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| 1 | 再论雅鲁藏布江缝合带构造模型显示文摘作为欧亚与印度板块缝合线的雅江蛇绿岩带在野外并未发现统一的构造极性,岩石处于脆性-韧脆性变形和低绿片岩相变质作用;构造样式沿南北剖面上总体呈现对称状;两侧复理石建造与蛇绿岩套之间没有大型南北向剪切糜棱岩带;局部可直接观察到复理石与蛇绿岩深海沉积整合接触;许多'构造混杂岩'属于深水陡坡滑塌堆积;蛇绿岩带南北两侧的中生代-新生代沉积建造的沉积环境演变具有时间上的宏观对应性;蛇绿岩带常以狭窄的平行条带产出.此外,高喜马拉雅的基底岩石组合可与拉萨地块及羌塘基底进行宏观对比,但与印度陆块则有很大区别.上述地质特征暗示雅江蛇绿岩带属于部分洋壳化的弧后裂陷盆地.印度与欧亚板块的真正界线—新特提斯洋可能位于喜马拉雅南坡西瓦里克覆盖之下.新的构造演化框架是:晚三叠世起,新特提斯洋向北俯冲,高喜马拉雅陆弧被向南拉出,弧后盆地张开.晚侏罗至晚白垩世,弧后盆地陆续出现线状洋壳;其北侧形成冈底斯岩浆弧.从古新世早期起,弧后盆地塌缩,并伴随高喜马拉雅弧与欧亚碰撞而完全闭合.盆地内条带状新洋壳向南、北两侧小规模俯冲,沉积层褶皱冲断,形成构造混杂带,海相陆续消失.渐新世晚期至中新世中期,印度陆块与高喜马拉雅陆弧发生陆-弧碰撞,北侧发育冈底斯盖层林子宗火山岩系.中新世中期至今,高原南部地壳透入性变形缩短,区域性隆升,伴随藏南滑移系、穹窿作用和南北向裂谷发育,残留的雅江弧后洋壳整体出露. | 刘小汉 琚宜太 韦利杰 李广伟 | 2009 | 中国科学(D辑)2009，39，4： | 23 |
| 2 | Timing of the initial collision between the Indian and Asian continents显示文摘There exist three mainstream opinions regarding the timing of the initial collision between the Indian and Eurasian continents,namely,65±5,45±5,and 30±5 Ma.Five criteria are proposed for determining which tectonic event was related to the initial collision between India and Asia:the rapid decrease in the rate of plate motion,the cessation of magmatic activity originating from the subduction of oceanic crust,the end of sedimentation of oceanic facies,the occurrence of intracontinental deformation,and the exchange of sediments sourced from two continents.These criteria are used to constrain the nature of these tectonic events.It is proposed that the 65±5 Ma tectonic event is consistent with some of the criteria,but the upshot of this model is that the magmatic activity originating from the Tethyan subduction since the Mesozoic restarted along the southern margin of the Asian continent in this time after a brief calm,implying that the subduction of the Neotethys slab was still taking place.The magmatic activity that occurred along the southern margin of the Asian continent had a 7-Myr break during 72-65 Ma,which in this study is interpreted as having resulted from tectonic transformation from subduction to transform faulting,indicating that the convergence between the Indian and Asian continents was once dominated by strike-slip motion.The 30±5 Ma tectonic event resulted in the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau,which was related to the late stage of the convergence between these two continents,namely,a hard collision.The 45±5 Ma tectonic event is in accordance with most of the criteria,corresponding to the initial collision between these two continents. | WANG ErChie | 2017 | Science China Earth Sciences2017，60，4： | 16 |
| 3 | 造山带沉积盆地与大陆动力学显示文摘造山带原型盆地恢复是地质学研究的重要内容,是板块构造研究的难点与前沿,对于理解造山带演化及其大陆动力学具有重要意义。本文从原型盆地恢复的方法出发,评述了前人根据碎屑组成、元素地球化学和碎屑单矿物年代学来进行原型盆地恢复的原理、方法和效果。基于喜马拉雅造山带沉积盆地的实践,提出造山带原型盆地恢复的五个要素:盆地顶底界面、古地理环境、物源分析、构造分析和盆地外围研究。详细介绍了新特提斯洋俯冲、印度-亚洲大陆碰撞以及后碰撞阶段的沉积盆地的地质特征,包括印度北缘被动大陆边缘盆地、日喀则弧前盆地、雅鲁藏布海沟盆地、林周弧后-弧背叠合盆地、桑单林同碰撞盆地,以及后碰撞阶段的冈仁波齐盆地、柳区盆地和札达-吉隆裂谷盆地。基于沉积盆地研究反演了喜马拉雅大洋俯冲-大陆碰撞的演化过程,探讨了沉积盆地与大陆动力学之间的耦合关系。 | 胡修棉 薛伟伟 赖文 王建刚 安慰 李娟 | 2021 | 地质学报2021，95，1： | 13 |
