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| 1 | 圆柱基础扰流环冲刷防护实验研究显示文摘马蹄涡对圆柱基础局部冲刷有重要影响.通过模型实验,研究了利用扰流环影响马蹄涡的发展,从而减弱局部冲刷的效果.实验中,扰流环安放在圆柱底部距离沙面不同位置处.实测数据结果表明:在均匀来流作用下,扰流环能不同程度地抑制马蹄涡,减小立柱基础的局部冲刷,效果最佳时泥沙冲刷量能减小40%.这种新的冲刷防护措施简单、实用、适应性强,为桩柱基础的冲刷防护提供了有用的参考依据. | 陈兵 胡涛 苏宗周 | 2014 | 大连理工大学学报2014，54，1： | 12 |
| 2 | Scour countermeasures for cylindrical piers using riprap and combination of collar and riprap显示文摘Various methods are proposed to control scouring around bridge piers. In the present study application of riprap alone and combinations of riprap and collar were examined experimentally for scour control around cylindrical bridge piers. Tests were conducted with seven riprap sizes and with two different sizes of collars. Empirical equations were developed for stable riprap diameter for two cases of piers with and without collar protection. Extent of riprap layer is also presented for these two cases. The results showed that in the range of b/dR≤7.5 (where b is pier diameter and dR is riprap size) using a collar reduced the stable riprap size. It was also concluded that using collar reduced the riprap layer extension in front and sides of the pier. | Amir R. ZARRATI Mohammad R. CHAMANI Abolfazl SHAFAIE Milad LATIFI | 2010 | International Journal of Sediment Research2010，25，3： | 8 |
| 3 | 两种布置方式下的四面六边透水框架周边流场的PIV试验研究显示文摘四面六边透水框架是一种新型的防冲促淤结构,一般是由6根相同的杆件相互搭接而成的透空正四面体.采用平面二维粒子图像测速仪(PIV)对四面六边透水框架'迎流布置'和'背流布置'两种典型布置方式下的框架周边流场分别进行了测量,采用240个瞬时流场计算得到了水流时均和紊动流场特性,并与无框架作用下的流场进行了对比.结果表明,框架的存在对水流产生了较大干扰,水流结构发生明显改变;通过分析典型截面上框架后方的流速、紊动强度、雷诺应力及总切应力垂向分布和减速率,揭示了透水框架的防冲促淤机理,并对比了两种布置形式的减速效果,认为背流布置比迎流布置减速效果更好. | 杨中华 白凤鹏 胡朝阳 | 2014 | 应用基础与工程科学学报2014，22，5： | 8 |
| 4 | 平原河流水沙动力学若干研究进展与工程治理实践显示文摘综述了河海大学在平原河流水沙动力学问题及河道整治技术创新与实践方面的研究成果,包括含植物水流、沙波床面水沙运动、潜流交换、河网交汇流、桥墩防冲、闸下防淤等基础理论、复杂河网水沙运动模拟与多目标水力调控技术,以及上述理论方法在解决长江、淮河、珠江等流域多个大中型复杂河网防洪、排涝、水运、环境等诸多实际问题中的应用,展望了我国平原河流治理今后需重点关注的问题。 | 唐洪武 肖洋 袁赛瑜 赵汗青 | 2015 | 河海大学学报(自然科学版)2015，43，5： | 7 |
| 5 | 四面六边透水框架防护层稳定性试验显示文摘通过破坏性试验和冲淤水槽试验,对四面六边透水框架防护措施的稳定性进行研究.破坏性试验研究防护层破坏发展过程和破坏临界条件下来流摩阻流速与防护层参数之间的关系,冲淤试验研究防护层附近床面的冲淤变化特性.结果表明,防护层的稳定性与其布置形式及参数有关.流线型迎流面有利于框架群稳定.破坏临界条件下,来流摩阻流速与框架群密度呈正相关关系;且随来流水深与框架群厚度比值的增大先增大后趋向定值,分界点比值约为4.相对于实心体边缘的集中淘刷,框架群表现出'冲刷后移'现象,对边缘处的稳定相当有利;框架群内部产生的淤积现象亦增加稳定性,建议将防护对象置于框架群内部淤积区域,以达到更好的防护效果. | 丁兵 刘同宦 雷文韬 李最森 | 2015 | 浙江大学学报(工学版)2015，49，2： | 7 |
| 6 | 桥墩冲刷及其防护技术的研究综述显示文摘桥墩冲刷是在桥梁设计及运行过程中一直以来都在关注和研究的课题。近年来,学者们对于桥墩的冲刷机理、冲刷深度计算及桥墩防护措施的研究取得了很多新的进展。本文分析了近几年国内外学者对桥墩冲刷和防护问题的研究方法,论述了该领域最新的研究成果,指出了冲刷研究中存在的问题与不足,比较了工程防护技术的优缺点,可为后续研究与桥梁工程管理提供技术参考。 | 郭佳欣 拾兵 | 2021 | 海洋湖沼通报2021，，4： | 4 |
