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| 1 | 面向21世纪的卒中新定义:美国心脏病学会和美国卒中学会声明显示文摘尽管脑血管病有着全球性影响且对其病理生理学的认识有了很多进步,但是'卒中'这一术语在临床实践、临床研究或公共卫生评估中的定义却不一致。传统的定义依据于临床,却没有考虑到科学技术的进步。美国心脏协会(AHA)和美国卒中协会(ASA)卒中分会组织了写作小组,为21世纪卒中新定义撰写专家共识性声明。中枢神经系统(CNS)梗死,指由缺血所导致的脑、脊髓或视网膜的细胞死亡,是基于持续性损害的神经病理学、神经影像学和(或)临床证据。CNS梗死表现为一个临床谱:缺血性卒中特指伴有明显症状的CNS梗死,而静息性梗死根据定义指未引起已知的症状的梗死。卒中也还包括脑出血和蛛网膜下腔出血。新定义的卒中结合了临床和组织学标准,可被用于实践、研究和公共卫生评估。 | 俞羚 董荃 宋叶平 江静雯 李卉 刘亮贤 苏爱萍 李焰生 Sacco RL Kasner SE Broderick JP Caplan LR Connors JJ Culebras A Elkind MS George MG Hamdan AD Higashida RT Hoh BL Janis LS Kase CS Kleindorfer DO Lee JM Moseley ME Peterson ED Turan TN Valderrama AL Vinters HV | 2013 | 神经病学与神经康复学杂志2013，10，2： | 188 |
| 2 | 实验性铅染毒对大鼠体内锌、钙的影响显示文摘以0、200、500、1000ppm含铅饮用水使大鼠染毒,在4、8、12周分批处死动物,取血、尿及组织分别测定铅、锌、钙等元素。结果表明,染毒200ppm动物在4周时即出现全身症状;血铅浓度随染毒剂量增加而增高;尿铅、锌、钙的排出呈平行关系,排出高峰在第4周。高尿锌导致脑、睾丸、骨、胰腺等组织锌含量降低,说明锌在铅中毒的发生机制中起重要作用。 | 李凭建 朱士雅 RO BE RT A.GO YE R | 1997 | 中国公共卫生学报1997，16，5： | 7 |
| 3 | Antibody detection and sequence analysis of sporadic HEV in Xiamen region显示文摘 | Huang RT Li XY Xia XB Yuan XT Liu MX Li DR | 1999 | World Journal of Gastroenterology1999，5，3： | 6 |
| 4 | Confocal laser endomicroscopy and immunoendoscopy for real-time assessment of vascularization in gastrointestinal malignancies显示文摘Gastrointestinal cancers represent a major cause of morbidity and mortality,with incomplete response to chemotherapy in the advanced stages and poor prognosis.Angiogenesis plays a crucial part in tumor growth and metastasis,with most gastrointestinal cancers depending strictly on the development of a new and devoted capillary network.Confocal laser endomicroscopy is a new technology which allows in vivo microscopic analysis of the gastrointestinal mucosa and its microvascularization during ongoing endoscopy by using topically or systemically administered contrast agents.Targeting markers of angiogenesis in association with confocal laser endomicroscopic examination(immunoendoscopy),as a future challenge,will add functional analysis to the morphological aspect of the neoplastic process.This review describes previous experience in endomicroscopic examination of the upper and lower digestive tract with emphasis on vascularization,resulting in a broad spectrum of potential clinical applications,and also preclinical research that could be translated to human studies. | Dan Ionut Gheonea Tatiana Crtnǎ Tudorel Ciurea Carmen Popescu Anca Bǎdǎrǎu Adrian Sǎftoiu | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，1： | 6 |
