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| 1 | Placental accommodations for transport and metabolism during intra-uterine crowding in pigs显示文摘Litter size and birth weights are limited by uterine capacity, defined as the ability of the uterus to maintain the appropriate development of some number of conceptuses. Uterine capacity is the result of the combined effects of uterine, placental and embryo/fetal function. The number of living conceptuses that the uterus is capable of supporting is greater during early gestation compared to later gestation. Plots of log fetal weight versus log placental weight also indicate that fetal weights are less sensitive to reduced placental weight(and therefore reduced intrauterine space) in early gestation compared to late gestation. However, even in late gestation,mechanisms still exist that maintain fetal growth when the size of the placenta is reduced. One such mechanism is likely to be improved development of the folded placental-epithelial/maternal-epithelial bilayer. Fold depth, and therefore the maternal fetal interactive surface, increases as gestation advances and is greater in placenta from small fetuses. On the fetal side of the placenta, the epithelial bilayer is embedded in stromal tissue. Glycosaminoglycans are major components of stroma, including hyaluronan and heparan sulfate. Hyaluronidases and heparanases are present within placental tissues, and likely play roles in modification of stromal components to facilitate fold development. Glycosaminoglycans are polymers of forms of glucose(glucosamine, glucuronic acid, iduronic acid)suggesting that glycosaminoglycan synthesis may compete with the glucose needs of the developing fetus.Pig conceptuses are fructogenic, such that a substantial portion of glucose transferred from mother to fetus is converted to fructose. Fructose is an intermediate product in the synthesis of glucosamine from glucose, and glucosamine is linked to regulation of trophoblast cell proliferation through regulation of m TOR. These findings suggest a link between glucose, fructose, glucosamine synthesis, GAG production, and placental morphogenesis,but the details of these interactions remain unclear. In addition, recent placental epithelial transcriptome analysis identified several glucose, amino acid, lipid, vitamin, mineral and hormone transporter mechanisms within the placenta. Further elucidation of mechanisms of placental morphogenesis and solute transport could provide clues to improving nutrient transport to the pig fetus, potentially increasing litter size and piglet birth weights. | Jeffrey L Vallet Anthony K Mc Neel Jeremy R Miles Bradley A Freking | 2015 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2015，6，2： | 5 |
| 2 | Apical tomography and modulation of ICAM-1 expression on activated endothelium显示文摘 | Almenar QA Duperray A Miles LA | 1995 | Am J Pathol1995，147，5： | 2 |
| 3 | Melatonin: perspectives in laboratory medicine and clinical research 显示文摘 | Miles A Philbrick D | 1978 | Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci1978，25，3： | 1 |
| 4 | CT staging of renal carcinoma:a prospective comparison of three dynamic computed tomography techniques显示文摘 | Miles K A London N J M Lavelle J M | 1991 | Eur J Radiol1991，13，7： | 1 |
| 5 | Failure of femoral head fixation:a cadaveric analysis of lag screw cut-out with the gamma locking nail and AO dynamic hip screw显示文摘 | Haynes R C Poll R G Miles A W | | 0，，5： | 1 |
| 6 | Pumilio facilitates miRNA reg- ulation of the E2F3 oncogene显示文摘 | Miles WO Tschtip K Herr A | 2012 | Genes Dev2012，26，4： | 1 |
| 7 | HPLC analysis of reduced and oxidized coenzyme QlO in plasma by a single dilution step 显示文摘 | TANG H R MILES V M DEGRAUW A | 2001 | Clin Chern2001，47，： | 1 |
| 8 | Thedirect release of nitric oxide by Gypenoside derived from theHerb Gynostemma pentaphyllum显示文摘 | Miles A Tanner Xin Bu J Alan Steimle P R Myers | 1999 | Biology and Chemis-try1999，3，5： | 1 |
| 9 | Coenzyme QIO ehanges-are associated with metabolic syndrome显示文摘 | Miles M V Morrison J A Horn P S | 2004 | Clinica Chimica Acta2004，344，12： | 1 |
| 10 | Perfusion C T: a worthwhile enhance- ment 显示文摘 | Miles K A Griffiths M R | 2003 | Br J Radio12003，76，904： | 1 |
| 11 | Currency Substitution, Flexible Exchange Rates, and Monetary Independence 显示文摘 | MILES M A | 1978 | American Economic Re- view1978，68，5： | 1 |
| 12 | Functional computed tomography in oncology显示文摘 | Miles K A | 2002 | Eur J Cancer2002，38，16： | 1 |
| 13 | Developing Stakeholder Theory 显示文摘 | Friedman A L Miles S | 2002 | Journal of Management Sudies2002，39，1： | 1 |
| 14 | Perfusion CT: a worthwhile enhancement显示文摘 | Miles K A Griffiths M R | 2003 | Br J Radiol2003，76，2： | 1 |
| 15 | Blood leukocyte glutamine fluctuations after eccentric exercise显示文摘 | NANKAM R J HACKNEY A C, | 1999 | Int J Sports1999，20，6： | 1 |
| 16 | Advances in molecular marker techniques and their applications in plant sciences显示文摘 | Milee A Neeta S Harish P | 2008 | Plant Cell Reports2008，27，： | 1 |
| 17 | Measurement of tissue perfusion by dy namic computed tomography 显示文摘 | MILES K A | 1991 | Br J Radiol1991，64，： | 1 |
| 18 | Coenzyme QIO ehanges-are associated with metabolic syndrome显示文摘 | Miles M V Morrison J A Horn P S | 2004 | Clinica Chimica Acta2004，344，12： | 1 |
| 19 | Hydrogen peroxide production by Mycoplasma bovis and Mycoplasma agalactiae and effect of in vitro passage on a Mycoplasma bovis strain producing high levels of hydrogen peroxides 显示文摘 | Khan L A Miles R J Nicholas R A | 2005 | Vet Res2005，29，： | 1 |
| 20 | Functional computed tomography in oncology显示文摘 | Miles K A | 2002 | Eur J Cancer2002，38，10： | 1 |
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