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| 1 | Prevention and management of hepatitis B virus reactivation in patients with hematological malignancies treated with anticancer therapy显示文摘Hepatitis due to hepatitis B virus(HBV) reactivation can be severe and potentially fatal, but is preventable. HBV reactivation is most commonly reported in patients receiving cancer chemotherapy, especially rituximabcontaining therapy for hematological malignancies and those receiving stem cell transplantation. All patients with hematological malignancies receiving anticancer therapy should be screened for active or resolved HBV infection by blood tests for hepatitis B surface antigen(HBs Ag) and antibody to hepatitis B core antigen(antiHBc). Patients found to be positive for HBs Ag should be given prophylactic antiviral therapy to prevent HBV reactivation. For patients with resolved HBV infection, no standard strategy has yet been established to prevent HBV reactivation. There are usually two options. One is pre-emptive therapy guided by serial HBV DNA monitoring, whereby antiviral therapy is given as soon as HBV DNA becomes detectable. However, there is little evidence regarding the optimal interval and period of monitoring. An alternative approach is prophylactic antiviral therapy, especially for patients receiving highrisk therapy such as rituximab, newer generation of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, obinutuzumab or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. This strategy may effectively prevent HBV reactivation and avoid the inconvenience of repeated HBV DNA monitoring. Entecavir or tenofovir are preferred over lamivudine as prophylactic therapy. Although there is no well-defined guideline on the optimal duration of prophylactic therapy, there is growing evidence to recommend continuing prophylactic antiviral therapy for at least 12 mo after cessation of chemotherapy, and even longer for those who receive rituximab or who had high serum HBV DNA levels before the start of immunosuppressive therapy. Many novel agents have recently become available for the treatment of hematological malignancies, and these agents may be associated with HBV reactivation. Although there is currently limited evidence to guide the optimal preventive measures, we recommend antiviral prophylaxis in HBs Ag-positive patients receiving novel treatments, especially the Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitors, which are B-cell receptor signaling modulators and reduce proliferation of malignant B-cells. Further studies are needed to clarify the risk of HBV reactivation with these agents and the best prophylactic strategy in the era of targeted therapy for hematological malignancies. | Man Fai Law Rita Ho Carmen KM Cheung Lydia HP Tam Karen Ma Kent CY So Bonaventure Ip Jacqueline So Jennifer Lai Joyce Ng Tommy HC Tam | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，28： | 10 |
| 2 | 替比夫定预防和治疗化疗后的乙肝病毒再激活临床疗效分析显示文摘目的:评价替比夫定对化疗的乙肝病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)再激活的治疗效果及预防作用。方法:对照组为2006年1月至2009年12月的147例未使用替比夫定预防的化疗患者,观察接受化疗后乙肝病毒再激活情况、肝功能和临床表现。预防组为2010年1月至2012年12月的170例患者在化疗前1~2周开始使用替比夫定,化疗后根据具体情况继续使用替比夫定6~12个月,观察HBV激活情况和临床表现。结果:317例患者在化疗期间共出现96例(30.3%)HBV再激活。对照组的147例患者,85例(57.8%)的患者出现HBV再激活,其中21例患者发展为重型肝炎,10例死亡;预防组的170例患者定期检测HBV Deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA),有11例(6.5%)的患者出现HBV再激活(χ2=98.5,P<0.001),2例发展为重型肝炎,1例死亡。结论:肿瘤合并非活动性HBV感染者化疗期间预防使用替比夫定可降低HBV再激活发生率,改善患者临床预后。 | 田文广 万克强 何平 李伟 丁静 魏晓宇 黄文祥 | 2015 | 重庆医科大学学报2015，40，11： | 0 |
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