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| 1 | Dysregulation of gastric H,K-ATPase by cigarette smoke extract显示文摘AIM:To test whether the expression and activity of H,K-ATPase in parietal cells would be affected by cigarette smoke extract.METHODS: Extracts of cigarette smoke were administered into mice by gastric gavage (5 mg/kg body weight/day) for 3 d or in drinking water for 7 or 14 d. For the latter, each day a mouse consumed 5 mL water containing extracts of two cigarettes, on average. Control littermate mice received only vehicle. To compare the amount of H,K-ATPase in control and smoke-treated mice, the stomach was processed for Western blotting and immunohistochemical analysis using monoclonal antibodies specific for α- or β-subunits of H,K-ATPase. The p-nitrophenylphospatase activity assay was used as a measurement for K-dependent H,K-ATPase activity.RESULTS: Probed transblots showed an increase in the amount of H,K-ATPase in smoke-treated mice which was confirmed by immunohistochemistry and was found to be due to increased amounts of protein per parietal cell rather than an increased parietal cell number. The increase in the amount of H,K-ATPase was associated with an enhancement of its enzymatic activity. K-dependent activity in control and smoke-treated mice was significantly different (respectively, 0.12 μmol/mg vs 0.27 μmol/mg per minute, P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Administration of cigarette smoke extract is associated with an increase in the amount and activity of H,K-ATPase and hence, smokers are susceptible to development of peptic ulcer. | Muna Hammadi Mohamed Adi Rony John Ghalia AK Khoder Sherif M Karam | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，32： | 7 |
| 2 | Ghrelin attenuates gastrointestinal epithelial damage induced by doxorubicin显示文摘AIM:To examine the influence of ghrelin on the regenerative potential of gastrointestinal(GI)epithelium.METHODS:Damage to GI epithelium was induced in mice by two intravenous injections of doxorubicin(10 and 6 mg/kg).Some of the doxorubicin-treated mice received a continuous subcutaneous infusion of ghrelin(1.25μg/h)for 10 d via implanted mini-osmotic pumps.To label dividing stem cells in the S-phase of the cell cycle,all mice received a single intraperitoneal injection of 5'-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine(BrdU)one hour before sacrifice.The stomach along with the duodenum were then removed and processed for histological examination and immunohistochemistry using anti-BrdU antibody.RESULTS:The results showed dramatic damage to the GI epithelium 3 d after administration of chemotherapy which began to recover by day 10.In ghrelintreated mice,attenuation of GI mucosal damage was evident in the tissues examined postchemotherapy.Immunohistochemical analysis showed an increase in the number of BrdUlabeled cells and an alteration in their distribution along the epithelial lining in response to damage by doxorubicin.In mice treated with both doxorubicin and ghrelin,the number of BrdUlabeled cells was reduced when compared with mice treated with doxorubicin alone.CONCLUSION:The present study suggests that ghrelin enhances the regenerative potential of the GI epithelium in doxorubicintreated mice,at least in part,by modulating cell proliferation. | Mohamed A Fahim Hazem Kataya Rkia El-Kharrag Dena AM Amer Basel al-Ramadi Sherif M Karam | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，33： | 3 |
| 3 | Profiling cellular bioenergetics, glutathione levels, and caspase activities in stomach biopsies of patients with upper gastrointestinal symptoms显示文摘AIM: To measure biochemical parameters in stomach biopsies and test their suitability as diagnostic biomarkers for gastritis and precancerous lesions.METHODS: Biopsies were obtained from the stomachs of two groups of patients(n = 40) undergoing fiberoptic endoscopy due to upper gastrointestinal symptoms. In the first group(n = 17), only the corpus region was examined. Biopsies were processed for microscopic examination and measurement of mitochondrial O2 consumption(cellular respiration), cellular adenosine triphosphate(ATP), glutathione(GSH), and caspase activity. In the second group of patients(n = 23), both corpus and antral regions were studied. Some biopsies were processed for microscopic examination, while the others were used for measurements of cellular respiration and GSH level.RESULTS: Microscopic examinations of gastric corpus biopsies from 17 patients revealed normal mucosae in 8 patients, superficial gastritis in 7 patients, and chronic atrophic