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| 1 | 软件开发方法发展回顾与展望显示文摘软件是信息化社会的基础设施,而构造并运用软件的能力成为一种核心竞争力.软件开发方法凝结了系统化的软件构造过程和技术.简要回顾了50年来软件开发方法发展历程中具有重要影响的里程碑,包括基于结构化程序设计和模块化开发的基本方法、面向对象方法、软件复用与构件化方法、面向方面的方法、模型驱动的方法,以及服务化的方法.而后针对Internet的发展普及以及人机物融合应用对软件开发方法提出的挑战,介绍了网构软件的研究和探索,并展望未来人机物融合的软件方法和技术. | 马晓星 刘譞哲 谢冰 余萍 张天 卜磊 李宣东 | 2019 | 软件学报2019，30，1： | 27 |
| 2 | 基于网络的可信软件大规模协同开发与演化显示文摘随着网络时代的来临,软件的开发模式、运行环境和提供方式发生了巨大变化.互联网作为一种开放的协同工作环境,其中孕育的大规模协同创作机理对软件开发和应用产生了深刻影响.如何将其与工业化可信软件生产相结合以提高软件生产效率和质量,是网络时代软件技术面临的新课题.本文提出汇聚群体智慧的可信软件开发新方法——群体化方法,该方法的核心是'群体协同、资源分享、运行监控、可信分析',支持创新软件作品向可信软件产品转化,支持软件的可信演化.提出一种基于证据的可信软件概念模型,将软件在开发阶段、分享阶段和应用阶段的基础数据作为软件的可信证据,并据此建立了软件演化过程模型;提出一种支持可信软件协同开发与演化的服务模型,支持软件创作与生产深度协同的可信软件社会化生产、开放有序的可信软件资源分享,以及基于海量数据分析的软件可信评估.最后以'十一五'国家高技术研究发展计划重点项目'高可信软件生产工具及集成环境'为背景,阐述了面向群体化方法的关键技术、开发环境和应用实践. | 王怀民 尹刚 谢冰 刘旭东 魏峻 刘江宁 | 2014 | 中国科学:信息科学2014，44，1： | 22 |
| 3 | Software testing evolution process model and growth of software testing quality显示文摘The paper is based on the research on a formal definition of software testing,with reference to organisms evolution’s heredity/variation and adaptive dynamics equation.The formal descriptions on the heredity/variation in test versions and the driving force of software testing evolution were established and then a Software Testing Evolution Process Model(STEPM)was obtained.Based on the model,the key factors of software testing quality were identified and a Software Testing Quality Framework(STQF)was purposed.A series of formal models obtained in the paper open up new research field in software engineering with wide development foreground and are expected to promote studies on the dependability of software testing,provide ways to evaluate software testing quality and establish formal basis for fully automated testing conducted by programs. | HE ZhiTao LIU Chao YAN HaiHua | 2015 | Science China(Information Sciences)2015，58，3： | 10 |
| 4 | 基于贝叶斯网络的网构软件可信性评估模型显示文摘对于运行在开放、动态、难控的互联网环境的网构软件,其可信性评估是一个重要课题,但目前大量研究中可信性计算多是基于黑盒的,没有深入考虑系统结构,且评价指标过于单一.因此,提出了一个基于贝叶斯网络的网构软件可信性评估模型.该模型通过对网构软件进行结构分析,根据其结构模式,建立多层的网构软件可信性评估指标体系.基于贝叶斯网络采用自底向上逐层分析计算的方法,对网构软件的各组成实体及其系统整体的多方面可信性指标进行评估,形成统一的可信性结果,并使用客观数据对其进行修正.实验证明,该模型可以明确、客观地对网构软件的可信性进行评估,并能够对网构软件的设计、开发和部署提供帮助. | 司冠南 任宇涵 许静 杨巨峰 | 2012 | 计算机研究与发展2012，49，5： | 10 |
| 5 | 运行时软件体系结构的建模与维护显示文摘运行时体系结构是系统运行时刻的一个动态、结构化的抽象,描述系统当前的组成成分、各成分的状态和配置以及不同成分之间的关系.运行时体系结构与目标系统间具有动态的因果关联,即系统的变化及时体现在体系结构上,而对体系结构的修改及时影响当前系统.运行时体系结构允许开发者以读写体系结构的方式实现系统的监测和调整,是体系结构层次系统动态适应与在线演化的基础.构造运行时体系结构的关键是针对不同的目标系统和体系结构风格实现合适的基础设施,以维护二者之间的因果关联.由于目标系统和体系结构的多样性以及因果关联维护逻辑的复杂性,这一构造过程往往过于繁琐、易错、难以复用和维护.提出一种模型驱动的运行时体系结构构造方法.开发者只需针对目标系统、体系结构以及两者之间的关系分别进行建模,根据这些模型,支撑框架自动构造合法而高效的运行时体系结构基础设施.基于MOF和QVT标准建模语言定义了一组运行时体系结构建模语言,并基于通用的模型与系统间同步技术实现了相应的支撑框架.一系列实例研究表明,该方法具有广泛的适用性,并显著提高了运行时体系结构构造过程的效率与可复用性. | 宋晖 黄罡 武义涵 Franck CHAUVEL 孙艳春 邵维忠 梅宏 | 2013 | 软件学报2013，24，8： | 8 |
| 6 | 一种支持Java应用中计算按需远程执行的方法显示文摘按需远程执行是软件应用实现对资源按需占有,从而保障性能并提高资源利用率的重要手段.给出了一种通过自动程序转换来支持Java应用中计算按需远程执行的方法,其核心是支持计算按需远程执行的设计模式.介绍了将Java应用转换成该模式所面临的技术挑战、处理机制以及DPartner转换系统.与已有工作相比,DPartner有两大特色:一是程序转换自动执行;二是转换后应用可实现真正按需的远程执行,使性能和资源利用率得以提升.此外,DPartner被设计为可对只有Java字节码的遗产应用进行转换,更具实用性. | 张颖 黄罡 刘儇哲 梅宏 李影 杨顺祥 | 2013 | 软件学报2013，24，8： | 6 |
