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| 1 | 3D bioactive composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering显示文摘Bone is the second most commonly transplanted tissue worldwide,with over four million operations using bone grafts or bone substitute materials annually to treat bone defects.However,significant limitations affect current treatment options and clinical demand for bone grafts continues to rise due to conditions such as trauma,cancer,infection and arthritis.Developing bioactive three-dimensional(3D)scaffolds to support bone regeneration has therefore become a key area of focus within bone tissue engineering(BTE).A variety of materials and manufacturing methods including 3D printing have been used to create novel alternatives to traditional bone grafts.However,individual groups of materials including polymers,ceramics and hydrogels have been unable to fully replicate the properties of bone when used alone.Favourable material properties can be combined and bioactivity improved when groups of materials are used together in composite 3D scaffolds.This review will therefore consider the ideal properties of bioactive composite 3D scaffolds and examine recent use of polymers,hydrogels,metals,ceramics and bio-glasses in BTE.Scaffold fabrication methodology,mechanical performance,biocompatibility,bioactivity,and potential clinical translations will be discussed. | Gareth Turnbull Jon Clarke Frederic Picard Philip Riches Luanluan Jia Fengxuan Han Bin Li Wenmiao Shu | 2018 | Bioactive Materials2018，3，3： | 40 |
| 2 | 前列腺癌治疗前后动态增强MRI评价显示文摘目的 :应用MRI和动态增强MRI药物代谢动力学模型评价前列腺癌治疗前后的疗效 ,确定MRI的价值。方法 :对 16例经组织学证实的前列腺癌分别在治疗前后进行常规和动态增强MRI检查。治疗分别为单纯激素替代治疗 (7例 )和激素替代治疗加外放射治疗 (9例 )。MRI检查常规应用GESignaAdvantage 1.5T超导磁共振成像仪 ,静脉注射Gd DTPA(0 .1mmol/kg体重 )。应用两室药物代谢动力学模型分别计算肿瘤病灶、前列腺良性增生和正常前列腺周围带的最大增强指数、对比剂吸收幅度、对比剂的交换率和对比剂分布指数。结果 :治疗前后PSA由 39.5 4ng/ml降为 10 .39ng/ml(P =0 .0 4 6 ) ,由MRI测量获得的肿瘤体积明显缩小 (2 .85cm3 至 0 .84cm3 ,P =0 .0 1) ,前列腺良性增生和正常前列腺周围带也明显缩小 (P <0 .0 1)。治疗前后肿瘤病灶最大增强指数和对比剂分布指数降低 ,但未见统计学差异 ;对比剂吸收幅度和交换率明显降低 (P =0 .0 0 4 ,0 .0 0 2 )。前列腺良性增生的最大增强指数和对比剂分布指数降低 (P =0 .2 84 ,0 .2 2 1) ;对比剂吸收幅度和交换率明显降低 (P =0 .0 1,0 .0 0 7)。正常周围带的对比剂吸收幅度、交换率和分布指数明显降低 (P=0 .0 0 3,0 .0 1,0 .0 4 )。结论 :动态增强MRI能够全面反映前列腺癌治疗前? | 王滨 Martin LOWRY Lindsay W TURNBULL | 2003 | 医学影像学杂志2003，13，4： | 5 |
| 3 | Gastroenterology service in a teaching hospital in rural New Zealand, 1991-2003显示文摘AIM: To retrospectively collect inpatient and outpatient data and to assess the use of endoscopic procedures during the years 1991, 1997 and 2003 to analyse for trends. METHODS: This retrospective survey was conducted in a University-associated Gastroenterology Unit offering secondary and tertiary health care services for a population of approximately 182 000 people in Southern New Zealand. Data collected included patient contacts (inand outpatients), gastroscopic and colonoscopic investigations. RESULTS: We observed a significant increase in the absolute numbers of patient contacts over the years (1991: 2308 vs 1997: 2022 vs 2003: 2783, P < 0.0001) with inflammatory bowel disease, other diseases of the colon, anus and rectum and iron studies related disorders decreasing significantly but liver disease and constipation increasing linearly over time. The use of endoscopy services remained relatively stable but colonoscopic investigations for a positive family history of colorectal cancer increased significantly while more gastroscopies were performed for unexplained anaemia. CONCLUSION: The whole spectrum of gastroenterology contacts was studied. A substantial proportion of colonoscopies and outpatient consultations were undertaken to screen for colorectal cancer. This proportion is likely to grow further. Our fi ndings have implications for the recruitment and training of the next generation of gastroenterologists. | Michael Schultz Andrew Davidson Sarah Donald Bogna Targonska Angus Turnbull Susan Weggery Vicki Livingstone John D Dockerty | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，5： | 3 |
