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| 1 | Delayed gastric emptying is associated with pylorus-preserving but not classical Whipple pancreaticoduodenectomy:A review of the literature and critical reappraisal of the implicated pathomechanism显示文摘Pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy (PPPD) is nowadays considered the treatment of choice for periampullary tumors, namely carcinoma of the head, neck, or uncinate process of the pancreas, the ampulla of Vater, distal common bile duct or carcinoma of the peri-Vaterian duodenum. Delayed gastric emptying (DGE) comprises one of the most troublesome complications of this procedure. A search of the literature using Pubmed/Medline was performed to identify clinical trials examining the incidence rate of DGE following standard Whipple pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) vs PPPD. Additionally we performed a thorough in-depth analysis of the implicated pathomechanism underlying the occurrence of DGE after PPPD. In contrast to early studies, the majority of recently performed clinical trials demonstrated no significant association between the occurrence of DGE with either PD or PPPD. PD and PPPD procedures are equally effective operations regarding the postoperative occurrence of DGE. Further randomized trials are required to investigate the effi cacy of a recently reported (but not yet tested in large- scale studies) modifi cation, that is, PPPD with antecolic duodenojejunostomy. | Kosmas I Paraskevas Costas Avgerinos Costas Manes Dimitris Lytras Christos Dervenis | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，37： | 16 |
| 2 | How to identify which patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis could benefit from endarterectomy or stenting显示文摘Offering routine carotid endarterectomy(CEA)or carotid artery stenting(CAS)to patients with asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis(ACS)is no longer considered as the optimal management of these patients.Equally suboptimal,however,is the policy of offering only best medical treatment(BMT)to all patients with ACS and not considering any of them for prophylactic CEA.In the last few years,there have been many studies aiming to identify reliable predictors of future cerebrovascular events that would allow the identification of patients with high-risk ACS and offer a prophylactic carotid intervention only to these patients to prevent them from becoming symptomatic.All patients with ACS should receive BMT.The present article will summarise the evidence suggesting ways to identify these high-risk asymptomatic individuals,namely:(1)microemboli detection on transcranial Doppler,(2)plaque echolucency on Duplex ultrasound,(3)progression in the severity of ACS,(4)silent embolic infarcts on brain CT/MRI,(5)reduced cerebrovascular reserve,(6)increased size of juxtaluminal hypoechoic area,(7)identification of intraplaque haemorrhage using MRI and(8)carotid ulceration.The evidence suggests that approximately 10%-15%of patents with asymptomatic stenosis might benefit from intervention;this will become more clear after publication of ongoing studies comparing stenting or endarterectomy with best medical therapy.In the meantime,no patient should be offered intervention unless there is evidence of high risk of ipsilateral stroke,from modalities such as those discussed here. | Kosmas I Paraskevas Frank J Veith J David Spence | 2018 | Stroke & Vascular Neurology2018，3，2： | 10 |
| 3 | Association of estradiol levels on the day of hCA3 administration and pregnan- cy achievement in IVF: a systematic review显示文摘 | Kosmas I P Kolibianakis E M Devroey P | 2004 | Hum Re- prod2004，19，11： | 1 |
| 4 | Associa- tion between activation of the renin-angiotensin system and secondary erythrocytosis in patients with chronic ob- structive pulmonary disease 显示文摘 | Vlahakos DV Kosmas EN Dimopoulou I | 1999 | Am J Med1999，106，2： | 1 |
| 5 | Association between activation of the renin-angiotensin system and secondary erythrocytosis in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease显示文摘 | Vlahakos DV Kosmas EN Dimopoulou I | 1999 | Am J Med1999，106，： | 1 |
| 6 | Association of estradiol levelson the day of hCG administration and pregnancy achievement in IVF : asystematic review显示文摘 | Kosmas I P Kolibianakis E M Devroey P | 2004 | Hum Reprod2004，19，11： | 1 |
| 7 | Association between activation of the renin-angiotensin system and secondary erythmcytosis in patients with chronic obstructivepulmonary disease 显示文摘 | VLAHAKOS DV KOSMAS EN DIMOPOULOU I | 1999 | Am J Med1999，106，2： | 1 |
| 8 | Occurrence and removal of PPCPs in municipal and hospital wastewaters in Greece显示文摘 | KOSMA C I LAMBROPOULOU D A ALBANIS T A | 2010 | Journal of Hazardous Materials2010，179，1： | 1 |
| 9 | Association between activation of the renin-angiotensin system and secondary erythrocytosis in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 显示文摘 | Vlahakos DV Kosmas EN Dimopoulou I | 1999 | AmJ Med1999，106，： | 1 |
| 10 | Low-dose hCG may improve pregnancy rates and lower OHSS in antagonist cycles: a meta-analysis显示文摘 | Kosmas IP Zikopoulos K Georgiou I | 2009 | Reprod Biomed Online2009，19，5： | 1 |
| 11 | Association between activation of the rennin angiote nsion system and secondary erythrocy-tosis in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease显示文摘 | Vlahakos DV Kosmas EN Dimopoulou I | 1999 | Am J Med1999，106，： | 1 |
| 12 | Association between activation of the renin-flngiotensin system and secondary erythrocytosis in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease显示文摘 | Vlahakos DV Kosmas EN Dimopoulou I | 1999 | Am J Med1999，106，2： | 1 |
| 13 | Association between activation of the rennin-angiotens in system and secondary erythrocytes is in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease显示文摘 | Vlahakos DV Kosmas EN Dimopoulou I | | 0，，01： | 1 |
| 14 | Association between activation of the renin-langiotension system and secondary erythrocytosis in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease显示文摘 | Vlahakos DV Kosmas EN Dimopoulou I | 1999 | Am J Med1999，106，2： | 1 |
| 15 | Occurrence and removal of PPCPs in municipal and hospital wastewaters in Greece 显示文摘 | Kosma C I Lambropoulou D A Albanis T | 2010 | Journal of Hazardous Materials2010，179，13： | 1 |
| 16 | Association between activation of the rennin-angiotensin system and secondary erythrocytosis in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease显示文摘 | Vlahakos DV Kosmas EN Dimopoulou I | 1999 | Am J Med1999，106，2： | 1 |
| 17 | Molecular cloning and characterization of triterpene synthases from Medicago truncatula and Lotus japonicus显示文摘 | I?aki Iturbe-Ormaetxe Kosmas Haralampidis Kalliopi Papadopoulou Anne E. Osbourn | 2003 | Plant Molecular Biology2003，，5： | 1 |
| 18 | Low-dose HCG may improve pregnancy rates and lower OHSS in antagonist cycles:a meta-analysis 显示文摘 | Kosmas IP Zikopoulos K Georgiou I | 2009 | Reprod Biomed Online2009，19，5： | 1 |
| 19 | Association between activation of the rennin angiote nsion system and secondary ery- throcy-tosis in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 显示文摘 | Vlahakos DV Kosmas EN Dimopoulou I | 1999 | Am J Med1999，1062，： | 1 |
| 20 | Association of estradiol levels on the day of hCG administration and pregnancy achievement in 显示文摘 | Kosmas I olibianakis E Devroey P | 2004 | Hum Reprod2004，19，： | 1 |
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