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| 1 | 虚拟货币及其扩展:初步思考显示文摘随着信息加密和网络计算机技术日趋成熟,科技正在推动全球经济的转型变革。虚拟货币的产生在此过程中又显得至关重要。虚拟货币方案在许多情况下便于对等网络交互绕过传统的中央结算所。虚拟货币及其关联技术(特别是基于区块链的分布式账本)正在迅速发展,其未来前景难以预测。虚拟货币带来了许多潜在益处,包括更快速、高效的支付和转账等,并将最终促进普惠金融。一些虚拟货币方案背后的分布式账本技术提供的潜在益处将远超虚拟货币本身。但是,虚拟货币的出现也引发了许多潜在风险,如成为洗钱、恐怖融资、偷税漏税和欺诈等犯罪的工具。虚拟货币虽然目前的规模仍非常有限,对现阶段货币政策实施产生的风险亦甚微,但随着新技术的广泛应用,其对金融稳定产生的影响会日益显现。有关虚拟货币的有效监管对策还处于起步阶段。虚拟货币的在国家层面跨越了不同机构的职责,并在全球范围内操作,其监管难度很大。并且,许多虚拟货币在传统金融系统之外运作,缺乏透明度,其操作过程更难以被监管。各国监管机构已开始着手应对这些挑战且方式各异。需要注意的是,国家主管部门需认真权衡监管方式,既要适当处置风险又不能扼杀创新。为了在国家层面推进发展进程和促进政策的完善,国际层面也应进行更多努力。随着经验的不断积累,可考虑提出国际标准和最优方法,为不同领域的最优监管对策提供指导,从而促进跨辖区的协调。也可在此类标准基础上,为一些领域设立跨国合作和协调的框架。 | 何东 卡尔·哈伯梅尔 罗斯·莱科 郭建伟 郇志坚 Vikram Haksar Yasmin Almeida Mikari Kashima Nadim Kyriakos-Saad Hiroko Oura Tahsin Saadi Sedik Natalia Stetsenko Concepcion Verdugo.Yepes | 2016 | 金融监管研究2016，，4： | 22 |
| 2 | Diabetes mellitus and metformin in hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Diabetes mellitus, a risk factor for cancer, is also globally endemic. The clinical link between these two diseases has been the subject of investigation for a century, and diabetes mellitus has been established as a risk factor for HCC. Accordingly, metformin, a first-line oral anti-diabetic, was first proposed as a candidate anti-cancer agent in 2005 in a cohort study in Scotland. Several subsequent large cohort studies and randomized controlled trials have not demonstrated significant efficacy for metformin in suppressing HCC incidence and mortality in diabetic patients; however, two recent randomized controlled trials have reported positive data for the tumor-preventive potential of metformin in non-diabetic subjects. The search for biological links between cancer and diabetes has revealed intracellular pathways that are shared by cancer and diabetes. The signal transduction mechanisms by which metformin suppresses carcinogenesis in cell lines or xenograft tissues and improves chemoresistance in cancer stem cells have also been elucidated. This review addresses the clinical and biological links between HCC and diabetes mellitus and the anti-cancer activity of metformin in clinical studies and basic experiments. | Koji Fujita Hisakazu Iwama Hisaaki Miyoshi Joji Tani Kyoko Oura Tomoko Tadokoro Teppei Sakamoto Takako Nomura Asahiro Morishita Hirohito Yoneyama Tsutomu Masaki | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，27： | 7 |
| 3 | Application of real-time RT-PCR quantification to evaluate differential expression of Arabidopsis Aux/IAA genes显示文摘The molecular techniques including Northern blot, dot blot, in situ hybridization, etc. have been successfully used to estimate semi-quantitatively mRNA levels in plant samples. In this study, we employed a real-time reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) assay using SYBR Green I fluorescence methodology to evaluate accurate quantitation and sequence specific detection of Aux/IAA mRNA levels in Arabidopsis. Results obtained indicate a linear dynamic range of 102-106 Aux/IAA mRNA copies with standard deviations of generally less than 15%. As a model experiment, the outcome of analysis of expression patterns of five Aux/IAA genes in Arabidopsis under various chemical and temperature treatments is presented. The method presented here provides a sensitive and rapid technique to evaluate plant Aux/IAA mRNA expression levels in nanogram order. | LIU Jinyuan Chiharu Oura Evalour T.Aspuria Yutaka Oono Hirofumi Uchimiya | 2001 | Chinese Science Bulletin2001，46，19： | 2 |
