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| 1 | Autoantibodies in primary biliary cirrhosis:Recent progress in research on the pathogenetic and clinical significance显示文摘Primary biliary cirrhosis(PBC)is a chronic progressive cholestatic liver disease characterized by immunemediated destruction of the small-and medium-sized intrahepatic bile ducts and the presence of antimitochondrial antibodies(AMA)in the serum.AMA are detected in over 90%of patients with PBC,whereas their prevalence in the general population is extremely low,varying from 0.16%to 1%.Previous studies have shown that the unique characteristics of biliary epithelial cells undergoing apoptosis may result in a highly direct and very specific immune response to mitochondrial autoantigens.Moreover,recent studies have demonstrated that serum from AMA-positive PBC patients is reactive with a number of xenobiotic modified E2 subunits of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex,which is not observed in the serum of normal individuals.These findings indicate that chemicals originating from the environment may be associated with a breakdown in the tolerance to mitochondrial autoantigens.While it is currently generally accepted that AMA are the most specific serological markers of PBC,more than 60 au-toantibodies have been investigated in patients with PBC,and some have previously been considered specific to other autoimmune diseases.This review covers the recent progress in research on the pathogenetic and clinical significance of important autoantibodies in PBC.Determining the pathogenic role of those autoantibodies in PBC remains a priority of basic and clinical research. | Satoshi Yamagiwa Hiroteru Kamimura Masaaki Takamura Yutaka Aoyagi | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，10： | 19 |
| 2 | Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging features of hepatic hemangioma compared with enhanced computed tomography显示文摘AIM:To clarify features of hepatic hemangiomas on gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriaminpentaacetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA)-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) compared with enhanced computed tomography (CT). METHODS:Twenty-six patients with 61 hepatic hem- angiomas who underwent both Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI and enhanced CT were retrospectively reviewed. Hemangioma appearances (presence of peripheral nodular enhancement, central nodular enhancement, diffuse homogenous enhancement, and arterioportal shunt during the arterial phase, fill-in enhancement during the portal venous phase, and prolonged enhancement during the equilibrium phase) on Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI and enhanced CT were evaluated.The degree of contrast enhancement at the enhancing portion within the hemangioma was visually assessed using a five-point scale during each phase. For quantitative analysis, the tumor-muscle signal intensity ratio (SIR), the liver-muscle SIR, and the attenuation value of the tumor and liver parenchyma were calculated. The McNemar test and the Wilcoxon's signed rank test were used to assess the significance of differences in the appearances of hemangiomas and in the visual grade of tumor contrast enhancement between Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI and enhanced CT. RESULTS:There was no significant difference between Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI and enhanced CT in the presence of peripheral nodular enhancement (85% vs 82%), central nodular enhancement (3% vs 3%), diffuse enhancement (11% vs 16%), or arterioportal shunt (23% vs 34%) during arterial phase, or fill-in enhancement (79% vs 80%) during portal venous phase. Prolonged enhancement during equilibrium phase was observed less frequently on Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI than on enhanced CT (52% vs 100%, P < 0.001). On visual inspection, there was significantly less contrast enhancement of the enhancing portion on Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI than on enhanced CT during the arterial (3.94 ± 0.98 vs 4.57 ± 0.64, respectively, P < 0.001), portal venous (3.72 ± 0.82 vs 4.36 ± 0.53, respectively, P < 0.001), and equilibrium phases (2.01 ± 0.95 vs 4.04 ± 0.51, respectively, P < 0.001). In the quantitative analysis, the tumor-muscle SIR and the liver-muscle SIR observed with Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI were 0.80 ± 0.24 and 1.28 ± 0.33 precontrast, 1.92 ± 0.58 and 1.57 ± 0.55 during the arterial phase, 1.87 ± 0.44 and 1.73 ± 0.39 during the portal venous phase, 1.63 ± 0.41 and 1.78 ± 0.39 during the equilibrium phase, and 1.10 ± 0.43 and 1.92 ± 0.50 during the hepatobiliary phase, respectively. The attenuation values in the tumor and liver parenchyma observed with enhanced CT were 40.60 ± 8.78 and 53.78 ± 7.37 precontrast, 172.66 ± 73.89 and 92.76 ± 17.92 during the arterial phase, 152.76 ± 35.73 and 120.12 ± 18.02 during the portal venous phase, and 108.74 ± 18.70 and 89.04 ± 7.25 during the equilibrium phase, respectively. Hemangiomas demonstrated peak enhancement during the arterial phase, and both the SIR with Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI and the attenuation value with enhanced CT decreased with time. The SIR of hemangiomas was lower than that of liver parenchyma during the equilibrium and hepatobiliary phases on Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI. However, the attenuation of hemangiomas after contrast injection was higher than that of liver parenchyma during all phases of enhanced CT. CONCLUSION:Prolonged enhancement during the equilibrium phase was observed less frequently on Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI than enhanced CT, which may exacerbate differentiating between hemangiomas and malignant tumors. | Akihiro Tateyama Yoshihiko Fukukura Koji Takumi Toshikazu Shindo Yuichi Kumagae Kiyohisa Kamimura Masayuki Nakajo | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，43： | 19 |
| 3 | Advances in understanding and treating liver diseases during pregnancy:A review显示文摘Liver disease in pregnancy is rare but pregnancyrelated liver diseases may cause threat to fetal and maternal survival.It includes pre-eclampsia;eclampsia;haemolysis,elevated liver enzymes,and low platelets syndrome;acute fatty liver of pregnancy;hyperemesis gravidarum;and intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy.Recent basic researches have shown the various etiologies involved in this disease entity.With these advances,rapid diagnosis is essential for severe cases since the decision of immediate delivery is important for maternal and fetal survival.The other therapeutic options have also been shown in recent reports based on the clinical trials and cooperation and information sharing between hepatologist and gynecologist is important for timely therapeutic intervention.Therefore,correct understandings of diseases and differential diagnosis from the pre-existing and co-incidental liver diseases during the pregnancy will help to achieve better prognosis.Therefore,here we review and summarized recent advances in understanding the etiologies,clinical courses and management of liver disease in pregnancy.This information will contribute to physicians for diagnosis of disease and optimum management of patients. | Kenya Kamimura Hiroyuki Abe Hirokazu Kawai Hiroteru Kamimura Yuji Kobayashi Minoru Nomoto Yutaka Aoyagi Shuji Terai | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，17： | 15 |
| 4 | CT-maximum intensity projection is a clinically useful modality for the detection of gastric varices显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of CT-maximum intensity projection (CT-MIP) in the detection of gastric varicesand their inflowing and outflowing vessels in patientswith gastric varices scheduled to undergo balloonoccluded retrograde transvenous obliteration (B-RTO). METHODS: Sixteen patients with endoscopicallyconfirmed gastric varices were included in this study. All patients were evaluated with CT-MIP using threedimensional reconstructions, before and after B-RTO. RESULTS: CT-MIP clearly depicted gastric varices in 16 patients (100%), the left gastric vein in 6 (32.5%),the posterior gastric vein in 12 (75.0%), the short gastric veins in 13 (81.3%), gastrorenal shunts in 16 (100%), the hemiazygos vein (HAZV) in 4 (25.0%), the pericardiophrenic vein (PCPV) in 9 (56.3%), and the left inferior phrenic vein in 9 patients (56.3%). Although flow direction itself cannot be determined from CT-MIP,this modality provided clear images of the inflowing and the outflowing vessels. Moreover, in one patient, short gastric veins were not seen on conventional angiographic portography images of the spleen, but were clearly revealed on CT-MIP,CONCLUSION: We suggest that CT-MIP should be considered as a routine method for detecting and diagnosing collateral veins in patients with gastric varices scheduled for B-RTO. Furthermore, CT-MIP is more useful than endoscopy in verifying the early therapeutic effects of B-RTO. | Toru Ishikawa Takashi Ushiki Ken-ichi Mizuno Tadayuki Togashi Kouji Watanabe Kei-ichi Seki Hironobu Ohta Toshiaki Yoshida Keiko Takeda Tomoteru Kamimura | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，47： | 13 |
| 5 | Vitamin D and calcium are required at the time of denosumab administration during osteoporosis treatment显示文摘To evaluate the differences in outcomes of treatment with denosumab alone or denosumab combined with vitamin D and calcium supplementation in patients with primary osteoporosis. Patients were split into a denosumab monotherapy group(18 cases) or a denosumab plus vitamin D supplementation group(combination group; 23 cases). We measured serum bone alkaline phosphatase(BAP), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase(TRACP)-5 b and urinary N-terminal telopeptide of type-I collagen(NTX) at baseline, 1 week, as well as at 1 month and 2, 4, 8 and 12 months. We also measured bone mineral density(BMD) of L1–4 lumbar vertebrae(L)-BMD and bilateral hips(H)-BMD at baseline and at 4, 8 and 12 months. There was no significant difference in patient background. TRACP-5 b and urinary NTX were significantly suppressed in both groups from 1 week to 12 months(except at 12 months for NTX). In the combination group, TRACP-5 b was significantly decreased compared with the denosumab monotherapy group at 2 and 4 months(P < 0.05).BAP was significantly suppressed in both groups at 2–12 months. L-BMD significantly increased at 8 and12 months(8.9%) in the combination group and at 4, 8 and 12 months(6.0%) in the denosumab monotherapy group, compared with those before treatment. H-BMD was significantly increased in the combination group(3.6%) compared with the denosumab group(1.2%) at 12 months(P < 0.05). Compared with denosumab monotherapy, combination therapy of denosumab with vitamin D and calcium stopped the decrease in calcium caused by denosumab, inhibited bone metabolism to a greater extent, and increased BMD(especially at the hips). | Yukio Nakamura Takako Suzuki Mikio Kamimura Kohei Murakami Shota Ikegami Shigeharu Uchiyama Hiroyuki Kato | 2017 | Bone Research2017，5，4： | 11 |
| 6 | Diversion colitis and pouchitis: A mini-review显示文摘Diversion colitis is characterized by inflammation of the mucosa in the defunctioned segment of the colon after colostomy or ileostomy. Similar to diversion colitis, diversion pouchitis is an inflammatory disorder occurring in the ileal pouch, resulting from the exclusion of the fecal stream and a subsequent lack of nutrients from luminal bacteria. Although the vast majority of patients with surgically-diverted gastrointestinal tracts remain asymptomatic, it has been reported that diversion colitis and pouchitis might occur in almost all patients with diversion. Surgical closure of the stoma, with reestablishment of gut continuity, is the only curative intervention available for patients with diversion disease. Pharmacologic treatments using short-chain fatty acids, mesalamine, or corticosteroids are reportedly effective for those who are not candidates for surgical reestablishment; however, there are no established assessment criteria for determining the severity of diversion colitis, and no management strategies to date. Therefore, in this mini-review, we summarize and review various recently-reported treatments for diversion disease. We are hopeful that the information summarized here will assist physicians who treat patients with diversion colitis and pouchitis, leading to better case management. | Kentaro Tominaga Kenya Kamimura Kazuya Takahashi Junji Yokoyama Satoshi Yamagiwa Shuji Terai | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，16： | 10 |
| 7 | Considerations of elderly factors to manage the complication of liver cirrhosis in elderly patients显示文摘The aging of the organ function causes sensitivity to the disease progression and need careful consideration for the medical treatment. With the increase of aging population, the opportunity to provide medical treatment for people in very old age is rapidly increasing therefore, the understanding of the various physiological changes of cellular function, size and function of organs are essential for the decision of therapeutic options. Among the various chronic conditions seen in elderly people, we have focused on liver cirrhosis, since despite specific therapeutic options for many of liver diseases including direct acting antivirals for hepatitis C virus, nucleoside analogs for hepatitis B, and corticosteroids for autoimmune hepatitis, there is currently no standard therapy to treat liver cirrhosis, which is the final stage of these liver diseases. Therefore,management of the various symptoms of liver cirrhosis is essential, and agingrelated parameters must be considered in the decision making for therapeutic strategies and dosage of the available medicine. In this mini-review, we have summarized the therapeutic options to manage various symptoms of liver cirrhosis, carefully considering the physiological changes of various organs associated with aging. | Kenya Kamimura Akira Sakamaki Hiroteru Kamimura Toru Setsu Takeshi Yokoo Masaaki Takamura Shuji Terai | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，15： | 9 |
| 8 | Improved survival for hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombosis treated by intra-arterial chemotherapy combining etoposide,carboplatin,epirubicin and pharmacokinetic modulating chemotherapy by 5-FU and enteric-coated tegafur/uracil:A pilo显示文摘AIM: To investigate the poor prognosis of HCC with PVTT,we evaluated the efficacy by a new combination chemotherapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT). METHODS: From 2002 to 2007,a total of 10 consecutive patients with Stage IVA HCC accompanied by PVTT were studied prospectively to examine the efficacy of treatment by intra-arterial infusion of a chemotherapeutic agents consisting of etoposide,carboplatin,epirubicin and pharmacokinetic modulating chemotherapy by 5-FU and enteric-coated tegafur/uracil. RESULTS: The mean course of chemotherapy was 14.4 (range,9-21) mo. One patient showed complete response (CR) with disappearance of HCC and PVTT after treatment,and the two patients showed partial response (PR),response rate (CR + PR/All cases 30%). The median survival time after the therapy was 457.2 d. The one-year survival rate was 70%. Adverse reactions were tolerable. CONCLUSION: Although the prognosis of most patients with Stage IVA HCC by PVTT is poor,our combination chemotherapy may induces long-term survival and is an effective treatment and produced anti-tumor activity with tolerable adverse effects in patients for advanced Stage IVA HCC accompanied by PVTT. | Toru Ishikawa Michitaka Imai Hiroteru Kamimura Atsunori Tsuchiya Tadayuki Togashi Kouji Watanabe Kei-ichi Seki Hironobu Ohta Toshiaki Yoshida Tomoteru Kamimura | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，41： | 8 |
| 9 | Natural regression of fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B显示文摘The fibrosis of liver cirrhosis was considered to be irreversible before the anti-viral drugs showed that it is reversible when they lead to continuous suppression of viral replication and inflammation. However, several reports previously showed that fibrosis of type B liver cirrhosis was almost completely absorbed after the natural remission of chronic inflammation. This phenomenon might not be limited to exceptional patients, but rather occur commonly, considering the dynamic clinical features of chronic hepatitis B(CHB), where inactive carrier stage normally follows aggravation of hepatitis and progression of fibrosis at the time of HBe Ag seroconversion. Thus, fibrosis levels of CHB as a hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)-surveillance marker, particularly those of the inactive stage, could be underestimated, because some of them might have been(pre)cirrhotic in the past and recovered with the natural regression of fibrosis. We argue that cirrhosisinduced HCC mechanisms, rather than direct action of viral genome, may be more common than generally considered in CHB patients. This may have some impact on reconsidering the surveillance rationale for HCC in CHB, from where advanced HCCs tended to be missed. In addition, a molecular marker to assess the cancer-prone characteristics of the liver will definitely be needed to resolve the issue. | Shogo Ohkoshi Haruka Hirono Kazuhiko Watanabe Katsuhiko Hasegawa Kenya Kamimura Masahiko Yano | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，24： | 8 |
| 10 | Successful treatment of multiple lung metastases of hepatocellular carcinoma by combined chemotherapy with docetaxel, cisplatin and tegafur/uracil显示文摘We report the successful treatment of multiple lung metastases after hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with combined docetaxel, cisplatin (CDDP), and enteric-coated tegafur/uracil (UFT-E). A 68-year-old man was diagnosed with multiple lung metastases of HCC 7 mo after partial hepatectomy for HCC. Oral UFT-E was given daily and docetaxel and CDDP were given intra-arterially (administered just before the bronchial arteries) every 2 wk via a subcutaneous injection port. One month after starting chemotherapy, levels of tumor marker, protein induced by vitamin K absence(PIVKA--), decreased rapidly,and after a further month, chest X-ray and computed tomography revealed the complete disappearance of multiple liver metastases. Two years after the combined chemotherapy, HCC recurred in the liver and was treated but no pulmonary recurrence occurred. In the absence of a standardized highly effective therapy, this combined chemotherapy with docetaxel, CDDP and UFT-E may be an attractive option for multiple lung metastases of HCC. | Atsunori Tsuchiya Michitaka Imai Hiroteru Kamimura Tadayuki Togashi Kouji Watanabe Kei-ichi Seki Toru Ishikawa Hironobu Ohta Toshiaki Yoshida Tomoteru Kamimura | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，14： | 7 |
| 11 | Protective effects of oral glutathione on fasting-induced intestinal atrophy through oxidative stress显示文摘AIM To determine whether oral glutathione(GSH)administration can alleviate the effects of fasting-induced intestinal atrophy in the small intestinal mucosa. METHODS Rats were divided into eight groups.One group was fed ad libitum,another was fed ad libitum and received oral GSH,and six groups were administrated saline(SA)or GSH orally during fasting.Mucosal height,apoptosis,and cell proliferation in the jejunum were histologically evaluated.i NOS protein expression(by immunohistochemistry),nitrite levels(by high performance liquid chromatography,as a measure of NO production),8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine formation(by ELISA,indicating ROS levels),glutathione/oxidized glutathione(GSH/GSSG)ratio(by enzymatic colorimetric detection),andγ-glutamyl transpeptidase(Ggt1)mR NA levels in the jejunum(by semi-quantitative RT-PCR)were also estimated. RESULTS O r a l G S H a d m i n i s t r a t i o n w a s d e m o n s t r a t e d t o drastically reduce fasting-induced intestinal atrophy in the jejunum.In particular,jejunal mucosal height was enhanced in GSH-treated animals compared to SA-treated animals[527.2±6.9 for 50 mg/kg GSH,567.6±5.4 for 500 mg/kg GSH vs 483.1±4.9(μm),P<0.01at 72 h].This effect was consistent with decreasing changes in GSH-treated animals compared to SA-treated animals for iN OS protein staining[0.337±0.016for 50 mg/kg GSH,0.317±0.017 for 500 mg/kg GSH vs 0.430±0.023(area of staining part/area of tissue),P<0.01 at 72 h]and NO[2.99±0.29 for 50 mg/kg GSH,2.88±0.19 for 500 mg/kg GSH vs 5.34±0.35(nmol/g tissue),P<0.01 at 72 h]and ROS[3.92±0.46for 50 mg/kg GSH,4.58±0.29 for 500 mg/kg GSH vs6.42±0.52(8-OHdG pg/μg DNA),P<0.01,P<0.05at 72 h,respectively]levels as apoptosis mediators in the jejunum.Furthermore,oral GSH administration attenuated cell proliferation decreases in the fasting jejunum[182.5±1.9 for 500 mg/kg GSH vs 155.8±3.4(5-Brd U positive cells/10 crypts),P<0.01 at 72h].Notably,both GSH concentration and Ggt1 m RNA expression in the jejunum were also attenuated in rats following oral administration of GSH during fasting as compared with fasting alone[0.45±0.12 vs 0.97±0.06(nmol/mg tissue),P<0.01;1.01±0.11 vs 2.79±0.39(Ggt1 m RNA/Gapdh m RNA),P<0.01 for 500 mg/kg GSH at 48 h,respectively]. CONCLUSION Oral GSH administration during fasting enhances jejunal regenerative potential to minimize intestinal mucosal atrophy by diminishing fasting-mediated ROS generation and enterocyte apoptosis and enhancing cell proliferation. | Hiroyuki Uchida Yukari Nakajima Kazuo Ohtake Junta Ito Masahiko Morita Ayako Kamimura Jun Kobayashi | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，36： | 5 |
| 12 | Active treatments are a rational approach for hepatocellular carcinoma in elderly patients显示文摘AIM: To determine whether an active intervention is beneficial for the survival of elderly patients with hepa-tocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: The survival of 740 patients who received various treatments for HCC between 1983 and 2011 was compared among different age groups using Cox regression analysis. Therapeutic options were principal-ly selected according to the clinical practice guidelines for HCC from the Japanese Society of Hepatology. The treatment most likely to achieve regional control capa-bility was chosen, as far as possible, in the following order: resection, radiofrequency ablation, percutaneous ethanol injection, transcatheter arterial chemoembo-lization, transarterial oily chemoembolization, hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy, systemic chemotherapy including molecular targeting, or best supportive care.Each treatment was used alone, or in combination, with a clinical goal of striking the best balance be-tween functional hepatic reserve and the volume of the targeted area, irrespective of their age. The percent survival to life expectancy was calculated based on a Japanese national population survey. RESULTS: The median ages of the subjects during each 5-year period from 1986 were 61, 64, 67, 68 and 71 years and increased significantly with time (P<0.0001). The Child-Pugh score was comparable among younger (59 years of age or younger), middle-aged (60-79 years of age), and older (80 years of age or older) groups (P=0.34), whereas the tumor-node-metastasis stage tended to be more advanced in the younger group (P=0.060). Advanced disease was significantly more frequent in the younger group compared with the middle-aged group (P=0.010), whereas there was no difference between the middle-aged and elderly groups (P=0.75). The median sur-vival times were 2593, 2011, 1643, 1278 and 1195 d for 49 years of age or younger, 50-59 years of age, 60-69 years of age, 70-79 years of age, or 80 years of age or older age groups, respectively, whereas the me-dian percent survival to life expectancy were 13.9%, 21.9%, 24.7%, 25.7% and 37.6% for each group, respectively. The impact of age on actual survival time was significant (P=0.020) with a hazard ratio of 1.021, suggesting that a 10-year-older patient has a 1.23-fold higher risk for death, and the overall survival was the worst in the oldest group. On the other hand, when the survival benefit was evaluated on the basis of per-cent survival to life expectancy, age was again found to be a significant explanatory factor (P=0.022); how-ever, the oldest group showed the best survival among the five different age groups. The youngest group revealed the worst outcomes in this analysis, and the hazard ratio of the oldest against the youngest was 0.35 for death. The survival trends did not differ substan-tially between the survival time and percent survival tolife expectancy, when survival was compared overall or among various therapeutic interventions. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that a thera-peutic approach for HCC should not be restricted due to patient age. | Takeshi Suda Aiko Nagashima Shyunsaku Takahash Tsutomu Kanefuji Kenya Kamimura Yasushi Tamura Ma-saaki Takamura Masato Igarashi Hirokazu Kawai Satoshi Yamagiwa Minoru Nomoto Yutaka Aoyagi | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，24： | 4 |
| 13 | Pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy of hepatocellular carcinoma: A case report and review of literature显示文摘BACKGROUND Pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy(PTTM)is a rare condition in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC);to date,few cases have been reported.While hepatic dysfunction has been focused on the later stages of HCC,the management of symptoms in PTTM is important for supportive care of the cases.For the better understanding of PTTM in HCC,the information of our recent case and reported cases have been summarized.CASE SUMMARY A patient with HCC exhibited acute and severe respiratory failure.Radiography and computed tomography of the chest revealed the multiple metastatic tumors and a frosted glass–like shadow with no evidence of infectious pneumonia.We diagnosed his condition as acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by the lung metastases and involvement of the pulmonary vessels by tumor thrombus.Administration of prednisolone to alleviate the diffuse alveolar damages including edematous changes of alveolar wall caused by the tumor cell infiltration and ischemia showed mild improvement in his symptoms and imaging findings.An autopsy showed the typical pattern of PTTM in the lung with multiple metastases.CONCLUSION PTTM is caused by tumor thrombi in the arteries and thickening of the pulmonary arterial endothelium leading to the symptoms of dyspnea in terminal staged patients.Therefore,supportive management of symptoms is necessary in the cases with PTTM and hence we believe that the information presented here is of great significance for the diagnosis and management of symptoms of PTTM with HCC. | Shinichi Morita Kenya Kamimura Hiroyuki Abe Yukari Watanabe-Mori Chiyumi Oda Takamasa Kobayashi Yoshihisa Arao Yusuke Tani Riuko Ohashi Yoichi Ajioka Shuji Terai | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，48： | 4 |
| 14 | Spontaneous regression of hepatocellular carcinoma: A mini-review显示文摘Spontaneous tumor regression is an extremely rare phenomenon in the oncology field. However, there are several case reports resulted in the regression of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) and the accumulation of clinical information and analyses of the mechanism can contribute to the development of a novel therapy. For this purpose, we have carefully reviewed 23 cases of spontaneously regressed HCC published in recent 5 years and our case. The information regarding the tumor size, tumor marker, treatments, etc., have been summarized. The mechanism of spontaneous regression has been discussed to date and presumed to be due to many factors, including hypoxia and immunological reactions. In this careful review of the 24 cases based on the clinical information, hypoxia, systemic inflammation, and both upon spontaneous regression were seen in 3, 8, and 4 cases, respectively amo ng t he 15 c as e s f or w hic h t he inf o r mat io n regarding the proposed mechanisms are available. Recent development of immunotherapeutic approaches in oncology shows promising results, therefore, accumulation of additional cases and analysis of mechanisms underlying the spontaneous regression of HCC are essential and could lead to the development of a new generation of immunotherapies including antibodies directed against immune reactions. | Akira Sakamaki Kenya Kamimura Satoshi Abe Atsunori Tsuchiya Masaaki Takamura Hirokazu Kawai Satoshi Yamagiwa Shuji Terai | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，21： | 4 |
| 15 | Comparison of a new aspiration needle device and the Quick-Core biopsy needle for transjugular liver biopsy显示文摘AIM: To evaluate sample adequacy, safety, and needle passes of a new biopsy needle device compared to the Quick-Core biopsy needle for transjugular liver biopsy in patients affected by liver disease. METHODS: Thirty consecutive liver-disease patients who had major coagulation abnormalities and/or relevant ascites underwent transjugular liver biopsy using either a new needle device (18 patients) or the Quick-Core biopsy needle (12 patients). The length of the specimens was measured before fixation. A pathologist reviewed the histological slides for sample adequacy and pathologic diagnoses. The two methods’ specimen adequacy and complication rates were assessed. RESULTS: Liver biopsies were technically successful in all 30 (100%) patients, with diagnostic histological core specimens obtained in 30 of 30 (100%) patients, for an overall success rate of 100%. With the new device, 18 specimens were obtained, with an average of 1.1 passes per patient. Using the Quick-Core biopsy needle, 12 specimens were obtained, with an average of 1.8 passes per patient. Specimen length was significantly longer with the new needle device than with the Quick- Core biopsy needle (P < 0.05). The biopsy tissue was not fragmented in any of the specimens with the new aspiration needle device, but tissue was fragmented in 3 of 12 (25.0%) specimens obtained using the Quick-Core biopsy needle. Complications included cardiac arrhythmia in 3 (10.0%) patients, and transient abdominal pain in 4 (13.3%) patients. There were no cases of subcapsular hematoma, hemoperitoneum, or sepsis, and there was no death secondary to the procedure. In particular, no early or delayed major procedure-related complications were observed in any patient.CONCLUSION: Transjugular liver biopsy is a safe and effective procedure, and there was significant difference in the adequacy of the specimens obtained using the new needle device compared to the Quick- Core biopsy needle. Using the new biopsy needle device, the specimens showed no tissue fragmentation and no increment in major procedure-related complications was observed. | Toru Ishikawa Hiroteru Kamimura Atsunori Tsuchiya Tadayuki Togashi Kouji Watanabe Kei-ichi Seki Hironobu Ohta Toshiaki Yoshida Noriko Ishihara Tomoteru Kamimura | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，39： | 4 |
| 16 | Effect of double platinum agents, combination of miriplatintransarterial oily chemoembolization and cisplatinhepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy, in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: Report of two cases显示文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is one of the most common cancers and the third highest cause of cancerassociated mortality worldwide. The treatment of HCC is complicated by its variable biological behavior and the frequent coexistence of chronic liver disease, particularly cirrhosis. To date, multiple treatment modalities have been developed according to the stage of the tumor and the hepatic functional reserve, including transarterial treatments such as transarterial chemoembolization, transarterial oily chemoembolization(TOCE), and hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy(HAIC). We conducted a phase I and II study of the combination therapy with double platinum agents, miriplatin and cisplatin, and confirmed its safety and efficacy. Here, we describe two cases of unresectable HCC who were successfully treated by miriplatin-TOCE/cisplatin-HAIC combination therapy, resulting in complete responses with no significant adverse events. This report will provide that the combination therapy can be the therapeutic option for HCC patients in the advanced stage. | Kohei Ogawa Kenya Kamimura Yukari Watanabe Yosuke Motai Daisuke Kumaki Ryoya Seki Akira Sakamaki Satoshi Abe Hirokazu Kawai Takeshi Suda Satoshi Yamagiwa Shuji Terai | 2017 | World Journal of Clinical Cases2017，5，6： | 4 |
| 17 | Depolymerization of polyamide 6 in hydrophilic ionic liquids显示文摘Polyamide 6 underwent an efficient depolymerization in hydrophilic ionic liquids under microwave irradiation at 300C. The depolymerization completed within 60 min. Caprolactam was readily separated by simple extraction procedure and the ionic liquids were recovered and reused for several times. Addition of catalytic amounts of DMAP(N,N-dimethylaminopyridine) promoted the depolymerization effectively.The present improved procedure provides a method to avoid direct distillation procedure, which consumes energy for the separation of caprolactam from ionic liquids. Although some contamination of ionic liquids was observed, the present procedure provides a new possibility for the use of ionic liquids for plastic chemical recycling from the viewpoint of development of an energy-saving methodology. Use of solubility switchable ionic liquids is also examined to explore a possibility for better separation although depolymerization did not work well. | Akio Kamimura Yuto Shiramatsu Takuji Kawamoto | 2019 | Green Energy & Environment2019，4，2： | 4 |
| 18 | Collagenous gastritis: Review显示文摘Collagenous gastritis is a rare disease characterized by the subepithelial deposition of collagen bands thicker than 10 μm and the infiltration of inflammatory mononuclear cells in the lamina propria. Collagenous colitis and collagenous sprue have similar histological characteristics to collagenous gastritis and are thought to be part of the same disease entity. However, while collagenous colitis has become more common in the field of gastroenterology, presenting with clinical symptoms of chronic diarrhea in older patients,collagenous gastritis is rare. Since the disease was first reported in 1989, only 60 cases have been documented in the English literature. No safe and effective treatments have been identified from randomized, controlled trials. Therefore, better understanding of the disease and the reporting of more cases will help to establish diagnostic criteria and to develop therapeutic strategies. Therefore, here we review the clinical characteristics, endoscopic and histological findings, treatment, and clinical outcomes from case reports and case series published to date, and provide a summary of the latest information on the disease. This information will contribute to improved knowledge of collagenous gastritis so physicians can recognize and correctly diagnose the disease, and will help to develop a standard therapeutic strategy for future clinical trials. | Kenya Kamimura Masaaki Kobayashi Yuichi Sato Yutaka Aoyagi Shuji Terai | 2015 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2015，7，3： | 3 |
| 19 | Liver-targeted hydrodynamic gene therapy: Recent advances in the technique显示文摘One of the major research focuses in the field of gene therapy is the development of clinically applicable, safe, and effective gene-delivery methods. Since the first case of human gene therapy was performed in 1990, a number of gene-delivery methods have been developed, evaluated for efficacy and safety, and modified for human application. To date, viral-vectormediated deliveries have shown effective therapeutic results. However, the risk of lethal immune response and carcinogenesis have been reported, and it is still controversial to be applied as a standard therapeutic option. On the other hand, delivery methods for nonviral vector systems have been developed, extensively studied, and utilized in in vivo gene-transfer studies. Compared to viral-vector mediated gene transfer, nonviral systems have less risk of biological reactions. However, the lower gene-transfer efficiency was a critical hurdle for applying them to human gene therapy. Among a number of nonviral vector systems, our studies focus on hydrodynamic gene delivery to utilize physical force to deliver naked DNA into the cells in the living animals. This method achieves a high gene-transfer level by DNA solution injections into the tail vein of rodents, especially in the liver. With the development of genome editing methods, in vivo gene-transfer therapy using this method is currently the focus in this research field. This review explains the method principle, efficiency, safety, and procedural modifications to achieve a high level of reproducibility in large-animal models. | Takeshi Yokoo Kenya Kamimura Hiroyuki Abe Yuji Kobayashi Tsutomu Kanefuji Kohei Ogawa Ryo Goto Masafumi Oda Takeshi Suda Shuji Terai | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，40： | 3 |
| 20 | Rational arrangement of measuring shear wave speed in the liver显示文摘BACKGROUND Shear wave speed has been widely applied to quantify a degree of liver fibrosis. However, there is no standardized procedure, which makes it difficult to utilize the speed universally. AIM To provide procedural standardization of shear wave speed measurement. METHODS Point shear wave elastography (pSWE) was measured in 781 patients, and twodimensional shear wave elastography (2dSWE) was measured on the same day in 18 cases. Regions-of-interest were placed at 12 sites, and the median and robust coefficient-of-variation (CVR) were calculated. A residual sum-of-square (Σdi2) was computed for bootstrap values of 1000 iterations in 18 cases with each assumption of 1 to 12 measurements. The proportion of the Σdi2 (%Σdi2) was calculated as the ratio of Σdi2 to pSWE after converting it based on the correlation between pSWE and 2dSWE. RESULTS The CVR showed a significantly broader distribution in the left lobe (P < 0.0001),and the smallest CVR in the right anterior segment that covered 95% cases was 40.4%. pSWE was significantly higher in the left lobe than in the right lobe (1.63 ± 0.78 m/s vs 1.61 ± 0.78 m/s, P = 0.0004), and the difference between the lobes became further discrete when the subjects were limited to the cases with a CVR less than 40.4% in any segment (1.76 ± 0.80 m/s vs 1.70 ± 0.82 m/s, P < 0.0001). The highest values of the CVR in every 0.1 m/s interval were plotted in convex upward along pSWE and peaked at 1.93 m/s. pSWE and 2dSWE were significantly correlated (P < 0.0001, r = 0.95). In 216000 resamples from 18 cases, the %Σdi2 of 12 sites was 8.0% and gradually increased as the acquisition sites decreased to reach a significant difference with a %Σdi2 of 7 sites (P = 0.027). CONCLUSION These data suggest that shear wave speed should be measured at 8 or more sites of spreading in both lobes. | Takeshi Yokoo Tsutomu Kanefuji Takeshi Suda Itsuo Nagayama Takahiro Hoshi Satoshi Abe Shinichi Morita Hiroteru Kamimura Kenya Kamimura Atsunori Tsuchiya Masaaki Takamura Kazuyoshi Yagi Shuji Terai | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，20： | 3 |
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