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| 1 | Role of LPS/CD14/TLR4-mediated inflammation in necrotizing enterocolitis:Pathogenesis and therapeutic implications显示文摘AIM:To establish the roles of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/CD14/toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated inflammation in a rat model of human necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC).METHODS: Six pairs of intestinal samples from human NEC were collected before and after recovery for histological and molecular analysis of inflammatory cytokines and signaling components. In the rat NEC model, we isolated 10-cm jejunum segments and divided them into six groups (n=6) for sham operation, treatment with LPS, bowel distension, combined bowel distension and LPS stimulation, and two therapeutic groups. The potential eff icacy of a recombinant CD18 peptide and a monoclonal CD14 antibody was evaluated in the latter two groups. The serum and tissue levels of several inflammatory mediators were quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction, ELISA and immunoblotting.RESULTS: Human acute phase NEC tissues displayed significant increases (P<0.05) in levels of TLR4, CD14, myeloid differentiation protein (MD)-2, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and nuclear factor-κB when compared to those after recovery. The histological and inflammatory picture of human NEC was reproduced in rats that were treated with combined bowel distension and LPS, but not in the sham-operated and other control rats. Serum levels of interleukin-6 and TNF-α were also elevated. The NEC pathology was attenuated by treating the NEC rats with a monoclonal CD14 antibody or an LPS-neutralizing peptide.CONCLUSION:LPS and distension are required to produce the histological and inflammatory features of NEC. A potential treatment option is blocking LPS activation and leukocyte infi ltration. | Kwong L Chan Kwong F Wong John M Luk | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，38： | 17 |
| 2 | Response to endoscopic therapy for biliary anastomotic strictures in deceased versus living donor liver transplantation显示文摘BACKGROUND:Endoscopic therapy has been successful in the management of biliary complications after both deceased donor liver transplantation(DDLT) and living donor liver transplantation(LDLT).LDLT is thought to be associated with higher rates of biliary complications,but there are few studies comparing the success of endoscopic management of anastomotic strictures between the two groups.This study aims to compare our experience in the endoscopic management of anastomotic strictures in DDLT versus LDLT.METHODS:This is a retrospective database review of all liver transplant patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) after liver transplantation.The frequency of anastomotic stricture and the time to develop and to resolve anastomotic stricture were compared between DDLT and LDLT.The response of anastomotic stricture to endoscopic therapy was also analyzed.RESULTS:A total of 362 patients underwent liver transplantation between 2003 and 2011,with 125 requiring ERCP to manage biliary complications.Thirty-three(9.9%) cases of DDLT and 8(27.6%) of LDLT(P=0.01) were found to have anastomotic stricture.When comparing DDLT and LDLT,there was no difference in the mean time to the development of anastomotic strictures(98±17 vs 172±65 days,P=0.11),likelihood of response to ERCP [22(66.7%) vs 6(75.0%),P=0.69],mean time to the resolution of anastomotic strictures(268±77 vs 125±37 days,P=0.34),and the number of ERCPs required to achieve resolution(3.9±0.4 vs 4.7±0.9,P=0.38).CONCLUSIONS:Endoscopic therapy is effective in the majority of biliary complications relating to liver transplantation.Anastomotic strictures occur more frequently in LDLT compared with DDLT,with equivalent endoscopic treatment response and outcomes for both groups. | Calvin HY Chan Fergal Donnellan Michael F Byrne Alan Coss Mazhar Haque Holly Wiesenger Charles H Scudamore Urs P Steinbrecher Alan A Weiss Eric M Yoshida | 2013 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2013，12，5： | 7 |
| 3 | Comparative effectiveness of i-SCAN^(TM) and high-definition white light characterizing small colonic polyps显示文摘AIM:To evaluate accuracy of in vivo diagnosis of adenomatous vs non-adenomatous polyps using i-SCAN digital chromoendoscopy compared with high-definition white light.METHODS:This is a single-center comparative effectiveness pilot study.Polyps(n = 103) from 75 averagerisk adult outpatients undergoing screening or surveillance colonoscopy between December 1,2010 and April 1,2011 were evaluated by two participating endoscopists in an academic outpatient endoscopy center.Polyps were evaluated both with high-definition white light and with i-SCAN to make an in vivo prediction of adenomatous vs non-adenomatous pathology.We determined diagnostic characteristics of i-SCAN and