| 4 | 印度板块和亚洲大陆在何时何地碰撞显示文摘印度板块和亚洲大陆的初始碰撞时间是所有相关的喜马拉雅-西藏造山体系演化模式的主控条件,并严重影响到对众多与青藏高原隆升和东亚大陆挤出相关的地质过程速率的解释,以及对新生代全球气候变化的理解。尽管印度板块和亚洲大陆汇聚的速率在55Ma突然减缓被广泛地认为是初始碰撞的标志,但这次碰撞所造成的主要构造效应直到20多个百万年以后才显现出来。对印度板块和亚洲大陆相对位置的重新估算,表明它们在55Ma时并没有达到可以彼此发生碰撞的距离。基于来自西藏新的野外证据和对已有数据的重新评估,认为初始碰撞发生在始新世—渐新世之交(约34Ma),并对55Ma时发生的地质事件提出了另一种解释。 | Jonathan C Aitchison Jason R Ali Aileen M Davis 戴紧根(译) 赵西西(校) | 2008 | 地质通报2008，27，9： | 8 |
| 5 | 藏南古近系柳区砾岩孢粉化石的发现及初步研究显示文摘作者首次对柳区砾岩夹层中的泥岩和泥质粉砂岩进行了孢粉学研究,共鉴定出52个形态属。其孢粉组合特征是:以被子植物花粉占优势(62.77%—83.19%),其次是裸子植物花粉(11.95%—32.31%),蕨类植物孢子最少(4.80%—10.38%)。被子植物花粉以具孔类为主,三孔沟或三沟类花粉在组合中有一定含量。裸子植物花粉以具双气囊类居多。孢粉植物群的总体特征表明其时代可能为古近纪晚期。当时的古植被为落叶阔叶林或针阔混交林,气候较温暖湿润,主要为暖温带的环境。 | 韦利杰 刘小汉 严富华 麦学舜 周学君 李广伟 刘小兵 | 2009 | 微体古生物学报2009，26，3： | 7 |
| 6 | Palynological evidence sheds new light on the age of the Liuqu Conglomerates in Tibet and its geological significance显示文摘The Liuqu Conglomerates consist of a suit of terrestrial molasse deposits formed in a foreland basin of the Himalaya-Tibet orogenic belt before the collision of India and Eurasia.These deposits record considerable geological information regarding the late tectonic evolution of the Neotethyan ocean.The palynological study of interlayers of mudstone and mud-sandstones indicates an Oligocene age.The palynological assemblage consists mainly of deciduous broad-leaved angiosperms,with some coniferous gymnosperms and evergreen broad-leaved angiosperms.The deposits reflect a broad-leaved deciduous forest or mixed with conifer-broad-leaved forest ecotypes,showing a warm-temperate or temperate zone climatic environment.This work provides significant new information about the tectonic evolution,paleogeography,and paleoenvironment of southern Tibet during the Cenozoic. | WEI LiJie LIU XiaoHan YAN FuHua MAI XueShun LI GuangWei LIU XiaoBing ZHOU XueJun | 2011 | Science China Earth Sciences2011，54，6： | 5 |
| 7 | 西藏柳区砾岩地质时代厘定的微体古植物新证据及地质意义显示文摘柳区砾岩是印度与欧亚板块碰撞后产出的陆相山前磨拉石建造,记录了新特提斯洋构造演化后期的丰富地质与古环境信息.本文对其中泥岩和泥质粉砂岩夹层进行了孢粉学研究,初步结果显示柳区砾岩中上部出现逐渐增多的渐新世孢粉组合,说明柳区砾岩建造的时代可上延至渐新世.这套孢粉组合以落叶阔叶被子植物为主,含一定量的松科等针叶裸子植物和少量的常绿阔叶被子植物等组成的阔叶林或针阔叶混交林植被,反映了暖温带或温带的气候环境特征.这一结果为深入研究新特提斯洋闭合后藏南古地理、古气候、古生态和古海拔高度提供了新的重要制约. | 韦利杰 刘小汉 严富华 麦学舜 李广伟 刘小兵 周学君 | 2011 | 中国科学:地球科学2011，41，10： | 4 |