| 5 | 年龄相关性黄斑变性的脉络膜厚度评价(英文)显示文摘目的:通过光学相干断层扫描(optical coherence tomography,OCT;RTVue 100-2;V 5.1,Optovue,Fremont,CA,USA)测量比较非新生血管性与新生血管性年龄相关性黄斑变性(age-related macular degeneration,AMD)黄斑中心凹下脉络膜厚度(subfoveal choroidal thickness,SFCT),并分析脉络膜厚度(choroidal thickness,CT)对AMD新血管形成的影响。方法:本研究为回顾性、横断面研究。以单侧眼患有新生血管性AMD且对侧眼患有非新生血管性AMD的24例患者(48眼)作为研究组,选取年龄与眼轴长度相匹配的40例健康眼作为对照组。非新生血管性AMD亚组研究对象是黄斑区有玻璃疣和/或色素变化眼,而新生血管性AMD亚组研究对象是由于脉络膜新生血管而致视网膜下或视网膜内有渗出液和/或脂性渗出眼。运用OCT垂直测量外侧高反射线(视网膜色素上皮层)到脉络膜巩膜交界面间的距离。选取7个不同点进行脉络膜厚度测量,测量区域为距黄斑中心凹颞侧和鼻侧1500μm范围,测量间距为500μm。测量结果在亚组间进行统计学对比研究。结果:研究组患者平均年龄为72.4±8.97(60~82)岁,对照组受试者平均年龄为71.2±8.8(58~81)岁。新生血管性AMD组中平均SFCT明显大于非新生血管性AMD组的厚度(P<0.05)。非新生血管性AMD组中,平均SFCT与平均鼻、颞侧脉络膜厚度比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);而新生血管性AMD组中,平均SFCT与平均鼻、颞侧脉络膜厚度比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:运用OCT对脉络膜厚度进行测量,有助于理解AMD的病理生理机制。然而,仍需要大型前瞻性研究来探求新生血管性AMD中SFCT增厚的原因。 | Erkan Unsal Kadir Eltutar Ozen Ayranci Osmanbasoglu Sibel Zιrtιloglu Osman Kιzιlay Hulya Gungel | 2014 | 国际眼科杂志2014，14，9： | 4 |
| 6 | Chemotherapy plus percutaneous radiofrequency ablation in patients with inoperable colorectal liver metastases显示文摘AIM:To access the efficacy of chemotherapy plus radiofrequency ablation(RFA)as one line of treatment in inoperable colorectal liver metastases.METHODS:Eligible patients were included in three PhaseⅡstudies.In the first study percutaneous RFA was used first followed by 6 cycles of 5-fluorouracil,leucovorin and irinotecan combination(FOLFIRI)(adjunctive chemotherapy trial).In the other two,chemotherapy(FOLFIRI or 5-fluorouracil,leucovorin and oxaliplatin combination)up to 12 cycles was used first with percutaneous RFA offered to responding patients (primary chemotherapy trials).RESULTS:Thirteen patients were included in the adjunctive chemotherapy trial and 17 in the other two.At inclusion they had 1-4 liver metastases(up to 6.5 cm in size).Two patients died during chemotherapy.All patients in the adjunctive chemotherapy trial and 44%in the primary chemotherapy studies had their metastases ablated.Median PFS and overall survival in the adjunctive study were 13 and 24 mo respectively while in the primary chemotherapy studies they were 10 and 21 mo respectively.Eighty one percent of the patients had tumour relapse in at least one previously ablated lesion.CONCLUSION:Chemotherapy plus RFA in patients with low volume inoperable colorectal liver metastases seems safe and relatively effective.The high local recurrence rate is of concern. | Joseph Sgouros James Cast Krishna K Garadi Maria Belechri David J Breen John RT Monson Anthony Maraveyas | 2011 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2011，3，4： | 4 |
| 7 | 意识清醒成人的宽QRS心动过速:室性心动过速是最常见的…显示文摘 | Stei.,RT 周燕芳 | 1989 | 美国医学会杂志(中文版)1989，8，5： | 3 |
| 8 | Cancer statistics, 2000显示文摘 | Greenlee RT Murray T Bolden S | 2000 | CA CancerJ Clin2000，50，1： | 3 |
