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| 1 | Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the rectum: An update and implications for treatment显示文摘AIM: To provide an update on the aetiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, staging and management of rectal squamous cell carcinoma(SCC).METHODS: A systematic review was conducted according to the preferred reporting items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. A comprehensive search of Ovid MEDLINE was performed with the reference list of selected articles reviewed to ensure all relevant publications were captured. The search strategy was limited to the English language, spanning from 1946 to 2015. A qualitative analysis was undertaken examining patient demographics, clinical presentation, diagnosis, staging, treatment and outcome. The quantitaive analysis was limited to data extracted on treatment and outcomes including radiological, clinical and pathological complete response where available. The narrative and quantitative review were synthesised in concert.RESULTS: The search identified 487 articles in total with 79 included in the qualitative review. The quantitative analysis involved 63 articles, consisting of 43 case reports and 20 case series with a total of 142 individual cases. The underlying pathogenesis of rectal SCC while unclear, continues to be defined, with increasing evidence of a metaplasia-dysplasia-carcinoma sequence and a possible role for human papilloma virus in this progression. The presentation is similar to rectal adenocarcinoma, with a diagnosis confirmed by endoscopic biopsy. Many presumed rectal SCC's are in fact an extension of an anal SCC, and cytokeratin markers are a useful adjunct in this distinction. Staging is most accurately reflected by the tumour-nodemetastasis classification for rectal adenocarcinoma. It involves examining locoregional disease by way of magnetic resonance imaging and/or endorectal ultrasound, with systemic spread excluded by way of computed tomography. Positron emission tomography is integral in the workup to exclude an external siteof primary SCC with metastasis to the rectum. While the optimal treatment remains as yet undefined, recent studies have demonstrated a global shift away from surgery towards definitive chemoradiotherapy as primary treatment. Pooled overall survival was calculated to be 86% in patients managed with chemoradiation compared with 48% for those treated traditionally with surgery. Furthermore, local recurrence and metastatic rates were 25% vs 10% and 30% vs 13% for the chemoradiation vs conventional treatment cohorts.CONCLUSION: The changing paradigm in the treatment of rectal SCC holds great promise for improved outcomes in this rare disease. | Glen R Guerra Cherng H Kong Satish K Warrier Andrew C Lynch Alexander G Heriot Samuel Y Ngan | 2016 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2016，8，3： | 5 |
| 2 | Climatic periodicities recorded in lake sediment magnetic susceptibility data:Further evidence for solar forcing on Indian summer monsoon显示文摘The Indian summer monsoon exhibits considerable spatio-temporal variability.It is therefore important to understand its dynamics and the inherent periodicities.In this study,we have performed spectral and wavelet analyses of magnetic susceptibility data for sediments from Thimmannanayakanakere(TK)-a small lake in southern India.The main objective of this investigation is to identify and explain the possible origin of the prominent periodicities present in the magnetic susceptibility data.Significant periodicities in the TK χ_(lf)data are centered at 906,232,147,128,96,61,54 and 44 years,which might have a solar origin.The wavelet power spectrum of the raw and detrended χ_(lf)data confirms the findings of spectral analysis and also provides temporal variations of the significant cyclicities during the past3700 cal.years B.P.Positive correlation is documented between sunspot activity and TK xif data;crossspectral analysis of the reconstructed sunspot data and TK xif data suggest that there is a strong coherence between the two datasets as significant