| 1 | Dissection of genetic overlap of salt tolerance QTLs at the seedling and tillering stages using backcross introgression lines in rice显示文摘QTLs for salt-tolerance(ST)related traits at the seedling and tillering stages were identified using 99 BC2F8 introgression lines(IL)derived from a cross between IR64(indica)as a recurrent parent and Binam(japonica)from Iran as the donor parent.Thirteen QTLs affecting survival days of seedlings(SDS), score of salt toxicity of leaves(SST),shoot K + concentration(SKC)and shoot Na + concentration(SNC) at the seedling stage and 22 QTLs underlying fresh weight of shoots(FW),tiller number per plant(TN) and plant height(PH)at the tillering stage were identified.Most QTLs detected at the tillering stage showed obvious differential expression to salt stress and were classified into three types based on their differential behaviors.Type I included 11 QTLs which were expressed only under the non-stress condition.Type II included five QTLs expressed in the control and the salt stress conditions,and three of them(QPh5,QPh8 and QTn9)had similar quantity and the same direction of gene effect,suggesting their expression was less influenced by salt stress.Type III included six QTLs which were detectable only under salt stress,suggesting that these QTLs were apparently induced by the stress.Thirteen QTLs affecting trait difference or trait stability of ILs between the stress and non-stress conditions were identified and the Binam alleles at all loci except QPh4,QTn2 and QFw2a decreased trait difference.The three QTLs less influenced by the stress and 13 QTLs affecting trait stability were considered as ST QTLs which contributed to ST.Comparing the distribution of QTLs detected at the seedling and tillering stages,most(69%)of them were genetically independent.Only four were the same or adjacent regions on chromosomes 1,2,8 and 11 harboring ST QTLs detected at the two stages,suggesting that partial genetic overlap of ST across the two stages occurs.It is likely,therefore,to develop ST rice variety for both stages by pyramiding of ST QTLs of different stages or selection against the overlapping QTLs between the two stages via marker-assisted selection(MAS). | ZANG JinPing 1 ,SUN Yong 1 ,WANG Yun 1 ,YANG Jing 1 ,LI Fang 1 ,ZHOU YongLi 1 ,ZHU LingHua 1 , Reys JESSICA2,Fotokian MOHAMMADHOSEIN 2,XU JianLong 1&LI ZhiKang 1,2 1Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources&Genetic Improvement,Chinese Academy of Agricul- tural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China 2International Rice Research Institute,DAPO Box 7777,Metro Manila,Philippines | 2008 | Science China(Life Sciences)2008，51，7： | 32 |
| 2 | 水稻杂种优势的转录组基础显示文摘在杂交种中,亲本等位基因的表达将会发生变化,导致杂交种转录组活性不同于亲本.通过比较杂交种与亲本之间的转录组活性差异,鉴定出这些差异的调控因子并建立起其与表型差异的联系,就可能从分子水平上解析杂种优势形成的机理.在水稻杂交种全基因组基因差异表达分析的不同研究中,由于所采用转录组分析平台和实验取材组织器官等的差异,所鉴别出来的差异表达基因及其在杂交种中的表达变化模式各不相同.然而,某些研究也揭示了一些共性的结果,主要体现在水稻杂交种中差异表达基因的生物学功能在光合作用、碳水化合物代谢和能量代谢途径中富集.对于导致水稻杂交种转录组活性变化的原因,可以从基于基因启动子区顺式调控元件和与其相结合的反式作用因子的遗传调控机制,以及从基于DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰和小RNA的表观遗传调控机制两方面来进行解释.今后在水稻杂交种转录组活性变化的分析中,需要针对特定的生物学性状来进行,并提高基因差异表达分析的精确性和特异性.此外,由于杂种优势是多个数量性状的综合体现,可以将全基因组的基因差异表达分析与杂种优势的QTL(quantitative trait loci,数量性状位点)定位及GWAS(genome-wide association studies,全基因组关联分析)等数量遗传学方法相结合,以对水稻杂种优势分子机理进行深入解析. | 何光明 何航 邓兴旺 | 2016 | 科学通报2016，61，35： | 2 |
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