| 9 | 血管成形术和支架辅助血管成形术治疗颅内动脉粥样硬化的报告标准(上)显示文摘本刊经Philip M.Meyers博士代表写作组授权将'Reporting standards forangioplasty and stent-assisted angioplasty for intracranial atherosclerosis'译为中文在本刊刊登。标准中对患者的选择、颅内动脉狭窄程度判断、最佳内科治疗、围手术期处理、血管内治疗、术后并发症等进行规范化总结,拟为今后的临床试验和研究的规范化确定标准,对神经介入医师具有重要的指导意义。 | Schumacher HC Meyers PM Higashida RT Derdeyn CP Lavine SD Nesbit GM Sacks D Rasmussen P Wechsler LR 曹亦斌(译) | 2010 | 中国脑血管病杂志2010，7，1： | 3 |
| 10 | 血管成形术和支架辅助血管成形术治疗颅内动脉粥样硬化的报告标准(下)显示文摘本刊经Philip M.Meyers博士代表写作组授权,将'Reporting standards forangioplasty and stent-assisted angioplasty for intracranial atherosclerosis'译为中文在本刊刊登。标准中对患者的选择、颅内动脉狭窄程度的判断、最佳内科治疗、围手术期处理、血管内治疗、术后并发症等,进行了规范化总结,拟为今后的临床试验和研究的规范化确定标准,以保证结果的可比性,对神经介入医师具有重要的指导意义。 | Schumacher HC Meyers PM Higashida RT Derdeyn CP Lavine SD Nesbit GM Sacks D Rasmussen P Wechsler LR 曹亦斌(译) | 2010 | 中国脑血管病杂志2010，7，2： | 2 |
| 11 | 英国数字战略显示文摘英国文化、媒体与体育部门(Department for Culture,Media & Sport)于2017年3月1日发布了最新的英国数字战略(UK Digital Strategy)。这一战略同时也是深入学习和培训(Further education and training)、研究和发展(Research and development)、宽带投资(Broadband investment)、英国经济发展(UK economic growth)这四个政策的组成部分。该战略认为,政府应该紧跟数字经济快速发展的步伐。英国为了实现从数据发展到世界领先的服务于全民众的数字经济,需要从数字基础设施、技能与包容性、数字行业、数字企业、网络空间、数字政府、数字经济这7个方面来发展实现,颇具借鉴和参考价值。这里将该战略的主要部分译出,供读者参考。 | The Rt Hon Karen Bradley MP 明欣 安小米 | 2017 | 办公自动化2017，0，7： | 2 |
| 12 | 肺动脉高压患者的负荷适应性显示文摘已知右心室对压力超负荷的适应是肺动脉高压(pulmonary arterial hypertension,PAH)患者预后的主要影响因素。为了评估右心室适应和负荷之间的关系,然后比较PAH中不同负荷适应性指数的预后价值,Amsallem及其同事纳入推导队列(n=85)和验证队列(n=200),使用3种方法评估负荷适应性:①脑室动脉耦合的替代物(例如右心室面积变化/收缩末期面积); | 刘莉 叶鹏 Amsallem M Boulate D Aymami M Guihaire J Selej M Huo J Denault AY McConnell MV Schnittger I Fadel E Mercier O Zamanian RT Haddad F | 2017 | 中华高血压杂志2017，25，8： | 2 |
| 13 | Cancer statistics, ,2000显示文摘 | Greenlee RT Murray T Bolden S Wingo PA | | 0，，： | 2 |
| 14 | PROACT:aphase randomized trial of recombinant pro-urokinase by direct arterial delivery in acute middle cerebral artery stroke显示文摘 | Del Zoppo GJ Higashida RT Furlan AJ | 1998 | Stroke1998，29，： | 2 |
| 15 | 高密度脂蛋白对冠状动脉疾病的临床意义显示文摘冠状动脉疾病常常是由于冠状动脉壁脂肪沉积使得动脉硬化而引起。动脉壁的脂肪沉积引起了周围纤维组织生成从而形成斑块使管腔狭窄而阻塞血流。如果有50%以上的血流受阻就会危及生命。冠状动脉疾病在加拿大是一个主要的死亡原因。这是饮食、生活方式、遗传和医学诸因素复杂的相互影响的结果。已证实的若干危险因素包括吸烟、嗜酒、高血压、遗传缺陷(低d-脂蛋白血症)、高脂血症、碳水化合物和脂肪摄入过多、年龄、性别、种族、糖尿病、肥胖、以及使用类固醇和β-肾上腺素能阻滞药物等。 | RT Susanna Hc 薛建中 | 1993 | 国外医学(临床生物化学与检验学分册)1993，14，2： | 2 |
| 16 | FBC中含S和Cl煤燃烧下的碳钢退化研究显示文摘在实验室规模的流化床 (FBC)中分别燃烧低S(0 97mass% )与低Cl(0 0 2 6mass% ) ,中S(1 6 8mass% )与高Cl(0 4 2mass % ) ,高S(4 4 8mass% )与高Cl(0 4 1mass% )三种煤各 10 0 0小时后 ,对放置于接近沸腾床位置的A2 10 -C碳钢管的退化情况进行了研究 .结果表明 ,(1)碳钢退化明显受温度影响 ,随表面温度的升高显著加快 ;(2 )碳钢退化明显受飞行粒子带来的冲蚀影响 ;(3)燃烧低S低Cl煤对碳钢的耗损影响最小 ,而燃烧高S高Cl煤对碳钢耗损影响最大 .同时根据对腐蚀产物的观测分析 。 | 彭晓 WP Pan RT Riley | 2003 | 腐蚀科学与防护技术2003，15，3： | 2 |