| 7 | 基于有限自动机的多层次构件行为匹配模型显示文摘针对目前基于行为规约匹配的构件获取方面的不足,提出了一种基于有限自动机的多层次的构件行为匹配模型.该模型采用有限自动机对构件的行为进行建模,借鉴图论中图匹配的思想,提出了6种行为匹配关系:等价行为匹配、扩展行为匹配、相容行为匹配、包含行为匹配、弱包含行为匹配和弱相容行为匹配.分析了这些行为匹配关系之间的蕴涵关系,并给出各种行为匹配关系的判定算法和相应的适配方法.基于这些算法,提出了一种通用的行为匹配判定方法,以此来减少后继构件适配和组装的复杂性.所提出的匹配模型为基于行为的构件获取提供了有利的技术支持. | 初佃辉 孟凡超 战德臣 徐晓飞 | 2011 | 软件学报2011，22，11： | 6 |
| 8 | 基于群智的软件开发群体化方法与实践显示文摘互联网技术的发展对软件开发技术、运行形态和服务模式都产生了前所未有的影响,以开源和众包为代表的大规模群体协作实践所蕴含的群体智能机理为网络时代的软件开发带来重大启示.本文以开源和众包大规模实践为案例,深入分析了开源创新和众包生产模式,凝练提出了以大众化协同、开放式共享和持续性评估为核心的群智软件开发机理,从群体协作基础环境、群体协作机制模型和群体协作支撑技术3个方面,深入讨论了基于群智的群体化软件开发服务环境涉及的关键要素以及我们的开源实践,并提出了群智软件开发未来面临的重大挑战,希望能为网络环境下基于群智的群体化软件开发提供有益的视角和借鉴. | 王涛 尹刚 余跃 张洋 王怀民 | 2020 | 中国科学:信息科学2020，50，3： | 6 |
| 9 | Correlations between characteristics of maximum influence and degree distributions in software networks显示文摘Software systems can be represented as complex networks and their artificial nature can be investigated with approaches developed in network analysis.Influence maximization has been successfully applied on software networks to identify the important nodes that have the maximum influence on the other parts.However,research is open to study the effects of network fabric on the influence behavior of the highly influential nodes.In this paper,we construct class dependence graph(CDG)networks based on eight practical Java software systems,and apply the procedure of influence maximization to study empirically the correlations between the characteristics of maximum influence and the degree distributions in the software networks.We demonstrate that the artificial nature of CDG networks is reflected partly from the scale free behavior:the in-degree distribution follows power law,and the out-degree distribution is lognormal.For the influence behavior,the expected influence spread of the maximum influence set identified by the greedy method correlates significantly with the degree distributions.In addition,the identified influence set contains influential classes that are complex in both the number of methods and the lines of code(LOC).For the applications in software engineering,the results provide possibilities of new approaches in designing optimization procedures of software systems. | GU Qing XIONG ShiJie CHEN DaoXu | 2014 | Science China(Information Sciences)2014，57，7： | 5 |
| 10 | 一种基于UML模型的起源感知访问控制策略分析方法显示文摘起源(Provenance)是记录数据演变历史的元数据。最近研究者提出起源感知的访问控制,通过追溯和分析访问者或被访问对象的起源来决定允许或拒绝访问请求。由于起源通常由系统在运行时记录并呈现为复杂的有向图,识别、规约和管理起源感知的访问控制策略非常困难。为此,提出了一个基于UML模型的起源感知访问控制策略分析方法,包括对复杂起源图的抽象建模技术以及一个在面向对象的软件开发过程中系统地建立起源模型、规约起源感知访问控制策略的参考过程指南。最后结合企业在线培训系统案例说明如何应用所提出的方法。 | 孙连山 祁志斌 侯涛 | 2015 | 计算机工程与科学2015，37，6： | 4 |
