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| 1 | 高温高压下几种岩石熔融玻璃的弹性波速(英文)显示文摘利用超声波脉冲反射法和透射-反射联合法,测量了压力在0.4~2.0GPa条件下7种岩石熔融玻璃的纵波波速(us)和横波波速(us),并在恒压2.0GPa下,在0~1000℃和0~730℃温度范围内,分别测量了纵波波速和横波波速随温度的变化。结果显示,室温下随着压力的升高,大多数玻璃的V。和全部玻璃的us异常地降低。异常的波速-压力关系与玻璃中SiO2的含量密切相关,随着SiOz的质量分数从87%降低到52%,玻璃的纵波波速和横波波速对于压力的导数(δvp/δp和δvs/δP)分别从-0.159和-0.114扯m/(S·Pa)升高到0.050和-0.001弘m/(s·Pa)。分析认为,玻璃的波速随压力升高而降低的原因主要与玻璃中SiO2所具有的敞型结构有关。在2.0GPa压力下,玻璃的波速首先随温度升高而缓慢降低,当达到600~700℃后,开始快速下降,设此温度为玻璃的转变温度Tg。根据实验测得的玄武岩玻璃波速,结合上地幔二辉橄榄岩的弹性性质,推测若在上地幔岩石中存在体积分数大于20%的玄武岩质非晶质体,上地幔便可能形成地震波低速层。 | 蒋玺 周文戈 谢鸿森 刘永刚 范大伟 | 2013 | 高压物理学报2013，27，4： | 1 |
| 2 | PKinetics analysis of the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose from straw stalk显示文摘The effects of several parameters on the simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of straw stalk for ethanol fuel production were investigated on the basis of orthogonal experiments. The parameters include temperature and time of fermentation, quantity and proportion of yeast inoculation, as well as cellulase dosage. An ethanol yield of 0.183 g/g was obtained from the straw stalk pretreated with diluted acid under determined optimum conditions. These conditions were: fermentation temperature: 38℃; fermentation time: 72 h; yeast inoculation quantity: 15%; yeast inoculation proportion: 2:1; and cellulose enzyme dosage: 20 U/g. The relationship between ethanol concentration c and fermentation time t is presented as follows, c=abt/(1+bt). The rate constant k of straw stalk hydrolysis by the cellulose enzyme depends on hydrolysis time, as described by k=k1t-h. Therefore, straw stalk hydrolysis reaction by the cellulose enzyme is fractal-like. | CHEN Kun XU Longjun BI Zhiming FU Zhilei | 2013 | Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry2013，32，1： | 1 |
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