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| 1 | Molecular analysis of the chloroplast Cu/Zn-SOD gene(AhCSD2) in peanut显示文摘Superoxide dismutase(SOD, EC 1.15.1.1) plays a key role in response to drought stress, and differences in SOD activity changes among cultivars are important under drought conditions. We obtained the full-length DNA of the chloroplast Cu/Zn-SOD gene(Ah CSD2)from 11 allotetraploid cultivars and 5 diploid wild species in peanut. BLAST search against the peanut genome showed that the Ah CSD2 genes g CSD2-1 and g CSD2-2 are located at the tops of chromosome A03(A genome) and B03(B genome), respectively, and both contain 8exons and 7 introns. Nucleotide sequence analyses indicated that g CSD2-2 sequences were identical among all the tested cultivars, while g CSD2-1 sequences showed allelic variations.The amino acid sequences deduced from g CSD2-1 and g CSD2-2 both contain a chloroplast transit peptide and are distinguished by 6 amino acid(aa) residue differences. The other 2aa residue variations in the mature peptide regions give rise to three-dimensional structure changes of the protein deduced from the genes g CSD2-1 and g CSD2-2. Sequences analyses of cultivars and wild species showed that g CSD2-2 of Arachis hypogaea and g Aip CSD2(Arachis ipaensis) are identical, and despite the abundant polymorphic loci between g CSD2-1 of A.hypogaea and sequences from A genome wild species, the deduced amino acid sequence of Ah CSD2-1(A. hypogaea) is identical to that of Adu CSD2(Arachis duranensis), whereas Aco CSD2(Arachis correntina) and Aca CSD2(Arachis cardenasii) both have 2 aa differences in the transit peptide region compared with Ah CSD2-1(A. hypogaea). Based on the Peanut Genome Project, promoter prediction revealed many stress-related cis-acting elements within the potential promoter regions(pp-A and pp-B). pp-A contains more binding sites for drought-associated transcriptional factors than pp-B. We hypothesize that the marked changes in SOD activity in different cultivars under drought stress are tightly regulated by transcription factors through transcription and expression of Ah CSD2 genes. | Xiurong Zhang Qian Wan Fengzhen Liu Kun Zhang Aiqing Sun Bing Luo Li Sun Yongshan Wan | 2015 | The Crop Journal2015，3，3： | 4 |
| 2 | NaCl胁迫处理对豇豆幼苗抗氧化酶活性的影响显示文摘主要研究150 mmol/L Na Cl胁迫处理对豇豆(Vigna unguiculata Linn.)幼苗叶片抗氧化酶活性的影响。结果表明,豇豆幼苗在受到Na Cl胁迫后,其叶片内可溶性蛋白含量、脯氨酸含量、丙二醛含量随胁迫时间的延长均逐渐升高,胁迫12 h后,它们的含量都达到峰值;在150 mmol/L Na Cl胁迫过程中,豇豆幼苗叶片的抗氧化酶如超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)等活性在0~12 h期间逐渐上升,12 h后其活性也均达到最高值;在12~48 h胁迫期间,3种抗氧化酶活性逐渐下降,但仍强于非盐胁迫下的抗氧化酶活性。同时,对Na Cl胁迫下这3种抗氧化酶基因的相对表达水平进行荧光定量分析,结果表明,SOD和CAT等2种抗氧化酶基因相对转录表达水平与胁迫期间内相应酶的活性变化一致,而POD基因表达在胁迫6 h后就已经达到最大值,与其酶活性在12 h后达最大值是不一致的。分析结果表明,在盐胁迫下Na Cl诱导了SOD、POD、CAT等3种酶基因的表达,抗氧化酶活性相应增强,从而增强了豇豆幼苗应对Na Cl胁迫的能力,为盐碱地培育豇豆作物具有一定指导意义。 | 代其林 王金玲 马明莉 吕旭才 郭翠 王劲 杜世章 | 2015 | 江苏农业科学2015，43，10： | 3 |
| 3 | 转反义LetAPX基因番茄抗氧化酶活性在苗期、花期、果期的变化显示文摘以番茄叶片为材料,研究在正常种植环境下转反义LetAPX(番茄叶绿体抗坏血酸过氧化物酶)基因番茄叶片中APX酶活性与非转基因番茄叶片在花期、苗期、果期酶活性的差异,以及对番茄叶片中过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)等酶活性的影响。结果表明,转反义LetAPX基因番茄叶片APX酶活性在苗期、果期均低于非转基因番茄,却在花期高于非转基因番茄。SOD在苗期、花期略低于非转基因番茄,而在果期高于非转基因番茄。POD在苗期、花期略高于非转基因番茄,而在果期低于非转基因番茄。CAT在苗期低于非转基因番茄,在花期高于非转基因番茄,而在果期与非转基因番茄基本相当。研究结果表明在正常种植条件下,过量表达反义LetAPX基因确实可以抑制番茄苗期、果期APX基因的表达,降低其酶活性,但APX酶活性的抑制同时影响着植物体内抗氧化酶系统,使得SOD、POD、CAT等酶活性都发生了改变,说明叶绿体APX基因对于植物抗氧化酶系统有重要影响。 | 孙禛禛 吴秋霞 温新宇 刘磊 蒋秋月 孙卫红 | 2015 | 江苏农业科学2015，43，12： | 1 |
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