periodicities are documented in both.There is a good match between the TK xif and the reconstructed total solar irradiance data for the past 1200 years.However,an out-of-phase relationship is documented at certain time-intervals,which may be attributed to uncertainties in the age-depth model.The results obtained from this study show that solar variations are the main controlling factor of the southwest monsoon and,like other archives from different regions in India,the TK lake sediments have also recorded these solar signatures. | Anish Kumar Warrier Kizhur Sandeep Rajasekharaiah Shankar | 2017 | Geoscience Frontiers2017，8，6： | 3 |
| 3 | Antitumor and antimetastatic activity of interleukin 12 against murine tumors显示文摘 | Brunda MJ Luistro R Warrier RB | 1993 | J Exp Med1993，178，： | 1 |
| 4 | Administration of recombinant IL-12 to normal mice enhances cytolytic lymphocyte activity and induces production of IFN-γ in vivo 显示文摘 | GATELY MK WARRIER RR HONASOGE S | 1994 | Int Immunol1994，6，1： | 1 |
| 5 | Genistein inhibits cardiac L-type Ca(2 + ) channel activity by a tyrosine kinase-independent mechanism 显示文摘 | Belevych AE Warrier S Harvey RD | 2002 | Mol Pharmacol2002，62，3： | 1 |
| 6 | Study of chemoresistant CD133+cancer stem cel s from human glioblastoma cel line U138MG using multiple assays显示文摘 | Warrier S Pavanram P Raina D | | 0，，12： | 1 |
| 7 | Onset of nucleate boiling and active nucleation site den- sity during subcooled flow boiling显示文摘 | BASU N WARRIER G R DHIR V K | 2002 | Journal of Heat Transfer2002，124，4： | 1 |
| 8 | Geochemical evidence for the use of magnetic susceptibility as a paleorainfall proxy in the tropics显示文摘 | Warrier A K Shankar R | 2009 | Chemical Geology2009，265，34： | 1 |
| 9 | Imnmnotactoid glomerulopathy in sickle cell anemia 显示文摘 | Aviles D H Craver R Warrier R P | 2001 | Pediatr Nephrol2001，16，1： | 1 |
| 10 | Cloud-Based Grasp Analysis and Planning for Toleranced Parts Using ParallelizedMonte Carlo Sampling显示文摘 | Kehoe B Warrier D Patil S | 2015 | IEEE Transactions on Automation Science & Engineering2015，12，2： | 1 |
| 11 | Occurrence of vertebrate steroids , estradiol 17 beta and progesterone in the reproducing females of the mud crab, Scylla serrata显示文摘 | Warrier S R Tirumalai R Subramoniam T | 2001 | Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol2001，130，2： | 1 |
| 12 | Silver Coating on Carbon and SiC Fibres显示文摘 | Warrier S G Lin R Y | 1993 | J Mater Sci1993，28，18： | 1 |
| 13 | Preservation or division of the intercostobrachial nerve in axillary dissection for breast cancer:meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials显示文摘 | Warrier S Hwang S Koh CE | 2014 | Breast2014，23，： | 1 |
| 14 | Onset of nucleate boiling and active nucleation site density during subcooled flow boiling显示文摘 | Basu N Warrier G R Dhir V K | 2002 | Journal of Heat Transfer2002，124，4： | 1 |
| 15 | Onset of Nucleate Boiling and Active Nucleation Site Density During Subcooled Flow Boiling 显示文摘 | Basu N Warrier G R Dhir V K | 2002 | Journal of Heat Transfer2002，124，： | 1 |
| 16 | Antitumor and antimetastatic activity of IL - 2 against routine tumors显示文摘 | Brunda MJ Luistro L Warrier RR | 1993 | J EXP Med1993，178，： | 1 |
| 17 | Occurrence of vertebrate steroids,estradiol 17 beta and progesterone in the reproducing female of the mud crab Scylla serrata显示文摘 | Warrier S R Tirumalai R Subramoniam T | 2001 | Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A:Molecular & Integrative Physiology2001，130，2： | 1 |
| 18 | Onset of nucleate boiling and active nucleation site den- sity during subcooled flow boiling显示文摘 | BASU N WARRIER G R DHIR V K | 2002 | Journal of Heat Transfer2002，124，4： | 1 |
| 19 | Increased levels of serum transferrin receptor and serum transferrin receptor/log ferritin ratios in men with prostate cancer and the implications for body-iron stores显示文摘 | Kuvibidila S Gauthier T Warrier RP | 2004 | J Lab Clin Med2004，144，4： | 1 |
| 20 | Long - term gain after team- based learning experience in a pediatric clerkship 显示文摘 | Warrier KS Schiller JH Frei NR | 2013 | Teach Learn Med2013，25，4： | 1 |
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