| 8 | An alternative tectonic model for the Yarlung Zangbo suture zone显示文摘The new field investigations along the Yarlung Zangbo ophiolites zone show that these series underwent low green-schist metamorphism and were then fractured and occurred as slabs in tectonic melanges,without regional tectonic polarity.No large shear zone in north-south direction has been identified between ophiolite bodies and flysch layers on both side and a conformable contact relationship can be observed locally between them.A great mass of tectonic mélange has been substantiated as submarine olistolith bodies.The Mesozoic sedimentary facies and its evolution in both north and south of the ophiolite zone are corresponding in time.The ophiolite zone has often been divided into parallel branches,separated by narrow flysch slats.There is also a similarity of the Paleozoic and the basement of the High Himalaya,Lhasa and Qiangtang Terranes,and they are distinctly different from those of the Indian continent.The geologic information does not warrant a postulate that the Himalaya and Tibet were once separated by a great ocean;it is therefore consistent with an alternative tectonic model by back-arc basin collapse with its juvenile narrow oceanic crust.The real plate tectonic suture,the Neotethys might be covered under the Miocene Siwalik molasse in the southern slope of the High Himalaya range.Based on the new model,the Neotethyan ocean floor was subducted beneath the Asia since the Late Triassic.The outer continental margin of Eurasia was split from the Lhasa Terrane so that a back-arc basin came into existence.Hemi-pelagic and deep sea sediments were deposited before the Late Cretaceous flysch sedimentation,with the linear juvenile oceanic crust when back-arc volcanism occurred in the Gandese region.The Yarlung Zangbo back-arc basin was eventually eliminated when the High Himalayas were sutured onto Eurasia.The ocean floor lightly underthrusted to north and south sides,sediments of the basin were deformed as fold-thrusting.The Neotethys was eliminated during the Tertiary when India collided with Himalaya arc from the Oligocene.The crust of southern Tibet suffered penetrative shortening,the ophiolite zone became exposed during regional uplifting,and the South Tibet Detachment System,doming in southern Tibet and rifting in a north-south direction since the Middle Miocene Epoch. | LIU XiaoHan JU YiTai WEI LiJie LI GuangWei | 2010 | Science China Earth Sciences2010，53，1： | 4 |
| 9 | 印度陆块新生代两次仰冲事件及其构造驱动机制:论印度洋、特提斯和欧亚板块相互作用显示文摘印度陆块与欧亚大陆的碰撞是印度洋扩张和特提斯洋闭合综合作用的结果。本文通过综合分析和研究提出这3个板块的相互作用致使印度陆块发生过2次向北的仰冲:早期(古新世末-始新世初,~57Ma)仰冲受其超高速运动(>140mm/yr)的驱动,与特提斯之间产生的速度差致使两者间的边界发生破裂,密度小的印度陆块沿印度洋东经90°海岭和马尔代夫岛链向北仰冲到特提斯洋壳之上,两者的叠加导致印度陆块北缘——特提斯喜马拉雅地壳增厚(~70km)并且沉积了一套造山磨拉石——柳曲砾岩;晚期(渐新世-中新世之交,~25Ma)仰冲发生在碰撞后,由于高喜马拉雅结晶岩系沿主中央冲断带和藏南拆离断裂发生的垂向挤出,位于上盘的特提斯喜马拉雅沉积盖层同时发生重力垮塌,沿大喜马拉雅反冲断裂仰冲到冈底斯岩浆岩带之上并且造成后者的隆升和前陆下陷,其北缘充填了一套造山磨拉石沉积——大竹卡砾岩。这两次构造事件均受印度陆块的快速运动驱动。此外,在印度陆块超高速运动的挤压下,特提斯洋可能在早白垩世之后就停止了扩张,而老的洋壳不是俯冲消减了就是被仰冲的印度陆块掩盖了,这解释了为什么雅鲁藏布江缝合带只存早白垩世蛇绿岩。印度洋内东经90°海岭和马尔代夫岛链构成印度陆块的南东和南西边界,前者呈右行走滑,后者呈左行走滑,两者勾画出印度陆块向北漂移的轨迹。 | 王二七 孟恺 许光 樊春 苏哲 | 2018 | 岩石学报2018，34，7： | 4 |
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