机制研究提供补充。 | 张宝军 熊东红 杨丹 张素 校亮 苏正安 董一帆 | 2017 | 土壤学报2017，54，1： | 11 |
| 3 | 元谋干热河谷冲沟不同部位土壤质量评价显示文摘【目的】对元谋干热河谷冲沟侵蚀活跃区土壤质量进行评价。【方法】通过野外调查和室内分析,测定了干热河谷区3条发育相当的典型冲沟土壤理化性质,采取模糊数学方法和多元统计分析方法相结合,分析了冲沟不同部位土壤质量的综合性指标值。【结果】(1)冲沟侵蚀增加了土壤理化性质的分布差异,使土壤紧实化,造成有机质含量显著下降,加剧土壤有效性氮素和磷素损失,导致各土壤养分不同程度的贫瘠化。(2)冲沟侵蚀加剧了土壤退化程度,土壤质量指数(SQI)表现为:沟床(0.406)>集水区(0.357)>沟头(0.289)>沟岸(0.252),其中以沟岸和沟头土壤退化程度最高。(3)冲沟侵蚀引起制约土壤质量的因素由土壤化学性质转变为土壤物理性质,但冲沟土壤质量尚未退化到最低水平,适宜进行生态治理。【结论】冲沟生态治理中应抓住冲沟各部位土壤质量的关键限制性因子因地制宜、综合防治,这对进一步研究该区土壤退化过程及制定冲沟生态治理技术体系具有重要意义。 | 袁勇 熊东红 校亮 吴汉 张素 苏正安 董一帆 | 2018 | 西南农业学报2018，31，10： | 8 |
| 4 | 柴油污染粉质黏土干裂隙的特征显示文摘为了解油品渗漏污染问题对环境岩土工程实践的影响,以0号柴油污染为例,研究油污粉质黏土干裂隙的特征规律。首先将不同含油率(0,4%,8%,12%)的柴油污染粉质黏土泥浆放入玻璃器皿中进行自然晾干,然后采用Photoshop和ArcGIS等软件对不同含油率土样的干裂隙进行数字图像处理,获取裂隙平均宽度、裂隙长度、面裂隙率和分形维数等参数。最后分析不同含油率条件下粉质黏土干裂隙发育规律,探讨柴油对粉质黏土干裂隙形成与发展作用机理。研究结果表明:与未污染土相比,柴油污染土干裂隙发育较缓慢,且含油率越高,发育越慢;裂隙平均宽度和面裂隙率均随含油率增加而逐渐减小;柴油进入土中会抑制较长裂隙的发展,形成较短的干裂隙,裂隙的开裂程度随含油率增大而降低;干裂隙的分形维数随含油率的增加而减小,分形维数越小,裂隙越不发育;土颗粒间的油膜表面张力和柴油高分子油链作用使得粉质黏土的黏聚力增强,抗拉强度增大,干裂隙发育程度低。 | 倪可 蔡奕 魏乾坤 刘志彬 | 2017 | 中南大学学报(自然科学版)2017，48，5： | 6 |
| 5 | 干热河谷区冲沟地貌演化动力机制及其生态治理模式显示文摘冲沟侵蚀是干热河谷区一种重要的土壤侵蚀类型。干热河谷区内冲沟分布范围广、沟壑密度大,冲沟侵蚀对当地居民生活生产和工程建设造成威胁。从干热河谷区冲沟形成的环境背景条件入手,论述了干热河谷区冲沟的地貌演化过程和演化过程中的重要因素,从水力侵蚀过程和重力侵蚀过程进行了梳理,探讨了冲沟发育过程中的动力机制,并对干热河谷冲沟发育区生态治理模式的研究成果进行了分析。 | 杨鸿琨 苏正安 朱大鹏 周涛 何周窈 方海东 史亮涛 | 2019 | 中国水土保持2019，，3： | 5 |
| 6 | 保水剂和氮肥对小粒咖啡生长及水分利用的互作效应显示文摘小粒咖啡生产经常受到季节性干旱和土壤营养不足的制约。为探讨小粒咖啡节水抗旱和水肥资源高效利用模式.采用3个保水剂水平和3个施氮水平.研究了保水剂和氮肥对小粒咖啡苗木生长及水分利用的影响。结果表明:低氮、低保处理可以获得小粒咖啡苗木的最大生长量(株高、茎粗及叶面积)。和对照(无氮处理)相比,低氮可使干物质累积量提高24.10%,而高氮减少干物质累积11.95%。和无保水剂处理相比,低保水剂提高干物质累积11.53%,而高保水剂抑制干物质累积8.65%。此外氮肥和保水剂能不同程度地降低日蒸散量,提高水分利用效率:施氮和保水剂可分别提高小粒咖啡水分利用效率2.72%~35.37%和8.48%~20.24%。小粒咖啡氮素累积量随着施氮量增加先增后降。过高水平保水剂和氮肥都会对小粒咖啡的苗木生长产生明显的抑制作用.而低氮低保处理可同时提高干物质累积和水分利用效率。 | 耿宏焯 刘小刚 钟原 杨启良 施卫省 | 2014 | 热带作物学报2014，35，3： | 4 |
| 7 | Effects of vegetation coverage and seasonal change on soil microbial biomass and community structure in the dry-hot valley region显示文摘Soil microorganisms are sensitive indicator of soil health and quality. Understanding the effects of vegetation biomass and seasonal change on soil microorganisms is vital to evaluate the soil quality and implement vegetation restoration. This study analyzed the soil phospholipid fatty acids(PLFAs) in fresh and withered Kudzu(Pueraria montana var. lobata) vegetation conditions in different seasons. The results showed that vegetation biomass and seasonal change significantly affected microbial biomass and its community structure. Both fresh and withered Kudzu cover significantly increased soil microbial biomass, and the growth effect of microbes in the soil with fresh Kudzu cover was more obvious than that with withered Kudzu cover. Compared with the dry season, the rainy season significantly increased the microbial biomass and the B/F(the ratio of bacterial to fungal PLFAs) ratio but dramatically reduced the G+/G-(the ratio of gram-positive to gram-negative bacteria PLFAs). Kudzu cover and seasonal change