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1Use of rifaximin in gastrointestinal and liver diseases显示文摘Rifaximin is a broad spectrum oral antibiotic with antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gramnegative aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. It is poorly absorbed and thus has a highly favorable safety profile. Rifaximin has been shown to be effective in the treatment of traveler's diarrhea, functional bloating and irritable bowel syndrome, small bowel bacterial overgrowth and in the prevention of recurrent overt hepatic encephalopathy. In addition, there is emerging evidence for a possible beneficial effect of rifaximin in the treatment of uncomplicated diverticular disease and in the prevention of recurrent diverticulitis. The use of rifaximin is associated with a low incidence of development, or persistence of spontaneous bacterial mutants. Moreover, the development of important drug resistance among extra-intestinal flora during rifaximin therapy is unlikely because of minimal systemic absorption and limited cross-resistance of rifaximin with other antimicrobials. This review addresses the current and emerging role of rifaximin in the treatment of gastrointestinal and liver disorders.Rani H Shayto Rachel Abou Mrad Ala I Sharara 2016World Journal of Gastroenterology2016,22,29:10
2Response of irritable bowel syndrome with constipation patients administered a combined quebracho/conker tree/M. balsamea Willd extract显示文摘The aim of this case series was to retrospectively examine the symptom response of irritable bowel syndrome with constipation(IBS-C) patients administered an herbal extract in a real-world setting. Twenty-four IBS-C patients in a community office practice were provided a combination over-the-counter dietary supplement composed of quebracho(150 mg), conker tree(470 mg) and M. balsamea Willd(0.2 mL) extracts(Atrantil?) and chose to take the formulation for a minimum of 2 wk in an attempt to manage their symptoms. Patient responses to the supplement were assessed by visual analogue scale(VAS) for abdominal pain, constipation and bloating at baseline and at 2 wk as part of standard-of-care. Patient scores from VAS assessments recorded in medical chart data were retrospectively compiled and assessed for the effects of the combined extract on symptoms. Sign tests were used to compare changes from baseline to 2 wk of taking the extract. Significance was defined as P < 0.05. Twenty-one of 24 patients(88%) responded to the dietary supplement as measured by individual improvements in VAS scores for abdominal pain, bloating and constipation symptoms comparing scores prior to administration of the extract against those reported after 2 wk. There were also significant improvements in individual as well as mean VAS scores after 2 wk of administration of the combinedextract compared to baseline for abdominal pain [8.0(6.5, 9.0) vs 2.0(1.0, 3.0), P < 0.001], bloating [8.0(7.0, 9.0) vs 1.0(1.0, 2.0), P < 0.001] and constipation [6.0(3.0, 8.0) vs 2.0(1.0, 3.0), P < 0.001], respectively. In addition, 21 of 24 patients expressed improved quality of life while taking the formulation. There were no reported side effects to administration of the dietary supplement in this practice population suggesting excellent tolerance of the formulation. This pilot retrospective analysis of symptom scores from patients before and after consuming a quebracho/conker tree/M. balsamea Wil d extract may support the formulation's use in IBS-C.Kenneth Brown Brandi Scott-Hoy Linda W Jennings 2016World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics2016,7,3:0
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