| 1 | 中国倡导的“丝绸之路经济带”沿线五个国家病毒性传染病流行概况分析显示文摘随着'丝绸之路经济带'倡议的提出和设施联通、贸易畅通、资金融通、民心相通的不断推进,我国面临传染病输入风险增加的可能。分析'丝绸之路经济带'沿线部分国家病毒性传染病疫情,为防止传染病跨境传播提供科学依据。通过不同途径获取病毒性传染病文献,两人同时阅读、提取相关信息并进行分析或比较。选择俄罗斯、哈萨克斯坦、沙特阿拉伯、伊朗、阿富汗5个国家,共获得有效文献231篇,确定13种分析病种。各国获取的文献数量、文献内容、疾病流行特点不尽相同,例如,俄罗斯流感文献提供了较完整的监测数据,除2009年全球A(H1N1)pdm大流行外,各年以H3N2或B型流感为主。5个国家中,A(H1N1)pdm检出率俄罗斯高达79.00%、阿富汗最低为2.32%。阿富汗2006年前未建立流感监测系统,2011年后该系统受到削弱。伊朗针对克里米亚-刚果出血热(Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever,CCHF)开展了许多研究,该国CCHF在1999~2011年间的病死率为14.50%,高危人群、牲畜感染率分别是14.80%~16.49%、3.7%~66.95%,蜱虫带毒率11.30%~70.00%,高危职业、蜱虫叮咬史是感染CCHF的危险因素,所分离病毒与欧洲世系土耳其人源病毒II组密切相关。其余各国均有病例报道,多呈散发状态。沙特阿拉伯提供了迄今为止大部分揭示中东呼吸综合征(Middle East respiratory syndrome,MERS)流行规律的数据,该国一般人群感染率为0.15%,疑似病例和密切接触者感染率为0.70%、高危人群感染率为2.30%~3.60%。糖尿病、心脏病、吸烟是感染中东呼吸综合征病毒(Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus,MERS-CoV)的独立危险因素。全基因组序列和蝙蝠病毒核苷酸分析提示,骆驼是重要但并非唯一的储存宿主。除伊朗外,其它3国尚无输入性MERS病例报道。本研究提示,为促进我国倡导的'丝绸之路经济带'建设,首先需要了解各国传染病流行状况,并充分发挥口岸传染病监测和出入境检验检疫工作的前哨作用。 | 牛丹丹 李洁 蒋涛 韩桃利 王英 | 2019 | 病毒学报2019，35，5： | 1 |
| 2 | Household survey of container-breeding mosquitoes and climatic factors influencing the prevalence of Aedes aegypti(Diptera:Culicidae)in Makkah City,Saudi Arabia显示文摘Objective:To investigate the prevalence of container breeding mosquitoes with emphasis on the seasonality and larval habitats of Aedes aegypti(Ae.aegypti) in Makkah City,adjoining an environmental monitoring and dengue incidence.Methods:Monthly visits were performed between April 2008 and March 2009 to randomly selected houses.During each visit,mosquito larvae were collected from indoors and outdoors containers by either dipping or pipetting. Mosquitoes were morphologically identified.Data on temperature,relative humidity,rain/ precipitations during the survey period was retrieved from governmental sources and analyzed. Results:The city was warmer in dry season(DS) than wet season(WS).No rain occurred at all during DS and even precipitations did fall,wetting events were much greaterduring WS.Larval survey revealed the co-breeding of Aedes,Culex and Anopheles in a variety of artificial containers in and around homes.32109 larvae representing 1st,2nd,3rd,and 4th stages were collected from 22618 container habitats.Culicines was far the commonest and Aedes genus was as numerous as the Culex population.Ae.aegypti larval abundance exhibited marked temporal variations,overall, being usually more abundant during WS.Ten types of artificial containers were found with developing larvae.70%of these habitats were located indoors.71.42%of indoor containers were permanent and 28.58* was semi-permanent during WS.Cement tanks was the only container type permanent during DS.Ae.aegypti larval indices(CI,HI,Bl) recorded were greater during WS. Conclusions:Taken together,these results indicate a high risk of dengue transmission in the holy city. | Al Thabiany Aziz Hamady Dieng Abu Hassan Ahmad Jazem A Mahyoub Abdulhafis M Turkistani Hatabbi Mesed Salah Koshike Tomomitsu Satho MR Che Salmah Hamdan Ahmad Wan Fatma Zuharah Ahmad Saad Ramli Fumio Miake | 2012 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2012，2，11： | 0 |
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