had a significant effect on microbial structure in soil covered by higher vegetation biomass. Furthermore, soil temperature and moisture had different correlations with specific microbial biomass in the two seasons. Our findings highlight the effect of Kudzu vine cover on the soil microenvironment and soil microhabitat, enhancing the soil quality in the Dry-hot Valley of Jinsha River, Southwest China. | WU Han XIONG Dong-hong XIAO Liang ZHANG Su YUAN Yong SU Zheng-an ZHANG Bao-jun YANG Dan | 2018 | Journal of Mountain Science2018，15，7： | 3 |
| 8 | Impacts of native vegetation on the hydraulic properties of the concentrated flows in bank gullies显示文摘To quantify the impacts of native vegetation on the spatial and temporal variations in hydraulic properties of bank gully concentrated flows,a series of in situ flume experiments in the bank gully were performed at the Yuanmou Gully Erosion and Collapse Experimental Station in the dry-hot valley region of the Jinsha River,Southwest China.This experiment involved upstream catchment areas withone-and two-year native grass(Heteropogon contortus)and bare land drained to bare gully headcuts,i.e.,Gullies 1,2 and 3.In Gully 4,Heteropogon contortus and Agave sisalana were planted in the upstream catchment area and gully bed,respectively.Among these experiments,the sediment concentration in runoff in Gully 3 was the highest and that in Gully 2 was the lowest,clearly indicating that the sediment concentration in runoff obviously decreased and the deposition of sediment obviously increased as the vegetation cover increased.The concentrated flows were turbulent in response to the flow discharge.The concentrated flows in the gully zones with native grass and bare land were sub-and supercritical,respectively.The flow rate and shear stress in Gully 3 upstream catchment area were highest among the four upstream catchment areas,while the flow rate and shear stress in the gully bed of Gully 4 were lowest among the four gully beds,indicating that native grass notably decreased the bank gully flow rate and shear stress.The Darcy–Weisbach friction factor(resistance f)and flow energy consumption in the gully bed of Gully 4 were notably higher than those in the other three gully beds,clearly indicating that native grass increased the bank gully surface resistance and flow energy consumption.The Reynolds number(Re),flow rate,shear stress,resistance f,and flow energy consumption in the gully beds and upstream areas increased over time,while the sediment concentration in runoff and Froude number(Fr)decreased.Overall,increasing vegetation cover in upstream catchment areas and downstream gully beds of the bank gully is essential for gully erosion mitigation. | SU Zheng-an HE Zhou-yao ZHOU Tao WANG Jun-jie WANG Xiao-yi WANG Li-juan FANG Hai-dong SHI Liang-tao LIU Yi-han WU Zuo | 2021 | Journal of Mountain Science2021，18，4： | 2 |
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