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| 1 | Hepatitis C virus: A time for decisions. Who should be treated and when?显示文摘Cirrhosis is the most important risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) regardless of the etiology of cirrhosis. Compared to individuals who are antihepatitis C virus(HCV) seronegative, anti-HCV seropositive individuals have a greater mortality from both hepatic as well as nonhepatic disease processes. The aim of this paper is do describe the burden of HCV infection and consider treatment strategies to reduce HCV-related morbidity and mortality. The newly developed direct acting antiviral(DAA) therapies are associated with greater rates of drug compliance, fewer adverse effects, and appear not to be limited by the presence of a variety of factors that adversely affect the outcome of interferon-based therapies. Because of the cost of the current DAA, their use has been severely rationed by insurers as well as state and federal agencies to those with advanced fibrotic liver disease(Metavir fibrosis stage F3-F4). The rationale for such rationing is that many of those recognized as having the disease progress slowly over many years and will not develop advanced liver disease manifested as chronic hepatitis C, cirrhosis, and experience any of the multiple complications of liver disease to include HCC. This mitigation has a short sided view of the cost of treatment of hepatitis C related disease processes and ignores the long-term expenses of hepatitis C treatment consisting of the cost of treatment of hepatitis C, the management of cirrhosis with or without decompensation as well as the cost of treatment of HCC and liver transplantation. We believe that treatment should include all HCV infected patients including those with stage F0-F2 fibrosis with or without evidence of coexisting liver disease. Specifically, interferon(IFN)-free regimens with the current effective DAAs without liver staging requirements and including those without evidence of hepatic diseases but having recognized extrahepatic manifestations of HCV infection is projected to be the most cost-effective approach for treating HCV in all of its varied presentations. Early rather than later therapy of HCV infected individuals would be even more efficacious than waiting particularly if it includes all cases from F0-F4 hepatic disease. Timely therapy will reduce the number of individuals developing advanced liver disease, reduce the cost of treating these cases and more importantly, reduce the lifetime cost of treatment of those with any form of HCV related disease as well as HCV associated all- cause mortality. Importantly, HCV treatment regimens without any restrictions would result in a substantial reduction in health care expenditure and simultaneously reduce the number of infected individuals who are infecting others. | Bashar M Attar David H Van Thiel | 2016 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics2016，7，1： | 1 |
| 2 | 头孢曲松钠联合奥曲肽治疗肝硬化继发出血合并感染的临床效果显示文摘目的:探讨头孢曲松钠联合奥曲肽治疗肝硬化继发上消化道出血合并感染的临床疗效。方法:选取97例肝硬化继发上消化道出血合并感染患者作为研究对象,根据双盲法分为观察组和对照组,观察组49例患者接受头孢曲松钠联合奥曲肽治疗,对照组48例患者接受盐酸头孢替安联合奥曲肽治疗,进行临床疗效的综合比较。结果:经过两组不同治疗方案治疗后,两组止血有效率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),2周病死率、总有效率、不良反应发生率及住院时间比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:用头孢曲松钠联合奥曲肽治疗肝硬化继发出血合并感染取得良好的临床疗效,提高了临床救治率,减低了临床不良反应,缩短了住院时间,具有临床推广的价值。 | 夏柳录 王楠 | 2016 | 西北国防医学杂志2016，37，2： | 1 |
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