| 11 | Software techniques for Internet Computing:Current situation and future trend显示文摘The fast development of the Internet has extended wider space for Information and Communications Technology(ICT),and it has brought a series of challenges for traditional software theories,models,approaches and technologies.This paper looks back some popular Internet-based new computing paradigms and application schemas,discusses the current status and the future trend of software technologies for Internet Computing,including topics of software model,software runtime supporting platform,software development methodologies and software quality measurement and assurance. | MEI Hong LIU XuanZhe | 2010 | Chinese Science Bulletin2010，55，31： | 4 |
| 12 | 基于软件网络的软件系统演化规律验证和模拟显示文摘演化是计算机软件的固有特性.了解演化规律,可以改进软件演化过程,提高软件质量,降低维护成本.本文定义类依赖图,将软件系统描述为软件网络,基于网络度量验证软件演化规律,并讨论软件演化建模的可行性.首先针对Lehman的8项演化定律,设计3个方面的网络度量:网络规模、网络质量、以及结构控制.然后基于四个开源软件系统构建软件网络,统计网络度量;实证研究表明:支持Lehman的4项演化定律,否定另外3项,即复杂度提升、持续增长、以及质量折旧定律.最后分别采用E-R模型和模块依附模型模拟软件系统的演化过程,所生成的随机网络同软件网络的比较结果说明,软件演化存在客观规律,能够通过建模来重现甚至优化. | 顾庆 陈道蓄 | 2014 | 中国科学:信息科学2014，44，1： | 4 |
| 13 | Internetware:An Emerging Software Paradigm for Internet Computing显示文摘The Internet is undergoing a tremendous change towards the globalized computing environment.Due to the open,dynamic and uncontrollable natures of the Internet,software running in the Internet computing environment has some new features,which bring challenges to current software technologies in terms of software model,software operating platform,software engineering approaches and software quality.Researchers in China have proposed the term 'Internetware' to present the emerging software paradigm.Sponsored by the National Basic Research 973 Program,several research practices have been done on the Internetware in the past decade.This paper summarizes the progress and status of the Internetware researches.A technical solution framework for the Internetware paradigm is proposed from four aspects:the Internetware software model defines what the Internetware is to be;the Internetware middleware determines how to run the Internetware applications;the engineering methodology determines how to develop the Internetware applications;the Internetware quality assurance determines how well the Internetware applications can perform.The paper also discusses the ongoing research issues and future trends of Internetware. | 梅宏 刘譞哲 | 2011 | Journal of Computer Science & Technology2011，26，4： | 4 |
| 14 | 基于复杂适应理论的SaaS平台自适应演化技术研究显示文摘针对产业链协同Saa S平台业务功能动态定制的特点,在研究云平台业务功能个性化定制架构的基础上,分析了产业链协同Saa S平台业务功能自适应演化的需求,基于复杂适应系统理论建立了自适应演化模型,提出了基于角色及业务驱动的演化模型执行策略,采用基于遗传算法的演化策略实现主体的最优演化,采用基于.NET的反射机制实现了演化主体的动态配置,设计和实现了基于.NET的反射处理接口,实现了自适应主体在系统运行过程中的动态调用。最后,通过报表主体的动态添加和表单主体在不同企业联盟中的自适应演化,验证了技术的可行性和有效性。 | 潘华 孙林夫 | 2016 | 计算机应用研究2016，33，6： | 4 |
| 15 | Data-driven synthesis of multiple recommendation patterns to create situational Web mashups显示文摘As a typical situational application,Web mashup reflects and accommodates some key features of Internetware paradigm.Mashup provides a development fashion that integrates data,computation and UI elements from multiple resources into a single Web application,and promises the quick rollout of creating potential new functionalities opportunistically.This paper focuses on the problem of recommending useful suggestions for developing