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| 1 | Enantioselective induction of oxidative stress by acetofenate in rat PC12 cells显示文摘In a non-chiral environment,the enantiomers of a racemate possessed the identical physico-chemical properties,but in the biological systems they possessed different activities.Considering that the involvement of oxidative damage has been implicated in the toxicities of various pesticides,this study investigated the possibility of enantioselective oxidative stress and cytotoxicity induction by acetofenate (AF) which contains an asymmetrical center on PC12 cells.The results of the cytotoxicity assay indicated that S-(+)-AF presented more toxic effects than R-(-)-AF and (±)-AF.It also demonstrated that S-(+)-AF possessed the strongest effects in induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production,decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities,and increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) level.These results suggested that AF and its enantiomers could induce enantioselective cytotoxicity in PC12 cells mediated by oxidative stress.Therefore,the assessment in environmental safety and new chiral pesticide development should consider enantioselectivity. | Ling Li Fen Hu Cui Wang Xuedong Wang | 2010 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2010，22，12： | 5 |
| 2 | Mutagenic and cytotoxic potential of Endosulfan and Lambda-cyhalothrin—In vitro study describing individual and combined effects of pesticides显示文摘Excessive use of pesticides poses increased risks to non target species including humans. In the developing countries, lack of proper awareness about the toxic potential of pesticides makes the farmer more vulnerable to pesticide linked toxicities, which could lead to diverse pathological conditions. The toxic potential of a pesticide could be determined by their ability to induce genetic mutations and cytotoxicity. Hence, determination of genetic mutation and cytotoxicity of each pesticide is unavoidable to legislate health and safety appraisal about pesticides. The objective of current investigation was to determine the genotoxic and cytotoxic potential of Endosulfan(EN) and Lambda-cyhalothrin(LC); individually and in combination. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide(MTT) assay was utilized to determine cytotoxicity, while two mutant histidine dependent Salmonella strains(TA98, TA100) were used to determine the mutagenicity of EN and LC.Moreover, mutagenicity assay was conducted with and without S9 to evaluate the effects of metabolic activation on mutagenicity. Even though a dose dependent increase in the number of revertant colonies was detected with EN against both bacterial strains, a highly significant(p < 0.05) increase in the mutagenicity was detected in TA98 with S9. In comparison, data obtained from LC revealed less mutagenic potential than EN. Surprisingly,the non-mutagenic individual-concentrations of EN and LC showed dose dependent mutagenicity when combined. Combination of EN and LC synergistically induced mutagenicity both in TA98 and TA100. MTT assay spotlighted comparable dose dependent cytotoxicity effects of both pesticides. Interestingly, the combination of EN and LC produced increased reversion and cytotoxicity at lower doses as compared to each pesticide, concluding that pesticide exposure even at sub-lethal doses can produce cytotoxicity and genetic mutations, which could lead to carcinogenicity. | Umber Saleem Sohail Ejaz Muhammad Ashraf Muhammad Ovais Omer Imran Iltaf Zainab Batool Riffat Fatima Msbah Afzal | 2014 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2014，26，7： | 3 |
| 3 | 拟除虫菊酯对映体毒性选择性研究进展显示文摘拟除虫菊酯类农药因高效、对哺乳动物低毒、易降解而被广泛使用。其分子结构中存在手性中心,含有多个对映异构体(简称对映体),不同对映体的杀虫活性及生物毒性存在差异。目前对手性污染物的认识相对零散、不系统,对对映体选择性毒理研究还很少。本文综述了拟除虫菊酯对靶标生物、非靶标生物急性毒性及慢性毒性的对映体选择性,重点综述了拟除虫菊酯对映体的慢性毒性,包括神经毒性、内分泌毒性、免疫毒性、发育及行为毒性、遗传毒性及细胞毒性,并对拟除虫菊酯毒性选择性的发展进行了展望。 | 张莹 王芳 颜冬云 秦文秀 | 2012 | 山东农业科学2012，44，4： | 1 |
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