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| 1 | Geohazards Induced by the Lushan Ms7.0 Earthquake in Sichuan Province, Southwest China:Typical Examples, Types and Distributional Characteristics显示文摘Geohazards induced by the Lushan Ms 7.0 earthquake on April 20, 2013 mainly have four types: collapse, landslide, slope debris flow, and sand-soil liquefaction. These geohazards mainly occurred near the epicenter, on steep slopes or below cliffs in high mountain and deep valley areas, and at or near fault ends. They have no obvious relationships to active faults, but their relationships to the weathering degree and structures of rock and rock mass are obvious. Compared with the Wenchuan Ms 8.0 earthquake on May 12, 2008, the Lushan earthquake is relatively little in the impact force and the throwing amount. All of these should be related to the magnitude of this earthquake, not very large but not very little. This character of the Lushan earthquake would make some processes uncompleted so as to bring about some concealed geohazards. Finally, in order to deal with challenges presented by such conceal geohazards, some brief recommendations are put forward. | ZHANG Yongshuang DONG Shuwen HOU Chuntang GUO Changbao YAO Xin LI Bin DU Jianjun ZHANG Jiagui | 2013 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2013，87，3： | 24 |
| 2 | Rapid Identification and Emergency Investigation of Surface Ruptures and Geohazards Induced by the M_s 7.1 Yushu Earthquake显示文摘基于 InSAR,技术被证明在我们表面破裂和 geohazards 的紧急情况调查有效的快速的鉴定由 Yushu 地震导致了。Yushu 地震的产生地震的差错是 Garz 瑩 ? 慲的 Yushu 节吗? | ZHANG Yongshuang YAO Xin XIONG Tanyu MA Yinsheng HU Daogong YANG Nong GUO Changbao | 2010 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2010，84，6： | 17 |
| 3 | 汶川5.12大地震地表次生灾害评价与分析显示文摘针对汶川5.12大地震,对由地震引起的地质次生灾害发生的坡度和坡向进行了统计,分析了地表破坏的易发坡度、坡向及其与震中的关系等。另外,分别以不同震中距为缓冲区、以平行中央断裂带的各级缓冲区、以等烈度区为缓冲区对地震引起的地表破坏的空间分布以及发生地表破坏的坡度在各级缓冲区中的变化进行了分析。结果表明:①地震引发的滑坡及滑坡群共5093个,总面积大约958km2;②在30°~44°坡度区间地表破坏发生的数量最大,42°坡度为地表破坏发生概率的拐点。主要的地表破坏发生在迎着地震波传播的坡向上;③随着震中距的增加,地表破坏的发生概率逐渐减小,震中距40km以内的速度减小非常迅速,40km以外则整体上缓慢减少,局部略有起伏。各缓冲区中发生地表破坏的平均坡度比缓冲区内的地形平均坡度大4°左右。④地震引发的地表破坏主要受到断裂带的控制,有64.17%的地表破坏发生在中央断裂带两侧10km范围内。⑤高地震烈度区域引发的地表破坏率远远大于低烈度区域,在烈度为Ⅺ度的区域内发生地表破坏率达到14.5%,而Ⅶ度烈度带上引发地表破坏率仅为0.01%。 | 孙晓宇 周成虎 郭兆成 张俊 苏奋振 仉天宇 张丹丹 吕婷婷 | 2010 | 地质学报2010，84，9： | 9 |
| 4 | Analysis of the Wenchuan Ms8.0 Earthquake's Co-seismic Stress and Displacement Change by Using the Finite Element Method显示文摘The variation of in situ stress before and after earthquakes is an issue studied by geologists. In this paper, on the basis of the fault slip dislocation model of Wenchuan Ms8.0 earthquake, the changes of co-seismic displacement and the distribution functions of stress tensor around the Longmen Shan fault zone are calculated. The results show that the co-seismic maximum surface displacement is 4.9 m in the horizontal direction and 6.5 m in the vertical direction, which is almost consistent with the on-site survey and GPS observations. The co-seismic maximum horizontal stress in the hanging wall and footwall decreased sharply as the distance from the Longmen Shan fault zone increased. However, the vertical stress and minimum horizontal stress increased in the footwall and in some areas of the hanging wall. The study of the co-seismic displacement and stress was mainly focused on the long and narrow region along the Longmen Shan fault zone, which coincides with the distribution of the earthquake aftershocks. Therefore, the co-seismic stress only affects the aftershocks, and does not affect distant faults and seismic activities. The results are almost consistent with in situ stress measurements at the two sites before and after Wenchuan Ms8.0 earthquake. Along the fault plane, the co-seismic shear stress in the dip direction is larger than that in the strike direction, which indicates that the faulting mechanism of the Longmen Shan fault zone is a dominant thrust with minor strike-slipping. The results can be used as a reference value for future studies of earthquake mechanisms. | SUN Dongsheng WANG Lianjie WANG Hongcai MA Yinsheng ZHOU Chunjing CUI Junwen | 2013 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2013，87，4： | 9 |