data-driven mashups by synthesis of multiple patterns.We present a rapid and intuitive system called iMashupAdvisor,for aiding mashup development based on a novel automated suggestion mechanism.The key observation guiding the development of iMashupAdvisor is that mashups developed by different users might share some common patterns,for instance,selecting similar mashup components for similar goals,and gluing them in a similar manner.Such patterns could reside in multiple sources,e.g.,the data dependency between mashup components,the interaction between users and mashup components,or the collective intelligence from existing applications created and maintained by programmers,etc.iMashupAdvisor leverages the synthesis of these patterns to recommend useful suggestions for a partial mashup,such as the missing components,connections between them,or potentially relevant options,to assist mashup completion.This paper presents the data model and ranking metrics of the synthesis process,and introduces efficient algorithms for the retrieval of recommendations.We also experimentally demonstrate the efficiency of our approach for benefiting the proposed rapid mashup development. | MA Yun LU Xuan LIU XuanZhe WANG XuDong BLAKE M.Brian | 2013 | Science China(Information Sciences)2013，56，8： | 3 |
| 16 | 一个网构软件可信实体模型及基于评估的信任度量显示文摘对于运行在开放、动态、难控的互联网环境的网构软件,其可信性保障与管理是一个重要课题.目前的研究多是基于信任网络思想的信任度量及演化模型,这种模型对于网构软件来说,在信任的来源、实体间信任关系的约束、信任传递参数的设置方面仍存在着不足.因此,本文引入可信计算中信任链模型的思想,提出了一个网构软件可信智能实体模型,并在此基础上构建了基于评估的信任度量方法.首先通过动态自省、显式自明和自主演化的机制保障了实体本身的可信,建立了信任的基点;并给出了形式化的描述及交互行为的动态监测;然后通过建立Bayes网络综合推荐信任并使用评估方法加以修正,以精确计算信任传递过程中的衰减参数,建立了信任链传递过程中的可信认证机制;最后通过实验验证了所提出方法的正确性. | 许静 司冠南 杨巨峰 文硕 张彪 | 2013 | 中国科学:信息科学2013，43，1： | 3 |
| 17 | 一个决策驱动的网构软件动态演化模型显示文摘传统的建模方法比较难实现网构软件系统的动态演化和自适应性,基于决策驱动的网构软件动态建模方法研究已经成为一个热点。从决策抽象和问题分解角度,提出一个决策驱动的网构软件动态演化模型。首先使用松弛原子算法来分解问题与动态组合决策;然后采用累加累减算法建立网构软件动态演化模型;最后设计相关的网构软件系统来验证该模型。性能分析表明,相比传统模型,该模型有良好的动态演化效果。 | 万年红 王雪蓉 | 2011 | 计算机应用研究2011，28，2： | 2 |
| 18 | Detecting performance anomaly with correlation analysis for Internetware显示文摘Internetware has become an emerging software paradigm to provide Internet services.The performance anomaly of Internetware services not only affects user experience,but also causes severe economic loss to service providers.Diagnosing performance anomalies has become one of the keys to improving the quality of service(QoS) of Internetware.Existing approaches create a system model to predict performance.Then,the prediction from the model is compared with the observation;a significant deviation may signal the occurrence of a performance anomaly.However,these approaches require domain knowledge and parameterization efforts.Moreover,dynamic workloads affect the accuracy of performance prediction.To address these issues,we propose a correlation analysis based approach to detecting the performance anomaly for Internetware.We use kernel canonical correlation analysis(KCCA) to model the correlation between workloads and performance based on monitoring data.Furthermore,we detect anomalous correlation