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| 1 | Oil-bearing fluid inclusions from the Palaeoproterozoic:A review of biogeochemical results from time-capsules >2.0 Ga old显示文摘The observation of oil inclusions trapped prior to 2.0 Ga in Palaeoproterozoic rocks and the ability to obtain detailed molecular geochemical information from them provide a robust way for understanding the early biogeochemical evolution of the Earth. Oil-bearing fluid inclusions (FI) in ca. 2.45 Ga fluvial metaconglomerate of the Matinenda Formation at Elliot Lake, Canada were trapped in quartz and feldspar during diagenesis and early metamorphism of the host rock, probably before ca. 2.2 Ga. The 2.1 Ga FA Formation sandstone of the Franceville Basin in Gabon that hosts the Oklo natural fission reactors has also been discovered to contain abundant Palaeoproterozoic oil-bearing FIs. This oil occurs within H2O and CO2-dominated inclusions trapped in syntaxial quartz overgrowths and intragranular and transgranular microfractures in detrital quartz, and was most likely trapped 2.1-1.98 Ga. Molecular geochemical analyses of both FI oils reveal a wide range of compounds, including n-alkanes, isoprenoids, monomethylalkanes, aromatic hydrocarbons, and trace amounts of complex multi-ring biomarkers including terpanes, hopanes, methylhopanes, steranes and diasteranes. To ensure a reliable interpretation of oil inclusions, a comprehensive series of outside-rinse blanks and procedural system blanks was analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; quantitative amounts of the hydrocarbons in these blanks were compared to the FI extracts, so as to provide confidence limits on the experimental integrity of each compound class. Maturity ratios based on reliably detected compound classes show that the FI oils were generated in the oil window, with no evidence of extensive thermal cracking. The presence of biomarkers for cyanobacteria and eukaryotes derived from and trapped in rocks deposited prior to 2.0 Ga is consistent with early evolution of oxygenic photosynthesis and suggests that some aquatic settings had become sufficiently oxygenated for sterol biosynthesis by this time. The extraction of biomarker molecules from Palaeoproterozoic oil-bearing FIs thus establishes a new method, using low detection limits and system blank levels, to trace evolution through Earth's early history that avoids the potential contamination problems affecting shale-hosted hydrocarbons. | Simon C. GEORGE Adriana DUTKIEWICZ Herbert VOLK John RIDLEY David J. MOSSMAN Roger BUICK | 2009 | Science China Earth Sciences2009，52，1： | 3 |
| 2 | Cutting edge:FimH adhesin of type 1 fimbriae is a novel TLR4 ligand显示文摘 | Mossman K L Mian M F Lauzon N M | 2008 | J Immunol2008，81，10： | 1 |
| 3 | Rapid colorimetric assay for cell growth and survival : application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays 显示文摘 | Mossman T | 1983 | Journal of Immunological Methods1983，65，： | 1 |
| 4 | Exposure to cigarette smoke suppresses IL-15 generation and its regulatory NK cell functions in poly Ⅰ:C-augmented human PBMCs显示文摘 | Mian MF Pek EA Mossman KL | 2009 | Mol Immunol2009，46，15： | 1 |
| 5 | Rapid Colorimetric Assay for Cellular Growth and Survival: Application to Proliferation and Cytotoxicity Assays显示文摘 | Mossman T | 1983 | Journal of Immunologi- cal Methods1983，65，12： | 1 |
| 6 | Oxidants and signaling by mitogen-activated protein kinases in lung epithelium显示文摘 | Mossman BT Lounsbury KM Reddy SP | 2006 | Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol2006，34，6： | 1 |
| 7 | Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival:Application to proliferation and cytotoxic assays显示文摘 | Mossman T | 1983 | J Immunol Methods1983，65，12： | 1 |
| 8 | Myasthenia gravis without acetylcholine-receptor antibody: a distinct disease entity显示文摘 | MOSSMAN S VINCENT A NEWSOM-DAVIS J | 1986 | Lancet1986，1，8473： | 1 |
| 9 | Role and regulation of activator protein-1 intoxicant-induced responses of the lung显示文摘 | Reddy SP Mossman BT | 2002 | Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol2002，283，6： | 1 |
| 10 | Effects of landscape composition and wetland fragmentation on frog and toad abundance and species richness in Iowa and Wisconsin,USA显示文摘 | Knutson MG Sauer JR Olsen DA Mossman MJ Hemesath LM Lannoo MJ | 1999 | Conservation Biology1999，13，： | 1 |
| 11 | Hydrolysis of inositol phospholipids precedes cellular proliferation in asbestos-stimulated tracheobronchial epithelial cells显示文摘 | SESKO A CABOT M MOSSMAN B | 1990 | Proc Natl Acad Sci USA1990，87，19： | 1 |
| 12 | Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays 显示文摘 | | 1983 | J Immunol Methods1983，65，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Effects of aramid, a high strength synthetic fiber, on respiratory cells in vitro显示文摘 | MARSH J P MOSSMAN B T DRISCOLL K E | 1994 | Drug Chem Toxicol1994，17，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Hydrothermal alteration of organic matter in uranium ores, Elliot Lake, Canada: Implications for selected organic-rich deposits 显示文摘 | Mossman D J Bartholomew N Davis D W | 1992 | Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta1992，57，： | 1 |
| 15 | Rapid clolrimetric assay for cellular growth and survial:application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays 显示文摘 | Mossman T | 1983 | J Immunol Methods1983，65，： | 1 |
| 16 | Asbestos - related diseases 显示文摘 | Mossman BT Gee JBL | 1989 | N Engl J Med1989，320，： | 1 |
| 17 | Myasthenia gravis without acetylcholine-receptor antibody: a distinct disease entity显示文摘 | Mossman S Vincent A Newsom-Davis J | 1986 | Lancet1986，1，： | 1 |
| 18 | Long-term effects of radiotherapy on taste and salivary function in man 显示文摘 | Mossman K Shatzman A Chencharick J | 1982 | Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys1982，8，6： | 1 |
| 19 | Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: application to proliferation and cytotoxocity assays显示文摘 | Mossman T | 1983 | J Immunol Method1983，65，： | 1 |
| 20 | Alloreactive murine CD8^+ T cell clones secrete the Thl pattern of cytokines 显示文摘 | Fong T A Mossman T R | 1990 | Immunol1990，144，5： | 1 |
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