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| 1 | Geotechnical investigations and remediation design for failure of tunnel portal section: a case study in northern Turkey显示文摘Mass movements are very common problems in the eastern Black Sea region of Turkey due to its climate conditions, geological, and geomorphological characteristics. High slope angle, weathering, dense rainfalls, and anthropogenic impacts are generally reported as the most important triggering factors in the region. Following the portal slope excavations in the entrance section of Cankurtaran tunnel, located in the region, where the highly weathered andesitic tuff crops out, a circular toe failure occurred. The main target of the present study is to investigate the causes and occurrence mechanism of this failure and to determine the feasible remedial measures against it using finite element method(FEM) in four stages. These stages are slope stability analyses for pre-and postexcavation cases, and remediation design assessments for slope and tunnel. The results of the FEM-SSR analyses indicated that the insufficient initial support design and weathering of the andesitic tuffs are the main factors that caused the portal failure. After installing a rock retaining wall with jet grout columns and reinforced slope benching applications, the factor of safety increased from 0.83 to 2.80. In addition toslope stability evaluation, the Rock Mass Rating(RMR), Rock Mass Quality(Q) and New Austrian Tunneling Method(NATM) systems were also utilized as empirical methods to characterize the tunnel ground and to determine the tunnel support design. The performance of the suggested empirical support design, induced stress distributions and deformations were analyzed by means of numerical modelling. Finally, it was concluded that the recommended stabilization technique was essential for the dynamic long-term stability and prevents the effects of failure. Additionally, the FEM method gives useful and reasonably reliable results in evaluating the stability of cut slopes and tunnels excavated both in continuous and discontinuous rock masses. | Ayberk KAYA Kadir KARAMAN Fikri BULUT | 2017 | Journal of Mountain Science2017，14，6： | 7 |
| 2 | Landslide Hazard and Risk Assessment on the Northern Slope of Mt. Changbai, China显示文摘摘要:昌拜山,的北斜坡上的山崩危险和风险评价向北朝鲜汉语的边阶附近的一个著名旅游胜地,被估计。也就是,这研究被划分成二部分山崩危险带状配列和风险评价。山崩危险带状配列(LHZ ) 的 1992 Anbalagan 和 Singh 方法在这个区域被修改并且使用。这样,一个联合分析方法在代表性的区域被使用为控制因素(斜坡坡度,相对消除,植被,地质学,断绝发展,弱层厚度和地面水) 得到一项措施。为到斜坡失败的因素的会员度,有限价值的中间的范围被用来计算 LHZ。从斜坡失败基于潜在的损坏的一个评价,一张合理风险评价地图用潜在的损坏和可能的危险的关系被获得帮助未来计划和预言并且避免生活的损失。 | LIU Zhenghua ZHANG Yanbin Yoshiharu ISHIKAWA Hiroyuki NAKAMURA | 2008 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2008，82，1： | 3 |
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