coefficients by XmR control charts,which detect the anomalous coefficient and trend without a priori knowledge.Finally,we adopt a feature selection method(Relief) to locate the anomalous metrics.We evaluated our approach on a testbed running the TPC-W industry-standard benchmark.The experimental results show that our approach is able to capture the performance anomaly,and locate the metrics relating to the cause of anomaly. | WANG Tao WEI Jun QIN Feng ZHANG WenBo ZHONG Hua HUANG Tao | 2013 | Science China(Information Sciences)2013，56，8： | 2 |
| 19 | 基于接口精化的广义无干扰性研究显示文摘在复杂构件化软件的设计和实现过程中,由于安全属性的可组合性难以实现,使得系统整体的安全需求难以得到有效保证,因而安全属性的规约和验证问题是构件化软件开发过程中关注的关键问题.针对当前构件化软件设计过程中,信息流安全属性仅局限于二元安全级格模型的问题,在现有安全接口结构基础上提出广义安全接口结构,在广义安全接口结构上定义精化关系,并利用这一精化关系定义了能够支持任意有限格模型的基于安全多执行的无干扰属性,首次将安全多执行的思想应用于构件化系统的信息流安全属性验证.使用Coq定理证明工具实现了接口自动机程序库以及对精化关系的判定过程,并用实例验证说明了无干扰属性定义的特点及判定方法的有效性. | 孙聪 习宁 高胜 张涛 李金库 马建峰 | 2015 | 计算机研究与发展2015，52，7： | 2 |
| 20 | How commercial involvement affects open source projects:three case studies on issue reporting显示文摘Whereas most research on Internetware has focused on new technologies for keeping track of a changing Internet,little attention has been paid to the software development process.A large portion of the software running the Internet is open source software.Open source software is developed both by volunteers and commercial companies,often jointly.Companies get involved in open source projects for commercial reasons,and bring with them a commercial software development process.Thus,it is important to understand how commercial involvement affects the software development process of open source projects.This article presents case studies of three open source application servers that are being developed jointly by a volunteer community and one primary software company.We are interested in better understanding developer behavior,specifically task distribution and performance,based on whether the developer is an external contributor,e.g.,a volunteer working in their spare time,or a commercial developer from inside the primary backing company who is being paid for their time.To achieve this,we look at issue reporting as an example of commercial involvement in open source projects.In particular,we investigate the distribution of tasks among volunteers and commercial developers by studying the source of reported issues and quantify the task performance on user experience via the issue resolution speed.We construct measures based on historical records in issue tracking repositories.Our results show that,with intensified commercial involvement,the majority of issue reporting tasks would be undertaken by commercial developers,and issue resolution time would be reduced,implying a better user experience.We hope our methods and results provide practical insights for designing an efficient hybrid development process in the Internetware environment. | MA XiuJuan ZHOU MingHui RIEHLE Dirk | 2013 | Science China(Information Sciences)2013，56，8： | 2 |
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