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| 1 | Colonic ulcerations may predict steroid-refractory course in patients with ipilimumab-mediated enterocolitis显示文摘AIM To investigate management of patients who develop ipilimumab-mediated enterocolitis, including association of endoscopic findings with steroid-refractory symptoms and utility of infliximab as second-line therapy.METHODS We retrospectively reviewed all patients at our centerwith metastatic melanoma who were treated with ipilimumab between March 2011 and May 2014. All patients received a standard regimen of intravenous ipilimumab 3 mg/kg every 3 wk for four doses or until therapy was stopped due to toxicity or disease progression. Basic demographic and clinical data were collected on all patients. For patients who developed grade 2 or worse diarrhea(increase of 4 bowel movements per day), additional data were collected regarding details of gastrointestinal symptoms, endoscopic findings and treatment course. Descriptive statistics were used.RESULTS A total of 114 patients were treated with ipilimumab during the study period and all were included. Sixteen patients(14%) developed ≥ grade 2 diarrhea. All patients were treated with high-dose corticosteroids(1-2 mg/kg prednisone daily or equivalent). Nine of 16 patients(56%) had ongoing diarrhea despite highdose steroids. Steroid-refractory patients received one dose of intravenous infliximab at 5 mg/kg, and all but one had brisk resolution of diarrhea. Fourteen of the patients underwent either colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy with variable endoscopic findings, ranging from mild erythema to colonic ulcers. Among 8 patients with ulcers demonstrated by sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy, 7 patients(88%) developed steroidrefractory symptoms requiring infliximab. With a median follow-up of 264 d, no major adverse events associated with prednisone or infliximab were reported.CONCLUSION In patients with ipilimumab-mediated enterocolitis, the presence of colonic ulcers on endoscopy was associated with a steroid-refractory course. | Animesh Jain Evan J Lipson William H Sharfman Steven R Brant Mark G Lazarev | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，11： | 8 |
| 2 | Antecedents of organizational slack 显示文摘 | SHARFMAN M P WOLF G CHASE R B | 1988 | Academy of Management Review1988，13，4： | 1 |
| 3 | Conceptualizing and measuring the organizational environment:a multidimensional approach显示文摘 | Dean J W | 1991 | Journal of Management1991，7，4： | 1 |
| 4 | Environmental Risk Management and the Cost of Capital 显示文摘 | Sharfman M Fernando C | 2008 | Strategic Management Journal2008，29，： | 1 |
| 5 | Ante- cedents of organizational slack 显示文摘 | Sharfman M P Wolf G Chase R B Tansik D A | 1988 | Academy of Man- agement Review1988，13，4： | 1 |
| 6 | Antecedents of organizational slack显示文摘 | Sharfman M Wolf G Chase R | 1988 | Academy of Management Re- view1988，13，4： | 1 |
| 7 | The Construct Validity of Kinder, Lydenberg & Domini Social Performance Ratings Data 显示文摘 | Sharfman M | 1996 | Journal of Business Eth- ics1996，15，3： | 1 |
| 8 | A kinetic approach to bacterial adherence to hydrocarbon显示文摘 | Lichtenberg D Rosenberg M Sharfman N | 1985 | Journal of Microbiological Methods1985，4，3： | 1 |
| 9 | Antecedents of organizational slack显示文摘 | SHARFMAN M P WOLF G CHASE R B TANSIK D A | 1988 | Academy of management review1988，13，4： | 1 |
| 10 | Conceptualizing and measuring the organizational environment:A multidimensional approach显示文摘 | DEAN J W | 1991 | Journal of Management1991，7，4： | 1 |
| 11 | Dimensions and constructs: A response to dess and rasheed显示文摘 | Sharfman M P | 1991 | Journal of Management1991，17，4： | 1 |
| 12 | Environmental Risk Management and theCost of Capital 显示文摘 | Sharfman M P Fernando C S | 2008 | Strategic Management Journal2008，29，： | 1 |
| 13 | Procedural rationality in the strategic decision making process 显示文摘 | DEAN S W SHARFMAN M P | 1993 | Journal of Man- agement Studies1993，，30： | 1 |
| 14 | Environmental Risk Management and the Cost of Capital显示文摘 | Sharfman M P Femando C S | 2008 | Strategic Management Journal2008，29，： | 1 |
| 15 | Conceptualizing and measur- ing the organizational environment: A multidimensional ap- proach显示文摘 | Sharfman M P Dean J W | 1991 | Journal of Management1991，17，4： | 1 |
| 16 | Environmental risk management and the cost of capital 显示文摘 | SHARFMAN M P FERNANDO C S | 2008 | Strategic Management Journal2008，29，6： | 1 |
| 17 | Changing Institutional Roles:The Evolution of Philanthropy, 1883-1953 显示文摘 | Sharfman Mark | 1994 | Business and Society1994，33，3： | 1 |
| 18 | Procedural Rationality in the Strategic Decision Making Process 显示文摘 | Dean J W Sharfman M P | 1993 | Journal of Manage- ment Studies1993，30，3： | 1 |
| 19 | The road to cooperative supply-chain environmental management: Trust and uncertainty among pro-active finns 显示文摘 | Sharfman M P Shaft T M Anex Jr R P | 2009 | Btlsiness Strategy and the Environment2009，18，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Antecedents of organizational slack 显示文摘 | SHARFMAN M P WOLF G CHASE R B TANSIK D A | 1988 | Academy of Management Review1988，13，4： | 1 |
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