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| 1 | Press-pack IGBTs for HVDC and FACTS显示文摘The popularity of insulated gate bipolar transistors(IGBTs)for use in high-voltage direct current(HVDC)transmission and flexible AC transmission systems(FACTS)is increasing.Unfortunately,for these applications wire-bond IGBT technology has a number of shortcomings,such as insufficient current ratings for the most powerful schemes,and inability to fail to short-circuit.Press-pack IGBT technology,conversely,offers increased current ratings,and an inherent short-circuit failure mode,making it a more attractive choice for HVDC and FACTS.However,the design and manufacture of these devices requires a comprehensive understanding of the unique technical challenges,which differ markedly from those for wirebond modules or traditional pressure contact devices.Specific challenges include providing a high degree of mechanical protection for the IGBT chip against normal operating stresses.Furthermore,it is essential to achieve uniform contact pressure across each chip surface to ensure optimum performance.To achieve this,manufacturers have designed products that use rigid copper electrodes manufactured to tighter tolerances than for other pressure contact devices,such as thyristors,and products that use compliant electrodes,incorporating spring assemblies.Dynex is in the advanced stages of development of press-pack IGBT technology with demonstrated robust solutions for the technical challenges outlined in this paper.Design success has been achieved through the use of state-of-the-art simulations in conjunction with a long history of manufacturing expertise for bipolar and IGBT products.Finally,multiple press-pack IGBT variants are currently undergoing evaluation tests prior to product release. | Robin Simpson Ashley Plumpton Michael Varley Charles Tonner Paul Taylor Xiaoping Dai | 2017 | CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems2017，3，3： | 10 |
| 2 | Bonfils纤维气管镜用于难以预料的困难气管插管的研究(英文)显示文摘目的 难以预料和失败的困难气管插管是引起麻醉并发症和麻醉病死率的重要因素。本研究探讨Bon fils纤维气管镜用于处理难以预料的困难气管插管的价值。方法 2 1例行体外循环下冠状动脉搭桥术的患者 ,经一名高年资的麻醉医生使用普通咽喉镜两次插管失败后作为研究对象。测定Bonfils纤维气管镜插管的成功率和插管时间 ,同时测定判断困难气管插管的临床指标 :甲颏距离、Mal lampti分类、张口度、寰枕关节的活动度等。结果 除外一个患者第二次插管成功外 ,第一次插管的成功率是 95 %。平均插管时间 (5 0± 2 5 )秒。 | 严敏 Peter H Tonner Jens Scholz Berthold Bein | 2004 | 中华急诊医学杂志2004，13，3： | 8 |
| 3 | 舒芬太尼复合异丙酚麻醉下体外循环冠脉搭桥术患者双频谱指数与熵指数的关系显示文摘目的评价非肌松、深麻醉状态下,双频谱指数(BIS)反映麻醉深度的准确性。方法选择ASAⅢ级的冠脉搭桥术患者59例,麻醉诱导:静脉注射异丙酚2 mg/kg、舒芬太尼1μg/kg、罗库溴铵0.6 mg/kg,术中麻醉维持采用静脉持续输注异丙酚3-4 mg·kg-1·h-1、舒芬太尼1μg·kg-1·h-1。于麻醉诱导前、麻醉诱导开始后1、2、3、4 min、气管插管后即刻、气管插管后1 min、切皮后即刻和劈胸骨后即刻记录BIS、状态熵(SE)和反映熵(RE)。结果与麻醉诱导前相比,麻醉诱导开始后1、2、3、4 min和气管插管后即刻、气管插管后1 min、切皮后即刻及劈胸骨后即刻BIS、SE和RE均下降(P<0.05)。与SE相比,RE在各观察点均升高(P<0.01)。麻醉诱导期间BIS与SE和RE各时间点观察值之间呈明显正相关,r分别为0.898、0.908(P<0.01)。结论在非肌松、深麻醉状态下,BIS对舒芬太尼复合异丙酚静脉麻醉深度的监测不受肌电活动的影响。 | 严敏 戴安卢 Berthold Bein PerterJ Tonner Jens Schloz | 2006 | 中华麻醉学杂志2006，26，10： | 8 |
| 4 | Decreased fat content and increased lean in pigs treated with antibodied to adipocytes plasma membranes显示文摘 | Kestin S Kennedy R Tonner E | 1993 | J Anim Sci1993，71，： | 1 |
| 5 | Control of mammary involution by insulin-like growth factor binding proteins:Role of prolactin显示文摘 | Flint D J Tonner E Knight C H | 2001 | Livestock Production Science2001，70，： | 1 |
| 6 | Dexmedetomidine in anaesthesia显示文摘 | Paris A Tonner PH | 2005 | Curr Opin Anaesthesiol2005，18，4： | 1 |
| 7 | Dexmedetomidine in anaesthesia 显示文摘 | Paris A Tonner P H | 2005 | Curr Opin Anaesthesiol2005，18，4： | 1 |
| 8 | Alpha2-adrenoceptor in anesthesia:a new paradigm显示文摘 | Scholz J Tonner PH | 2000 | Curt Opin Anaesthesiol2000，13，4： | 1 |
| 9 | Analgesia and sedation in intensive care medicine显示文摘 | Schaffrath E Kuhlen R Tonner PH | 2004 | Anaesthesist2004，53，11： | 1 |
| 10 | Dexmedetomidine in anaesthesia显示文摘 | Paris A Tonner PH | 2005 | Curt Opin Anaesthesiol2005，18，4： | 1 |
| 11 | Decreased fat content and increased lean in pigs treated with antibodies to adipocyte plasma membranes显示文摘 | Kennedy R Tonner E | 1993 | J Anim Sci1993，71，6： | 1 |
| 12 | Comparison of two bispectral index algorithms in monitoring sedation in postoperative intensive care patients显示文摘 | Tonner PH Wei C Bein B | 2005 | Crit Care Med2005，33，3： | 1 |
| 13 | Analgesia and sedation in intensive care medicine显示文摘 | Schaffrath E Kuhlen R Tonner PH | 2004 | Anaesthesist2004，53，11： | 1 |
| 14 | Suppression of epithelial apoptosis and delayed mammary gland involution in mice with a conditional knockout of Stat3 显示文摘 | Chapman R S Lourenco P C Tonner E | 1999 | Genes Dev1999，13，19： | 1 |
| 15 | Dexmedetomidine in anaesthesia显示文摘 | Paris A Tonner PH | 2005 | Curr OpinAnaesthesiol2005，18，4： | 1 |
| 16 | Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-5 (IGFBP-5) potentially regulates programmed cell death and plasminogen activation in the marmmary gland 显示文摘 | TONNER E ALLAN G SHKRETA L | 2000 | Adv Exp Med Biol2000，480，： | 1 |
| 17 | Comparison of two bispectral index algorithms in monitoring sedation in postoperative intensive care patients显示文摘 | Tonner H Wei C Bein B | 2005 | Crit Care Med2005，33，： | 1 |
| 18 | Dexmedetomidine in anaesthesia显示文摘 | Paris A Tonner PH | 2005 | Curr Opin Anaesthesiol2005，18，4： | 1 |
| 19 | Analgesia and sedation in intensive care medicine显示文摘 | Schaffrath E Kuhien R Tonner PH | 2004 | Anaesthesist2004，53，11： | 1 |
| 20 | The utilization of critical incident technique to examine cruise passengers' repurchase intentions 显示文摘 | Petriek J F Tonner C | 2006 | Journal of Travel Research2006，44，3： | 1 |
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