| 4 | Management characteristics and prognosis after stroke in China:findings from a large nationwide stroke registry显示文摘Background and purpose There is limited nationwide evidence about the standard management characteristics of stroke types and prognosis in China.This study aimed to assess clinical characteristics,in-hospital and after-discharge management characteristics and prognosis for stroke types in China.Methods A nationwide registry recruited 14244 imaging-confirmed first-ever incident strokes from 132 hospitals across 31 provinces of China during 2007-2008,recording presenting characteristics,diagnostic procedures and in-hospital treatment.After hospital discharge,patients were followed up for 6 months.Conventional statistical methods were used to examine the patterns of management and prognosis.Results Overall,68.7%,26.9%and 4.4%were ischaemic stroke(IS),intracerebral haemorrhage(ICH),and subarachnoid haemorrhage(SAH),respectively.Only 20%were managed in a dedicated stroke unit.Among IS,1.3%received thrombolysis within 3 hours after symptom onset,whereas the proportions of receiving in-hospital antiplatelet therapy,neuroprotective agents and traditional Chinese medicines(TCM)were 88.4%,69.7%and 70.6%,respectively.For ICH,63.3%and 36.3%received neuroprotective agents and TCM in hospital,respectively.At discharge,70.7%and 38.0%of the patients with IS were given antiplatelet and statin therapies,respectively,decreasing to 64.8%and 23.9%,respectively,at 6 months.In-hospital mortality was 3.2%,9.3%and 10.1%for IS,ICH and SAH,respectively,with a further 8.6%,18.2%and 22.0%,respectively,died by 6 month.Meanwhile,in-hospital recurrence rate was 2.6%,1.9%and 7.2%for IS,ICH and SAH,respectively,with a further 8.0%,5.1%and 7.5%,respectively,recurred by 6 month.Conclusions In China,the mortality rate of stroke is lower than that reported from west populations,though most strokes are not managed in specialised stroke unit.There is widespread use of some unproven therapies but limited proven treatments,especially after discharge,leading to unnecessary recurrent risks. | Haiqiang Qin Yiping Chen Gaifen Liu Iain Turnbull Runhua Zhang Zixiao Li Yilong Wang Liping Liu Xingquan Zhao Zhengming Chen Yongjun Wang | 2021 | Stroke & Vascular Neurology2021，6，1： | 3 |
| 5 | On the trails of markers and proxies:the socio-cognitive technologies of human movement,knowledge assemblage,and their relevance to the etiology of nasopharyngeal carcinoma显示文摘Bacteria,pigs,rats,pots,plants,words,bones,stones,earrings,diseases,and genetic indicators of all varieties are markers and proxies for the complexity of interweaving trails and stories integral to understanding human movement and knowledge assemblage in Southeast Asia and around the world.Understanding human movement and knowledge assemblage is central to comprehending the genetic basis of disease,especially of a cancer like nasopharyngeal carcinoma.The problem is that the markers and trails,taken in isolation,do not all tell the same story.Human movement and knowledge assemblage are in constant interaction in an adaptive process of co-production with genes,terrain,climate,sea level changes,kinship relations,diet,materials,food and transport technologies,social and cognitive technologies,and knowledge strategies and transmission.Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is the outcome of an adaptive process involving physical,social,and genetic components. | David Turnbull | 2011 | Chinese Journal of Cancer2011，30，2： | 3 |
| 6 | Oomycetes Seek Help from the Plant:Phytophthora infestans Effectors Target Host Susceptibility Factors显示文摘 | Petra C. Boevink Hazel McLellan Eleanor M. Gilroy Shaista Naqvi Qin He Lina Yang Xiaodan Wang Dionne Turnbull Miles R. Armstrong Zhendong Tian Paul R.J. Birch | 2016 | Molecular Plant2016，9，5： | 2 |
| 7 | Conversational structure and facework in arguing显示文摘 | Peter Muntigl William Turnbull | 1998 | Journal of Pragmatics1998，，3： | 2 |