| 4 | Effects of substitution with foreign metals on the crystallographic, thermodynamic and electrochemical properties of AB5 type hydrogen storage alloys 显示文摘 | IWA KURAC OURA T INOUE H | 1996 | Electrochim Acta1996，41，1： | 1 |
| 5 | Thrombospondin1 selectively inhibits early-stage carcinogenesis and angiogenesis but not tumor lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis in transgenic mice显示文摘 | Hawighorst T Oura H Streit M | 2002 | Oncogene2002，21，52： | 1 |
| 6 | Stimulation of lipid and sugar metabolism in ginsenoside Rb2 treated rats 显示文摘 | Yokozawa T Kobayashi T Oura H | 1984 | Chem Pharm Bull1984，32，7： | 1 |
| 7 | Improvement of reliability for moving electrode type electrostatic precipitator显示文摘 | MISAKA T OURA T YAMAZAKI M | 2006 | ICESP X2006，5，32： | 1 |
| 8 | Animal model of adenine-induced chronic renal failure in rats 显示文摘 | Yokozawa T Zheng P Oura H | 1986 | Nephron1986，44，23： | 1 |
| 9 | Effects of Spilled Oil on Microbial Communities in a Tidal Flat 显示文摘 | KATAYAMA Y OURA T IIZUKA M | 2003 | Marine Pollution Bulletin2003，47，16： | 1 |
| 10 | Thrombospondin-1 selectively inhibits early-stage carcinogenesis and angiogenesis but not tumor lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis in transgenic miee显示文摘 | Hawighorst T Oura H Streit M | 2002 | Oncogene2002，，21： | 1 |
| 11 | Arteryanatomy and tor-tuosityinthedistalfinger显示文摘 | Smith DO Oura C Kimura C | 1991 | J Hand Surg Am1991，16，2： | 1 |
| 12 | Identification of an ovarian clear cell carcinoma gene signature that reflects inherent disease biology and the carcinogenic processes显示文摘 | Yamaguchi K Mandai M Oura T et a/ | 2010 | Oncogene2010，29，12： | 1 |
| 13 | Anemial model of adenineinduced chronic renal failure in rats 显示文摘 | YOKOZAWA T ZHENG P D OURA H | 1986 | Nephron1986，44，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Effect of escin on adrenocorticotropin and corticostarone levels in rat plasma显示文摘 | Hiai S Yokoyama H Oura H | 1981 | Chem Pharm Bull1981，29，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Effect of escin on adrenocorticotropin and Cortisone levels in rat plasma 显示文摘 | Hiai S Yokoyama H Oura H | 1981 | Chem Pharm Bull1981，29，2： | 1 |
| 16 | L-type amino acid transporter- 1 expressed in human astrocytomas, U343MGa显示文摘 | Asano S Kameyama M Oura A | 2007 | Biol Pharm Bull2007，30，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Ursolic acid inhibits aflatoxin B1-induced mutagenicity in a Salmonella assay system显示文摘 | Young HS Chung HY Lee CK Park KY Yokozawa T Oura H | 1994 | Biol Pharm Bull1994，17，7： | 1 |
| 18 | A case of granulomatousmastitis mimicking breast carcinoma 显示文摘 | Sakurai T Oura S Tanino H | 2002 | Breast Cancer2002，9，3： | 1 |
| 19 | Increased expression of integrin alpha3betal in highly brain metastatic subelone of a human non-small cell lung cancer cell line显示文摘 | Yoshimasu T Sakurai T Oura S Hirai I Tanino H Kokawa Y | 2004 | Cancer Sci2004，95，： | 1 |
| 20 | Purification and characterization of NAD+-dependent sorbitol dehydrogenase from Japanese pear fruit显示文摘 | OURA Y | 2000 | Phytochemistry2000，54，： | 1 |
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