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| 1 | Modulation of tau phosphorylation by environmental copper显示文摘Background:The transition metal copper enhances amyloidβaggregation and neurotoxicity,and in models of concomitant amyloid and tau pathology,copper also promotes tau aggregation.Since it is not clear if the effects of environmental copper upon tau pathology are dependent on the presence of pathological amyloidβ,we tested the effects of copper overload and complexing in disease models which lack pathological amyloidβ.Methods:We used cell culture and transgenic murine models to test the effects of environmental copper on tau phosphorylation.We used oral zinc acetate as a copper lowering agent in mice and examined changes in blood and brain metals through inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy.Behavioral effects of copper lowering were assessed with Morris water maze and novel object recognition tasks.Changes in tau phosphorylation were examined by phosphorylation specific antibodies on Western blots.Results:In human neuroblastoma cells,excess copper promoted tau phosphorylation and a copper complexing agent,tetrathiomolybdate,attenuated tau phosphorylation.In a transgenic mouse model expressing wild type human tau,copper-lowering by oral zinc suppressed plasma and brain levels of copper,and resulted in a marked attenuation of tau phosphorylation.No significant changes in behavior were observed with copper lowering,but a trend to improved recognition of the novel object was observed in zinc acetate treated mice.Conclusions:We propose that reduction of brain copper by blocking uptake of copper from the diet may be a viable strategy for modulating tau pathology in Alzheimer’s disease.The potential benefits of this approach are tempered by the absence of a behavioral benefit and by the health risks of excessive lowering of copper. | Kellen Voss Christopher Harris Martina Ralle Megan Duffy Charles Murchison Joseph F Quinn | 2014 | Translational Neurodegeneration2014，3，1： | 3 |
| 2 | Factors affecting the survival of mouse embryos cryopresered by vitrification显示文摘 | Rall W F | 1987 | Cryobiology1987，24，： | 2 |
| 3 | Ice-free cryopreservation of mouse embryos at -196 ℃ by vitrification显示文摘 | Rall W F Fahy G M | 1985 | Nature1985，313，： | 2 |
| 4 | Ice-free cryopreservation of mouse embryos at -196℃ by vitrification 显示文摘 | Rall W F Fahy G M | 1985 | Nature1985，313，： | 1 |
| 5 | Ice-free cryoperservation of mouse embryos at-196℃ by vitrification显示文摘 | Rall W Fahy G M | 1985 | Nature1985，313，： | 1 |
| 6 | Ice-free cryopreservation of mouse embryos at - 196C by vitrification显示文摘 | RALL W F FAHY G M | 1985 | Nature1985，313，： | 1 |
| 7 | Electrotonic length estimates in neurons with dendritic tapering or somatic shun显示文摘 | Holmes WR Rall W | 1992 | J Neurophysiol1992，68，： | 1 |
| 8 | Ice-free cryopreservation of mouse embryo sat-196℃ by vitrification显示文摘 | Rall W F Fahy G M | 1985 | Nature1985，313，： | 1 |
| 9 | Ice-free cryopreservation of mouse embryos at -196℃ by vitrification显示文摘 | Rall WF Fahy GM | 1985 | Nature1985，313，： | 1 |
| 10 | Color flow Doppler characterization of foeal hepatic lesions显示文摘 | Nino - Murcia M Ralls PW Jeffrey Jr RB | 1992 | Am J Roentgenol1992，159，： | 1 |
| 11 | Color-flow Doppler sonography in Gravesdisease: Thyroid inferno 显示文摘 | Ralls PW Magekawa DS Lee KP | 1988 | AJR1988，150，： | 1 |
| 12 | Content adaptive enhancement of multiview depth maps for free viewpoint video显示文摘 | EKMEKCIOGLU Erhan VELISAVUEVI C Vladan WOR- RALL Stewart T | 2010 | IEEE Journal in Signal Processing2010，，： | 1 |
| 13 | Copper-a 'modern' bioelement显示文摘 | KAIM W RALL J | 1996 | Angew Chem Int Ed Engl1996，35，1： | 1 |
| 14 | Ice-free cryopreservation of mouse embryos at -196 degrees C by vitrification显示文摘 | Rall WF Fahy GM | 1985 | Nature1985，313，： | 1 |
| 15 | Creative intervention in a dynamic city : a sustainability assessment of an interim use strategy for brownfieldsin Leipzig, Germany 显示文摘 | RALL E L HAASE D | 2011 | Landscape and Urban Planning2011，100，3： | 1 |
| 16 | Treatment of con- genital malformations 显示文摘 | BRUCKER SY RALL K CAMPO R | 2011 | Semin Reprod Med2011，29，2： | 1 |
| 17 | Ice-free Cryopreservation of mouse embryo at -196 C by Vitrification 显示文摘 | Rall WF Fahy GM | 1985 | Nature1985，313，： | 1 |
| 18 | Portal vein thrombosis following endoscopic variceal sclerotherapy显示文摘 | Douglas Politoske MD Philip Ralls MD Dr. Jacob Korula MD | 1996 | Digestive Diseases and Sciences1996，，1： | 1 |
| 19 | CD44 isoform expression in primary and metastaic pancreastic adenocatcinoma显示文摘 | Rustgi A K | 1995 | Cancer Res1995，55，9： | 1 |
| 20 | Combined dendritic cell and CpG oligonucleotide-based immune therapy cures large murine tumors that resist chemotherapy显示文摘 | Hecklsmiller K Beck S Rall K | 2002 | Eur J Immunol2002，32，： | 1 |
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