| 17 | Reproductive Biology and Prospects for Conservation of Caldesia parnassifolia (Alismataceae)——A Threatened Monocot in China显示文摘Caldesia parnassifolia (Bassi ex Linn.) Parl. in China has declined in number in r ecent years and is increasingly faced with the risk of extirpation arising from anthropogenic changes associated with rapid urbanization and expansion of both agriculture and infrastructure. To aid in provision of the data needed for effective conservation of the species, studies on the habitat, pollination ecology, and breeding system of C. parnassifolia were carried out on natural populations occurring in Southeastern China. Flowering in the study populations extended for more than eighty days beginning in early summer. Floral anthesis occurred in the morning hours and proceeded rapidly, lasting about 45 min. Flowers lasted ca. 8 h. Caldesia parnassifolia is self\|compatible; however autogamy resulted in lower seed set than geitonogamy and xenogamy as well as free pollination. The data on pollen/ ovule (P∶O) ratio is consistent with a partially selfing and outcrossing mating system. Interpopulational crosses yielded similar seed set to within\|population crosses. Agamospermy did not occur in the study populations. Propagation is achieved through seeds as well as through turions which commonly occur in the inflorescences. Flies (Insecta; Diptera) were the most frequent visitors to the flowers of C. parnassifolia; however bees (Insecta; Hymenoptera) composed a larger proportion of effective pollinators. The Syrphidae species Sphaerophoria indiana (Bigot) presents evidence of oligolectic foraging behavior. Recommendations are made on the immediate steps necessary for conservation of Caldesia species in China. | Gituru Wahiti Robe rt, Wang Qing\|feng , Wang Yong, Guo You\|hao Colleg e of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China | 2003 | Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences2003，8，01A： | 2 |
| 18 | 药剂师处方改善社区居民血压的随机试验:Alberta改善高血压临床试验显示文摘高血压控制率高居不下。执业药师的临床作用不断扩大,其在改善社区高血压治疗方面可能有较大帮助。该研究旨在确定药剂师处方对社区居住患者血压控制的影响。方法:研究人员进行随机对照试验,通过Alberta省23个社区药店、医院或基层医疗小组,纳入血压高于目标血压的成年患者。 | 刘莉 叶鹏 Tsuyuki RT Houle SK Charrois TL Kolber MR Rosenthal MM Lewanczuk R Campbell NR Cooney D McAlister FA | 2015 | 中华高血压杂志2015，23，7： | 2 |
| 19 | Prognostic significance of right ventricular hypokinesis and perfusion lung scan defects in pulmonary embolism 显示文摘 | Wolfe MW Lee RT Feldstein ML | 1994 | Am Heart J1994，127，5： | 1 |
| 20 | Cloning and sequencing of cDNAs encoding the human sperm protein, Sp17 显示文摘 | Lea IA Richardson RT Widgren EE | 1996 | Biochim Biophys Acta1996，1307，3： | 1 |
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