gastritis in 1 patient. In patients with normal histology, the rate(mean ± SD) of cellular respiration was 0.17 ± 0.02 μmol/L O2 min-1 mg-1, ATP content was 487 ± 493 pmol/mg, and GSH was 469 ± 98 pmol/mg. Caspase activity was detected in 3 out of 8 specimens. The values of ATP and caspase activity were highly variable. The presence of superficial gastritis had insignificant effects on the measured biomarkers. In the patient with atrophic gastritis, cellular respiration was high andATP was relatively low, suggesting uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation. In the second cohort of patients, the examined biopsies showed either normal or superficial gastritis. The rate of cellular respiration(O2. μmol/L min-1 mg-1) was slightly higher in the corpus than the antrum(0.18 ± 0.05 vs 0.15 ± 0.04, P = 0.019). The value of GSH was about the same in both tissues(310 ± 135 vs 322 ± 155, P = 0.692).CONCLUSION: The corpus mucosa was metabolically more active than the antrum tissue. The data in this study will help in understanding the pathophysiology of gastric mucosa. | Ali S Alfazari Bayan Al-Dabbagh Wafa Al-Dhaheri Mazen S Taha Ahmad A Chebli Eva M Fontagnier Zaher Koutoubi Jose Kochiyi Sherif M Karam Abdul-Kader Souid | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，2： | 2 |
| 4 | A focus on parietal cells as a renewing cell population显示文摘The fact that the acidsecreting parietal cells undergo continuous renewal has been ignored by many gastroenterologists and cell biologists. In the past, it was thought that these cells were static. However, by using 3Hthymidine radioautography in combination with electron microscopy, it was possible to demonstrate that parietal cells belong to a continuously renewing epithelial cell lineage. In the gastric glands, stem cells anchored in the isthmus region are responsible for the production of parietal cells. The stem cells give rise to three main progenitors: prepit, preneck and preparietal cells. Parietal cells develop either directly from the noncycling preparietal cells or less commonly via differentiation of the cycling prepit and preneck cell progenitors. The formation of a parietal cell is a sequential process which involves diminishment of glycocalyx, production of cytoplasmic tubulovesicles, an increase in number and length of microvilli, an increase in number and size of mitochondria, and fi nally, expansion and invagination of the apical membrane with the formation of an intracellular canalicular system. Little is known about the genetic counterparts of these morphological events. However, the time dimension of parietal cell production and the consequences of its alteration on the biological features of the gastric gland are well documented. The production of a new parietal cell takes about 2 d. However, mature parietal cells have a long lifespan during which they migrate bidirectionally while their functional activity for acid secretion gradually diminishes. Following an average lifespan of about 54 d, in mice, old parietal cells undergo degeneration and elimination. Various approaches for genetic alteration of the development of parietal cells have provided evidence in support of their role as governors of the stem/progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation programs. Revealing the dynamic features and the various roles of parietal cells would help in a better understanding of the biological features of the gastric glands and would hopefully help in providing a basis for the development of new strategies for prevention, early detection and/or therapy of various gastric disorders in which parietal cells are involved, such as atrophic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer. | Sherif M Karam | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，5： | 2 |
| 5 | A Microwave Polarimetric Scattering Model for Forest Canopies Based on Vector Radiative Transfer Theory显示文摘 | Karam M A Amar F Fung A K | 1995 | Remote Sens Environ1995，53，1： | 1 |
| 6 | Lot sizing with random yield and different qualities 显示文摘 | Maddah B Salameh M K Karame G M | 2009 | Applied Mathematical Modeling2009，33，4： | 1 |
| 7 | Helicobacter pylori evolution during progression from chronic atrophic gastritis to gastric cancer and its impact on gastric stem Cells显示文摘 | Giannakis M Chen SL Karam SM | 2008 | Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A2008，105，11： | 1 |
| 8 | Bond-slip response of reinforcing bars embedded in plain and fiber concrete显示文摘 | Harajli M Hamad B Karam K | 2002 | Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering2002，14，50： | 1 |
| 9 | