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| 1 | Techniques and accuracy of thoracolumbar pedicle screw placement显示文摘Pedicle screw instrumentation has been used to stabilize the thoracolumbar spine for several decades. Although pedicle screws were originally placed via a freehand technique, there has been a movement in favor of pedicle screw placement with the aid of imaging. Such assistive techniques include fluoroscopy guidance and stereotactic navigation. Imaging has the benefit of increased visualization of a pedicle's trajectory, but can result in increased morbidity associated with radiation exposure, increased time expenditure, and possible workflow interruption. Many institutions have reported high accuracies with each of these three core techniques. However, due to differing definitions of accuracy and varying radiographic analyses, it is extremely difficult to compare studies side-by-side to determine which techniques are superior. From the literature, it can be concluded that pedicles of vertebrae within the mid-thoracic spine and vertebrae that have altered morphology due to scoliosis or other deformities are the most difficult to cannulate. Thus, spine surgeons would benefit the most from using assistive technologies in these circumstances. All other pedicles in thethoracolumbar spine should theoretically be cannulated with ease via a free-hand technique, given appropriate training and experience. Despite these global recommendations, appropriate techniques must be chosen at the surgeon's discretion. Such determinations should be based on the surgeon's experience and the specific pathology that will be treated. | Varun Puvanesarajah Jason A Liauw Sheng-fu Lo Ioan A Lina Timothy F Witham | 2014 | World Journal of Orthopedics2014，5，2： | 7 |
| 2 | Effects of grazing intensity on seed production of Caragana stenophylla along a climatic aridity gradient in the Inner Mongolia Steppe,China显示文摘As the increases of climatic aridity and grazing intensity,shrubs play an increasingly important role in grassland ecosystem in arid and semi-arid regions,and its abundance also generally increases.However,the effects of climatic aridity and grazing intensity on sexual reproduction of shrubs in grassland remain largely unclear.In order to understand the effects of grazing intensity and climatic drought stress,and their interaction on seed production of shrub species,we examined the seed number,seed weight and seed yield of Caragana stenophylla under three grazing intensities(fenced,mild grazing and severe grazing) across a climatic aridity gradient(semi-arid,arid,very arid and intensively arid zones) in the Inner Mongolia Steppe,northern China during 2012–2013.The seed number,seed weight and seed yield gradually increased from the semi-arid to the very arid zones,but decreased from the very arid to the intensively arid zones in fenced plots.The seed number and seed yield decreased from the semi-arid to the intensively arid zones in mild and severe grazing treatment plots,therefore,grazing enhanced the suppression effect of climatic aridity on seed production of C.stenophylla.The seed number and seed yield gradually decreased as grazing intensity increased.The seed weight was highest in severe grazing plots,followed by the mild grazing plots and then the fenced plots.Precipitation varied interannually during the study period.We observed that the seed number,seed weight and seed yield were lower in the low precipitation year(2013) than in the high precipitation year(2012).As climatic drought stress increased,the negative effects of grazing on seed production of C.stenophylla also gradually increased.Our results indicated that climatic drought stress may contribute to the encroachment of C.stenophylla shrub in arid zones by promoting its seed production.However,grazing had negative effects on sexual reproduction of C.stenophylla,and the combined effects of drought stress and grazing seriously suppressed sexual reproduction of C.stenophylla in the intensively arid zone. | XIE Lina CHEN Weizhong Christopher A GABLER HAN Lei GUO Hongyu CHEN Qing MA Chengcang GU Song | 2016 | Journal of Arid Land2016，8，6： | 5 |
| 3 | In vitro metabolism of ginsennosides by ginseng root pathogen Pytium irregulae显示文摘 | Lina F Yousef M Bernards A | 2006 | Phytochemistry2006，67，： | 1 |
| 4 | Determination of the oxidation states of manganese in brain, liver, and heart mitochondria 显示文摘 | Thomas E G Lisa M M Claire E G Roman E Jason S Linas B Andrei A Sean H Karlene K G | 2004 | Journal of Neuroehemistry2004，88，： | 1 |
| 5 | Cycling and composition of organic matter in terrestrial and marine ecosystems显示文摘 | Baldock J A Masiello C A Gélinas Y | | 0，，1： | 1 |
| 6 | Public health awareness of e-merging zoonotic viruses of bats:a European perspective显示文摘 | Van P W Lina P H Kramps J A | 2006 | Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis2006，6，4： | 1 |
| 7 | Distribution of genes encoding resistance to macroli des, lincosamides, and streptogramins among Staph ylococci显示文摘 | LINA G QUAGLIA A REVERDY M E | 1999 | Antimicrob Agents Chemother1999，43，： | 1 |
| 8 | Shear and elongational flow properties of contents and degrees of polymerization显示文摘 | Lina C A Kub T H | 2008 | Journal of Materials Processing Technology2008，200，2： | 1 |
| 9 | Isomaltulose(PalatinoseW):a review of biological and toxicological studies显示文摘 | LINA B A R JONKER D KOZIANOWSKI G | 2002 | Food and Chemical Toxicology2002，40，10： | 1 |
| 10 | Mechanism of failure in hips with an uncemented all polyethylene socket显示文摘 | Linas A Sarmiento A Ebramzadeh E | 2002 | Clin Orthop Relat Res2002，362，7： | 1 |
| 11 | Distribution of genes encoding resistance to macrolides, lineosamides, and streptogramins among Staphylococci显示文摘 | Lina G Quaglia A Reverdy ME | 1999 | Antimierob Agents Chemother1999，43，5： | 1 |
| 12 | Mycobacterium tubercu- losis infects dendritic cells with high frequency and impairs their function in vivo显示文摘 | Wolf A J Linas B Trevejo-Nurtez GJ | 2007 | J Immunol2007，179，4： | 1 |
| 13 | Levels of circulating Thl7 cells and regulatory T cells in ankylosing spondylitis patients with an inadequate response to anti-TNF-alpha therapy 显示文摘 | Xueyi L Lina C Zhenbiao W et a | 2013 | J Clin Immunol2013，33，： | 1 |
| 14 | Gas diffusion layer for proton exchange membrane fuel cells--a review 显示文摘 | Cindrella L Kannana A M Lina J F Saminathana K Hoc Y Lind C W Wertze J | 2009 | Journal of Power Sources2009，194，： | 1 |
| 15 | Subchronic oral toxicity studies with acyclodextrin in rats显示文摘 | Lina BA Bar A | 2004 | Regul Toxicol Pharmacol2004，39，1： | 1 |
| 16 | Mechanism of failure in hips with an uncemented all polyethylene socket显示文摘 | Linas A Sarmiento A Ebramzadeh E | 1999 | Clin Orthop1999，362，： | 1 |
| 17 | Lung cancer survival in Germany : A population -based analysis of 132,612 lung Cancer patients 显示文摘 | Andrea E Lina J Felipe A | 2015 | Lung Cancer2015，90，3： | 1 |
| 18 | Recommendation systems with complex con- straints: A course recommendation perspective 显示文摘 | PARAMESWARAN A VENETIS P GARCIA- MO- LINA H | 2011 | ACM Transactions on Information Systems2011，29，4： | 1 |
| 19 | The biochemical and elemental compositions of marine plankton:A NMR perspective显示文摘 | Hedges J I Baldock J A Gélinas Y | 2002 | Marine Chemistry2002，78，： | 1 |
| 20 | Ginsenosides stimulate the growth of soilborne pathogens of American ginseng显示文摘 | Robert W Nicol Lina Yousefa James A Traquairb | 2003 | Phytochemistry Florida2003，64，1： | 1 |
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