| 7 | Clear-water local scouring around three piers in a tandem arrangement显示文摘Experiments of local scouring around three piers were carried out under steady clear-water conditions. We investigated the role of pier spacing and flow rate in scour depth and progression. The scour-hole depth around the upstream pier was the same as that for single piers and independent of pier spacing. The scour behavior of the middle and downstream piers progressed through a synchronous scouring region, a transition region, and a radical deviation region as the fluid velocity increased. The critical velocity from the synchronous scouring region to the transition region for the middle and downstream piers was the same, which linearly increased with pier spacing. The degree of deviation in the radical deviation region for the middle and downstream piers was dependent on the pier spacing. The critical velocity from the transition region to the radical deviation region for the middle pier increased with the pier spacing. When the spacing was larger than 11 times the diameter of a pier, the scour depths of the three-pier configuration were the same as for the single piers, which indicates the limit of inter-pier fluid–structure interaction. Finally, the data from this study are used to derive adjustment factors to predict the local scour depth around three piers. | WANG Hao TANG HongWu XIAO JiangFeng WANG Yao JIANG Sheng | 2016 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2016，59，6： | 3 |
| 8 | 航道整治建筑物及防护结构模拟技术研究显示文摘航道整治建筑物及防护结构的模型试验中,往往采取一些简化方式进行模拟,由此对试验结果的影响目前尚无定论,试验规程也无相应的技术要求指导试验中防护结构物的模拟。基于相似理论提出了整治建筑物及防护结构模型的相似条件与设计方法。在可调密度易成型复合材料研发的基础上,提出了小比尺防护结构的模拟技术。通过水槽试验研究了软体排联接方式与几何相似偏离对软体排模拟的影响。结果表明小比尺的软体排与框架宜采用密度可调、形状可重塑的复合材料进行模拟;D型软体排的压载块与排布系结简化为粘结方式时,对排体的稳定性与变形特征没有影响;混凝土联锁块软体排采用粘结方式对排体的稳定性无影响,对变形相似初期有一定影响,后期无明显影响;在保证压载块质量相似而放弃几何相似时,将影响排体的临界失稳底流速与失稳模式。研究结果可为防护结构的模拟提供技术参考,也为相关试验规程的修订提供技术支撑。 | 曹民雄 马爱兴 胡颖 邓涯 | 2016 | 水利水运工程学报2016，，5： | 3 |
| 9 | 桥墩局部冲刷防护措施研究进展综述显示文摘文章综合评述了桥墩局部冲刷的防护措施及其防护原理,并对这些方法在现场应用中的局限性和困难进行了讨论,最后提出对已有防护措施进一步研究的建议。 | 熊林凡 魏松 | 2021 | 安徽建筑2021，28，11： | 1 |
| 10 | 有机酸侵蚀与水流冲刷耦合作用下水泥净浆的劣化评价显示文摘通过人工配制生物代谢酸侵蚀液,并设置2 m/s的水流速度,从侵蚀深度、氢氧化钙质量损失率、单位表面质量损失三方面进行水泥净浆劣化评价;并通过对比单因素有机酸浸泡侵蚀,研究了水流冲刷对净浆劣化的加速程度.结果表明:耦合作用下的侵蚀深度是单因素作用的2.72倍,耦合作用下的单位表面质量损失是单因素作用的3.77倍;有机酸侵蚀和水流冲刷相互影响与促进,加剧了水泥基材料的劣化;单位表面质量损失充分体现了耦合作用下有机酸侵蚀的化学作用和水流冲刷的物理作用,更适用于耦合作用下水泥基材料的劣化评价. | 殷素红 李榕 胡捷 黄浩良 | 2017 | 华南理工大学学报(自然科学版)2017，45，9： | 1 |
| 11 | Assessment of equilibrium pressure-flow scour depth using jet flow theory显示文摘Most models for predicting pressure-flow scour depth are based on use of the continuity and energy equations.The current study presents a model to predict pressure-flow scour depth using the momentum equation considering the jet flow deflected by the bridge deck.When approaching the bridge deck,the upstream flow acts as a jet flow that deviates toward the bed.Below the bridge deck,a combined jet-flow is created as a result of merging the initial jet-flow and the pressure-flow.The continuity equation is used to determine the thickness of the separation zone and the combined jet-flow angle.Equations are presented to estimate the combined jet-flow velocity and the thickness of the combined jet-flow.The study results reveal that the flow intensity,submergence ratio,and relative separation zone thickness are the