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| 1 | Emerging molecular basis of hematogenous metastasis in gastric cancer显示文摘Lymphatic metastasis is commonly observed in gastric cancer(GC), but hematogenous metastasis is more likely responsible for the cancer-related mortality. Since Stephen Paget first introduced the 'seed and soil hypothesis' a century ago, growing evidence recognizes that numerous essential secreted factors and signaling pathway effectors participate in the pre-metastatic niche formation and distant organ metastasis. The cross-talk between GC cells and surrounding microenvironment may consist of a series of interrelated steps, including epithelial mesenchymal transition, intravasation into blood vessels, circulating tumor cell translocation, and secondary organ metastasis. Secreted factors including vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), matrix metalloproteinases and cancer-derived extracellular vesicles, especially exosomes, are essential in formation of premetastatic niche. Circulating tumor cells and micro RNAs represent as ‘‘metastatic intermediates' ' between primary tumors and sites of dissemination. Many biomarkers have been identified as novel metastatic markers and prognostic effectors. In addition, molecular therapy has been designed to target biomarkers such as growth factors(human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, VEGF) and chemokines, although they have not clearly proven to be effective in inhibiting GC metastasis in clinical trials. In this review, we will systematically discuss the emerging molecules and their microenvironment in hematogenous metastasis of GC, which may help us to find new therapeutic strategies in the future. | Jing Zhong Yan Chen Liang-Jing Wang | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，8： | 8 |
| 2 | Integrin-linked kinase overexpression promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition via nuclear factor-κB signaling in colorectal cancer cells显示文摘AIM: To investigate the effect of integrin-linked kinase(ILK) on proliferation, metastasis, and invasion of the colorectal cancer cell line SW480. METHODS: In this study, the colorectal cancer cell line SW480 was stably transfected with ILK plasmids, and small interfering RNA(si RNA) was used to knockdown expression of nuclear factor(NF)-κB/p65. Methylthiazole tetrazolium(MTT) assay was performed to measure proliferation, and the wound healing migration assay and matrigel invasion assay were used to test the metastasis and invasion ability of SW480 cells. To explore the epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT) process, embryonic development, and the invasion and metastasis of tumors, the protein level of E-cadherin, vimentin, snail, and slug was detected by western blot. Immunofluorescence was also used to detect E-cadherin expression. Western blot was used to determine the level of phosphorylated-inhibitor of kappa B(IκB)a, inhibitor of gamma B(IγB)a, and nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB) expressions and toexplore the ILK signaling pathway. RESULTS: Western blot results revealed that ILK expression significantly increased when ILK was overexpressed in SW480 cells(P < 0.05). Proliferation, metastasis, and invasion ability were improved in the vector-ILK group compared to the vector group(P < 0.05). Immunofluorescence results revealed that E-cadherin fluorescence intensity decreased after ILK was overexpressed(P < 0.05). Western blot results revealed that the protein expression of E-cadherin was reduced, while vimentin, snail, and slug were upregulated when ILK was overexpressed in SW480 cells(P < 0.05). In order to determine the role of the NF-κB signaling pathway in ILK overexpression promoted EMT occurrence, we overexpressed ILK in SW480 cells and found that levels of NF-κB/p65 and cytoplasmic phosphorylated-IκBa were increased and that cytoplasmic IкBa levels were decreased compared to the control group(P < 0.05). Furthermore, NF-κB/p65 knockout revealed that E-cadherin was increased in the overexpressed ILK group. CONCLUSION: ILK overexpression improved the proliferation, metastasis, and invasion ability of SW480 cells, and this effect may be mediated by the NF-κB signaling pathway. | Hong Shen Jun-Li Ma Yan Zhang Gan-Lu Deng Yan-Ling Qu Xiao-Ling Wu Jing-Xuan He Sai Zhang Shan Zeng | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，15： | 7 |
| 3 | 消化系统肿瘤外周血循环肿瘤细胞的研究进展显示文摘近年来,外周血循环肿瘤细胞(CTCs)检测已作为一项'液相活检'技术应用于临床实践。CTCs的肿瘤自我播种机制为探索恶性肿瘤的生长机制以及开发相应的肿瘤靶向治疗提供了新思路。10年前美国食品与药品管理局(FDA)即已批准将计数分析CTCs的CellSearch系统应用于临床监控乳腺癌、前列腺癌和结直肠癌根治术后肿瘤复发。尽管近年来CTCs分离和检测技术得到了显著提升,然而在消化系统肿瘤领域,检测CTCs的临床意义尚在研究中。本文就消化系统肿瘤外周血CTCs的研究进展作一综述。 | 施少军 薛峰 | 2016 | 胃肠病学2016，21，2： | 2 |
| 4 | MiR-200与EMT关系的研究进展显示文摘研究证实,上皮间质转化(Epithelial-mesenchymal transition,EMT)在肿瘤发生、转移的过程中会起到重要的作用。有众多因素参与到EMT的过程中,其中miRNA与EMT的关系受到研究人员广泛的关注。本文主要探讨关于miR-200调控EMT的研究进展。 | 于洋 王申桐 金大植 金铁峰 | 2015 | 当代医药论丛2015，13，17： | 0 |
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