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1Herbal medicines and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease显示文摘Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD), which is characterized by excessive fat accumulation in the liver of patients who consume little or no alcohol, becomes increasingly common with rapid economic development. Long-term excess fat accumulation leads to NAFLD and represents a global health problem with no effective therapeutic approach. NAFLD is considered to be a series of complex, multifaceted pathological processes involving oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and metabolism. Over the past decades, herbal medicines have garnered growing attention as potential therapeutic agents to prevent and treat NAFLD, due to their high efficacy and low risk of side effects. In this review, we evaluate the use of herbal medicines(including traditional Chinese herbal formulas, crude extracts from medicinal plants, and pure natural products) to treat NAFLD. These herbal medicines are natural resources that can inform innovative drug research and the development of treatments for NAFLD in the future.Hong Yao Yu-Jie Qiao Ya-Li Zhao Xu-Feng Tao Li-Na Xu Lian-Hong Yin Yan Qi Jin-Yong Peng 2016World Journal of Gastroenterology2016,22,30:12
2Hypolactasia is associated with insulin resistance in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis显示文摘AIM To assess lactase gene(LCT)-13910C>T polymorphisms in Brazilian non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH) patients in comparison with healthy controls.METHODS This was a transverse observational clinical study with NAFLD patients who were followed at the Hepatology Outpatient Unit of the Hospital das Clínicas, S?o Paulo, Brazil. The polymorphism of lactase non-persistence/lactase persistence(LCT-13910C>T) was examined by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique in 102 liver biopsy-proven NAFLD patients(steatosis in 9 and NASH in 93) and compared to those of 501 unrelated healthy volunteers. Anthropometric, clinical, biochemical and liver histology data were analyzed. Continuous variables were compared using the t or Mann-Whitney tests, and categorical data were compared with the Fisher's exact test. Univariate logistic regression and multivariate logistic regression adjusted for gender and age were performed.RESULTS No differences in the LCT-13910 genotype frequencies were noted between the NAFLD patients(66.67% of the patients with steatosis were CC, 33.33% were CT, and none were TT; 55.91% of the patients with NASH were CC, 39.78% were CT, and 4.3% were TT; P = 0.941) and the healthy controls(59.12% were CC, 35.67% were CT, and 5.21% were TT) or between the steatosis and NASH patients. That is, the distribution of the lactase non-persistence/lactase persistence polymorphism(LCT-13910C>T) in the patients with NAFLD was equal to that in the general population. In the NASH patients, the univariate analysis revealed that the lactase nonpersistence(low lactase activity or hypolactasia) phenotype was associated with higher insulin levels(23.47 ± 15.94 μU/m L vs 15.8 ± 8.33 μU/m L, P = 0.027) and a higher frequency of insulin resistance(91.84% vs 72.22%, P = 0.02) compared with the lactase persistence phenotype. There were no associations between the LCT genotypes and diabetes(P = 0.651), dyslipidaemia(P = 0.328), hypertension(P = 0.507) or liver histology in these patients. Moreover, in the NASH patients, hypolactasia was an independent risk factor for insulin resistance even after adjusting for gender and age [OR = 5.0(95%CI: 1.35-20; P = 0.017)].CONCLUSION The LCT-13910 genotype distribution in Brazilian NAFLD patients was the same as that of the general population, but hypolactasia increased the risk of insulin resistance in the NASH patients.Daniel Ferraz de Campos Mazo Rejane Mattar Jose Tadeu Stefano Joyce Matie Kinoshita da Silva-Etto Marcio Augusto Diniz Sebastiao Mauro Bezerra Duarte Fabíola Rabelo Rodrigo Vieira Costa Lima Priscila Brizolla de Campos Flair Jose Carrilho Claudia P Oliveira 2016World Journal of Hepatology2016,8,24:0
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