highdefinition white light,including sensitivity,specificity,and accuracy,with regards to identifying adenomatous vs non-adenomatous polyps.Histopathologic diagnosis was the gold standard comparison.RESULTS:One hundred and three small polyps,detected from forty-three patients,were included in the analysis.The average size of the polyps evaluated in the analysis was 3.7 mm(SD 1.3 mm,range 2 mm to 8 mm).Formal histopathology revealed that 54/103(52.4%) were adenomas,26/103(25.2%) were hyperplastic,and 23/103(22.3%) were other diagnoses include 'lymphoid aggregates','non-specific colitis,' and 'no pathologic diagnosis.' Overall,the combined accuracy of endoscopists for predicting adenomas was identical between i-SCAN(71.8%,95%CI:62.1%-80.3%) and high-definition white light(71.8%,95%CI:62.1%-80.3%).However,the accuracy of each endoscopist differed substantially,where endoscopist A demonstrated 63.0% overall accuracy(95%CI:50.9%-74.0%) as compared with endoscopist B demonstrating 93.3% overall accuracy(95%CI:77.9%-99.2%),irrespective of imaging modality.Neither endoscopist demonstrated a significant learning effect with i-SCAN during the study.Though endoscopist A increased accuracy using i-SCAN from 59%(95%CI:42.1%-74.4%) in the first half to 67.6%(95%CI:49.5%-82.6%) in the second half,and endoscopist B decreased accuracy using i-SCAN from 100%(95%CI:80.5%-100.0%) in the first half to 84.6%(95%CI:54.6%-98.1%) in the second half,neither of these differences were statistically significant.CONCLUSION:i-SCAN and high-definition white light had similar efficacy predicting polyp histology.Endoscopist training likely plays a critical role in diagnostic test characteristics and deserves further study. | Johanna L Chan Li Lin Michael Feiler Andrew I Wolf Diana M Cardona Ziad F Gellad | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，41： | 3 |
| 4 | Mature T-lymphocyte apoptosis--immune regulation in a dynamic and unpredictable antigenic environment显示文摘 | LENARDO M CHAN K M HORNUNG F | 1999 | Annu Rev Immunol1999，17，： | 1 |
| 5 | Plasma treatments of indium tin oxide anodes in carbon tetrafluorinde( CF4 )/oxygen( 02 )to im- prove the performance of organic light-emitting diodes显示文摘 | CHAN I M HONG F C | 2003 | Thin Solid Films2003，444，： | 1 |
| 6 | The impact of the 9-21 earthquake experiences of Taiwanese nurses as rescuers显示文摘 | Shih F J Liao Y C Chan S M | 2002 | Social Science Medicine2002，55，： | 1 |
| 7 | Spin-polarized tunneling through a diluted magnetic semiconductor quantum dot 显示文摘 | CHANG K CHAN K S PEETERS F M | 2005 | Phys Rev B2005，71，15： | 1 |
| 8 | Complete chloroplast genome of Oncidium 'Gower Ramsey' and evaluation of molecular markers for identification and breeding in Oncidiinae显示文摘 | Wu F H Chan M T Liao D C et ol | 2010 | BMCPlant Biology2010，10，： | 1 |
| 9 | Preoperative ketamine improves postoperative analgesia after gynecologic laparoscopic surgery 显示文摘 | Kwok R F Lim J Chan M T | 2004 | Anesth Analg2004，98，4： | 1 |
| 10 | Molecular prognostication of nasopharygeal carcinoma by quantitative analysis Of circulating Epstein-Barr virus DNA 显示文摘 | LO Y M LEUNG S F CHAN L Y | 2000 | CancerRes2000，60，： | 1 |
| 11 | Mature lymphocyte apoptosis-immune regulate in a dynamic and unpredictable antigenic environment显示文摘 | Chan FKM Hornung F | 1999 | Ann Rev Immunol1999，17，： | 1 |
| 12 | A human gene that shows identity with the gene encoding the angiotensin receptor is located on chromosome II 显示文摘 | O'Dowd B F Heiber M Chan A | 1993 | Gene1993，136，8： | 1 |
| 13 | Psychosocial adjustment in gynecologic cancer survivors:A longitudinal study on risk factors for maladjustment显示文摘 | Chan Y M Ngan H Y S Yip P S F | 2001 | Gynecol Oncol2001，80，3： | 1 |
| 14 | Signaling by the TNF receptor superfamily and T cell homeostasis显示文摘 | Chan F K Siegel R M Lenardo M J | 2000 | Immunity2000，13，： | 1 |
| 15 | Residual strength and pore structure of high-strength concrete and normal strength concrete after exposure to high temperatures显示文摘 | CHAN Y N PENG G F ANSON M | 1999 | Cement and Concrete Composites1999，21，1： | 1 |
| 16 | Control of shivering under regional anesthesia in obstetric patients with tramadol显示文摘 | Chan A M Ng K F Tong E W | | 0，，03： | 1 |
| 17 | Holmi- um: YAG lithotripsy: photothermal mechanism显示文摘 | Vassar G J Chan K F Teichman J M | 1999 | J Endourol1999，13，3： | 1 |
| 18 | Sequential extraction and quantitative recovery of gliadins,glutenins,and other proteins from small samples of wheat flour显示文摘 | DUPONT F M CHAN R LOPEZ R | 2005 | J Agric Food Chem2005，53，5： | 1 |
| 19 | Performance of pyrolysis oil-based wood adhesivein OSB 显示文摘 | CHAN F RIEDL B WANG X M | 2002 | Forest Products2002，52，4： | 1 |
| 20 | A 1-year prospective study of the infectious etiology in patients hospitalized with acute exacerbations of COPD and concomitant pneumonia 显示文摘 | KO F W IP M CHAN P K | 2008 | Respir Med2008，102，8： | 1 |
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