principal parameters affecting the pressure-flow scour depth.The equation proposed in this study shows satisfactory accuracy to predict the equilibrium pressure-flow scour depth for a relative opening height of the bridge deck greater than 0.25.For relative opening heights of the bridge deck less than 0.25,insufficient duration of tests is a limitation of the available data to verify the proposed equation. | Mostafa Koushki Mohammad R.Chamani Mohammad N.Moghim | 2023 | International Journal of Sediment Research2023，38，1： | 0 |
| 12 | 复合墩台局部冲刷试验研究显示文摘局部冲刷一直是冲积性河流中墩台失稳和水毁的主要原因,也一直是跨河工程可研与设计中需重点研究的问题。目前研究主要集中在单个墩台方面,对大型跨河工程复合墩台的局部冲刷研究较少。以长江苏通500kV过江电缆工程复合墩台为例,采用正态概化模型研究了复合墩台局部冲刷坑形态、范围及深度,阐明了局部冲刷的影响因素和规律。试验表明:大水深工况有利于复合墩台形成更大的局部冲刷坑,局部冲刷坑的相对长度、相对宽度和相对最大深度均与相对行近流速呈正相关关系。单墩比复合墩台相对冲刷深度要大,复合墩台相对最大冲刷深度与单墩相对最大冲刷深度的比值随相对行近流速增大而增大,范围在0.05~0.20。研究成果可为解决跨江大桥或电缆通道建设中的墩台局部冲刷问题提供参考。 | 李舜 孙丽荣 渠庚 丁兵 黄卫东 | 2022 | 人民长江2022，53，8： | 0 |
| 13 | 基于最小二乘法的框架算法优化显示文摘四面六边透水框架是一项具有减速效果的护岸结构,其减速效果与其结构形式密切相关。本文先简述了四面六边透水框架的减速机理,然后归纳了长细比和架空率对其减速率的影响规律,最后基于最小二乘法拟合曲面方程得到了减速率与长细比和架空率的关系式,并作出了不同减速率,下长细比和架空率的选择列表,结果表明,该算法为四面六边透水框架的尺寸选择和计算提供便利。 | 王钰璞 邱璐瑶 | 2023 | 信息记录材料2023，24，2： | 0 |
| 14 | Experimental investigation on scour topography around high-rise structure foundations显示文摘The current study aims to investigate the characteristics of scour topography around High-Rise Structure Foundations(HRSFs)via physical modeling tests.Clear-water scour tests with a uniform non-cohesive bed are modeled under the action of unidirectional steady flows.Time variations of the erosion and deposition topography are measured.The results show that deposition downstream of the first dune behind the HRSF is not located on the centerline of the wake.The deposition pattern indicates that a long steady wake region exists behind the permeable foundation.The scour depth around an HRSF is much less than that around a monopile because of the structural permeability,which gives rise to the bleed flow and a weakened downflow and horseshoe vortex.Additionally,the asymmetry of the HRSF affects the scour rate but not the final equilibrium scour depth.The average scour slope decreases along the direction of the flow.On the contrary,the scour radial distance increases along the direction of the flow,with the average value changing from 1.36De to 2.35De(where De is the equivalent diameter of the foundation).Furthermore,the scour hole around the HRSF is serrated rather than smooth owing to the presence of multiple piles.Empirical formulae are suggested for estimating the evolution of scour depth and volume.These laboratory experiments provide reference information for relevant numerical modeling studies and can be applied to guide engineering designs in an ocean area. | Yang Xiao Hao Jia Dawei Guan Dongfang Liang Saiyu Yuan Hongwu Tang | 2021 | International Journal of Sediment Research2021，36，3： | 0 |
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