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| 1 | Exposure to herbicides reduces larval sensitivity to insecticides in Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)显示文摘Herbicides and insecticides are widely used in modern agriculture. It has been reported in various studies that application of insecticides can increase tolerance of herbivorous insects to insecticides. However, limited information exists on susceptibility to insecticides when insects are exposed to herbicides. This study was conducted to investigate the potential impact of the herbicides trifluralin and 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid sodium salt (MCPA-Na) on the susceptibility of the nocturnal moth Spodoptera litura to the insecticides X-cyhalothrin, phoxim and bifenthrin. We found that larvae exposed to trifluralin or MCPA-Na became significantly less susceptible to both insecticides than nonexposed control larvae. Herbicide-treated larvae did not show altered growth under the used test conditions. However, heads of herbicide-treated larvae showed increased expression of the acetylcholinesterase genes SI Ace I and SI Ace 2. Moreover, the fat body and midgut of herbicide-treated larvae displayed elevated expression of detoxification genes (the carboxylesterase gene SI CarE;the glutathione S-transferase genes SlGSTe2 and SlGSTe3\ the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase genes CYP6B48, CYP9A40 and CYP321B1). The CYP6B48 gene exhibited highest inducibility. In conclusion, the data of this study suggest that exposure of S. litura larvae to herbicides may stimulate detoxification mechanisms that compromise the efficacy of insecticides. | Shi-Wei Liu Mohammed Esmail Abdalla Elzaki Christian Staehelin Zhi-Hui Ma Zhong Qin Rui-Long Wang | 2019 | Insect Science2019，26，4： | 2 |
| 2 | Electrophoretic transfer of proteins from polyacrylamide gels to nitrocellulose sheets: procedure and some applications显示文摘 | Towbin H Staehelin T Gordon J | 1979 | Proc Natl Acad Sci USA1979，76，9： | 1 |
| 3 | Electrophoretic transfer of proteins from polyacrylamide gels to nitrocellulose sheets:procedure and some applications显示文摘 | Towbin H Staehelin T Gordon J | 1979 | Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A1979，76，9： | 1 |
| 4 | Electrophoretic transfer of proteins from polyacrylamide gels to nitrocellulose sheets: proce- dure and some application显示文摘 | TOWBIN H STAEHELIN T GORDON J | 1979 | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA1979，76，： | 1 |
| 5 | Fall prevention with supplemental and active forms of vi- tamin D: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials显示文摘 | Bischoff-Ferrari HA Dawson-Hughes B Staehelin HB et al | 2009 | BMJ2009，339，： | 1 |
| 6 | Decomposition of ozone in water:rate of initiation by hydroxide ions and hydrogen peroxide 显示文摘 | Staehelin J | 1982 | Environ Sci Technol1982，16，： | 1 |
| 7 | Decomposition of ozone in water in the presence of organic solutes acting as promotors and inhibitors of radical chain reactions显示文摘 | Staehelin J Hoigne J | 1985 | Environmental Science & Technology1985，19，： | 1 |
| 8 | Decomposition of ozone in water:rate of initiation by hydroxide ions and hydrogen peroxide显示文摘 | Staehelin J | 1982 | Environ Sci Technol1982，16，： | 1 |
| 9 | Modelling emission factors of road traffic from a tunnel study显示文摘 | Staehelin J Keller C Stahel W A | 1997 | Environmetrics1997，8，3： | 1 |
| 10 | Structural,biochemical and biophysical characterization of four oxygen evolving photo system preparation from spinach显示文摘 | Dunahay T G Staehelin L A Serbert M | 1984 | BBA1984，764，： | 1 |
| 11 | Fall prevention with supplemental and active forms of vitamin D:a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials显示文摘 | Bischoff-Ferrari HA Dawson-Hughes B Staehelin H B | 2009 | BMJ2009，339，： | 1 |
| 12 | Ethylene responsiveness of soybean cuhivars characterized by leaf senescence, chitinase induction and nodulation显示文摘 | Xie Z P Staehelin C Wiemken A | 1996 | Journal of Plant Physiology1996，149，6： | 1 |
| 13 | Electrophoretic transfer of proteins from polyacrylamide gels to nitrocellulose sheets: proce- dure and some applications显示文摘 | Towbin H Staehelin T Gordon J | 1979 | Proc Natl Acad Sci USA1979，76，9： | 1 |
| 14 | Structural,biochemical and biophysical characterization four oxygen-evolving photosystem preparations from spinach显示文摘 | Dunahay T G Staehelin L A Scibert M | 1984 | BBA1984，764，： | 1 |
| 15 | Immunoblotting in the clinical laboratory 显示文摘 | Towbin H Staehelin T Gordon J | 1989 | Clin Chem Clin Biochem1989，27，： | 1 |
| 16 | Modelling emission factors of road traffic from a tunel study 显示文摘 | STAEHELIN J KELLER C STAHEL W A | 1997 | Environmetrics1997，8，： | 1 |
| 17 | Decomposition of ozone in water in the presence of organic solutes acting as promoters and inhibitors of radical chain reactions 显示文摘 | STAEHELIN J HOIGNE J | 1985 | Environmental Science and Technology1985，19，12： | 1 |
| 18 | Electrophoretic transfer of proteins from polyacrylamide gels to nitrocellulose sheets: Procedure and some applications 显示文摘 | Towbin H Staehelin T Gordon J | 1979 | Proc Natl Acad Sci USA1979，76，： | 1 |
| 19 | Decomposition of ozone in water:Rate of initiation by hydroxide ions and hydrogen peroxide显示文摘 | Staehelin J Hoigne J | 1982 | Environ Sci Technol1982，16，10： | 1 |
| 20 | Functional implications of the subcellular localization of ethylene-induced chitinase and-1,3-glucanase in bean leaves显示文摘 | MAUCH F STAEHELIN L A | 1989 | The Plant Cell1989，，4： | 1 |
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