| 5 | The Surface Rupture Zone and Coseismic Deformation Produced by the Yutian Ms7.3 Earthquake of 21 March 2008,Xinjiang显示文摘On 21 March 2008,a Ms7.3 earthquake occurred at Quickbird,Yutian County,Xinjiang.We attempt to reveal the features of the causative fault of this shock and its coseismic deformation field.Our work is based on analysis and interpretation to high-resolution satellite images as well as differential interferometric synthetic aperture radar(D-InSAR) data from the satellite Envisat SAR,coupled with seismicity,focal mechanism solutions and active tectonics in this region.The result shows that the 40km-long,nearly NS trending surface rupture zone by this event lies on a range-front alluvial platform in Qira County.It is characterized by distinct linear traces and simple structure with 1-3-m-wide individual seams and maximum 6.5m width of a collapse fracture.Along the rupture zone many secondary fractures and fault-bounded blocks are seen,exhibiting remarkable extension.The coseismic deformation affected a large area 100×100km2.D-InSAR analysis indicates that the interferometric deformation field is dominated by extensional faulting with a small strike-slip component.Along the causative fault,the western wall fell down and the eastern wall,that is the active unit,rose up,both with westerly vergence.Because of the big deformation gradients near the seismogenic fault,no interference fringes are seen on images,and what can be determined is a vertical displacement 70cm or more between the two fault walls.According to the epicenter and differential occurrence times from the National Earthquake Information Center,China Earthquake Network Center,Harvard and USGS,it is suggested that the seismic fault ruptured from north to south. | SHAN Xinjian QU Chunyan WANG Chisheng ZHANG Guifang ZHANG Guohong SONG Xiaogang GUO Liming LIU Yunhua | 2012 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2012，86，1： | 2 |
| 6 | 汶川8.0级地震断层同震位移的构造意义与运动学模型显示文摘5.12汶川8.0级地震断层的同震位移方式、大小和空间变化为检验断层几何学、运动学与动力学分析理论与方法提供了一个现实范例。本文通过对汶川8.0级地震断层同震位移的几何学、运动学特征和可能的深部过程分析,并考虑到地震动力作用的影响,探讨了断层同震位移的地质意义和断层运动学模型问题,继而讨论了汶川8.0级地震过程中所呈现出的断层构造变形的现象对断裂构造分析的有关理论和方法的启示。提出了如下初步认识:(1)根据地震破裂面两侧地表高程差确定的断层垂直同震位移,并不完全是深部震源破裂的构造位移扩展到地表所致,而是包含了地震动力作用对断层破裂面两侧深部岩体的结构损伤破坏(膨胀)强烈程度差异所形成的非构造位移;(2)汶川地震的发震断层走滑-逆冲位移大小和方式的空间变化,可以用区域稳态构造应力和地震动力的联合作用给予合理解释,即断层的逆冲位移成分可以归因于为垂直断层的南东向的区域构造挤压应力作用之结果,而水平走滑位移则与震源体破坏过程形成的地震动力作用方向与不同区段断层的交角变化所致,即震源体上方映秀-北川断层南段和彭灌-江油断层,无论是区域构造应力,还是地震动力,都与断层走向近于直交,因此,断层以逆冲为主;而映秀-北川断层北段,即北川-青川段,由于地震动力方向与断层面斜交,并且越向北东方向交角越小,即使构造应力仍然为垂直断层走向,但构造应力和地震动力的联合作用,必然会导致走滑位移成分增加,自南向北位移的减小和震源体产生的地震动力作用的衰减;(3)汶川地震中发震断层同震位移,自南向北不仅位移方式呈现出由逆冲为主到逆冲走滑的变化,而且位移大小也逐渐减小,特别是在虹口一带,在同一摩擦镜面上先后出现了不同方向断层擦痕,即一次构造过程,就可在断层中先后形成不同方向运动学线理,反映了地震构造过程的运动学与动力学的复杂性。这些构造现象对历史断层运动学-动力学分析理论和原则提出了挑战。在研究断层历史活动方式和活动期次时,如何建立沿断层走向的运动学方式的变化与其相对应的区域构造应力场关系问题,利用断层不同方向的运动学线理确定的断层活动期次和活动方式的可靠性问题,断裂构造运动学-力学过程分析的理论和方法是否应该充分考虑地震动力作用的叠加影响问题等。这些有关地壳构造变形分析的基本科学问题值得构造地质学家进一步思考和探讨。 | 郭进京 韩文峰 李雪峰 刘寒鹏 | 2011 | 地质学报2011，85，3： | 2 |
| 7 | 汶川Ms8.0级地震断层同震位移特征对断裂构造分析的启示显示文摘断裂构造是地壳浅层次最重要的构造现象,也是构造地质学研究的主要领域之一。以稳态区域构造应力作用下的岩石变形破坏过程为基础的断裂构造分析理论和方法,受到强地震过程中断裂构造复杂同震变形的挑战。汶川Ms8.0级地震过程中断层同震变形的几何学、运动学特征及其空间变化,为检验断裂构造的几何学、运动学分析的相关理论和方法提供一个现实的范例。本文通过对汶川Ms8.0级地震断层同震位移的方式、规模和空间变化特征分析,提出沿断层走向的位移方式和位移规模的空间变化是区域构造应力和地震动力复合作用的结果。汶川地震过程中地震断层的位移方式和位移规模的空间变化以及同一构造部位的断层摩擦镜面中却出现了不同运动学指向的擦痕线理等特殊的构造现象,对历史断裂构造变形分析中所遵循的某些原则提出了挑战,需要重新审视和研究。 | 郭进京 韩文峰 | 2010 | 地质调查与研究2010，33，3： | 0 |
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