| 8 | Predictive markers of endocrine response in breast cancer显示文摘Ongoing clinical and research efforts seek to optimise the use of endocrine therapy in the treatment of breast cancer. Accurate biomarkers are needed that predict response for individual patients. The presence of the estrogen receptor(ER) as the direct(for tamoxifen and fulvestrant) or indirect(for aromatase inhibitors) target molecule for endocrine therapy remains the foremost biomarker and determinant of response. However, ER expression only poorly predicts outcome and further indicators of response or resistance are required. The development and application of molecular signature assays such as Oncotype Dx, Prosigna, Mammaprint and Endopredict have provided valuable information on prognosis and these are being used to support clinical decision making on whether endocrine therapy alone alongside surgery is sufficient for ER-positive early stage breast cancers or whether combination of endocrine with chemotherapy are also warranted. Ki67, the proliferation marker, has been widely used in the neo-adjuvant(pre-operative) setting to help predict response and long term outcome. Gene expression studies within the same setting have allowed monitoring of changes of potential predictive markers. These have identified frequent changes in estrogenregulated and proliferation genes. Specific molecules such as mutant ER may also prove helpful biomarkers in predicting outcome and monitoring response to treatment. | Duniya Mosly Arran Turnbull Andrew Sims Carol Ward Simon Langdon | 2018 | World Journal of Experimental Medicine2018，8，1： | 2 |
| 9 | Cerebral inter- leukin-6 is neuroprotective during permanent focal cere bral ischemia in the rat显示文摘 | Loddick SA Turnbull AV Rothwell NJ | 1998 | J Cereb Blood Flow Metab1998，18，2： | 1 |
| 10 | The individual, Community and Sodiety, Right and Responsibilities from An Anthropological Perspective显示文摘 | Colin M ·Turnbull | 1984 | Washington and Lee Law Review1984，41，： | 1 |
| 11 | Cerebral Interleukin-6 Is Neuroprotective during Permanent Focal Cerebral Oschemia in the Rat显示文摘 | LODDICK SA TURNBULL AV ROTHWELL NJ | 1998 | J Cereb Blood Flow Metab(S0271-678X)1998，18，2： | 1 |
| 12 | Pricing derivatives on financial securities subject to credit risk显示文摘 | Jarrow R Turnbull S | 1995 | Journal of Finance1995，18，： | 1 |
| 13 | Antibodies to anthrax toxin in humans and guinea pigs and their relevance to proteetive immunity显示文摘 | Turnbull PC Leppla SH Broster MG | 1988 | Med Mierobiol Immunol (Berl)1988，177，5： | 1 |
| 14 | Hydrogen perox-ide is generated during the very early stages of aggregation of theamyloid peptides implicated in Alzheimer disease and familialBritish dementia 显示文摘 | Tabner B J Turnbull S Paleologou K E | 2005 | Journal of biological chemistry2005，280，35： | 1 |
| 15 | Impact of changes in natural ultraviolet radiation on pigment com- position, physiological and morphological characteristics of the Antarctic moss, Grimmia antarctici 显示文摘 | Robinson S A Turnbull J D Lovelock C E | 2005 | Global Change Biology2005，11，3： | 1 |
| 16 | Pricing derivatives on financial securities subject to default risk显示文摘 | JARROW R TURNBULL S | 1995 | Journal of Finance1995，50，1： | 1 |
| 17 | A structure information amorphous solid formation and interstitial solution behavior in metallic alloys systems显示文摘 | TURNBULL D | 1974 | Journal de Physics Colloques1974，35，4： | 1 |
| 18 | Formation of bulk metallic glass by fluxing显示文摘 | KUI W H GREER A L TURNBULL D | 1984 | Applied Physics Letters1984，45，6： | 1 |
| 19 | Cerebral interleukin-6 is neuroprotective during permanent focal cerebral ischemia in the rat显示文摘 | Loddick SA Turnbull AV Rothwell NJ | 1998 | J Cereb Blood Flow Metab1998，18，2： | 1 |
| 20 | Ultrasound backscatter microscope analysis of mouse melanoma progression 显示文摘 | Turnbull D H Ramsay J A Shivji G S | 1996 | Ultrasound Med Biol1996，22，7： | 1 |
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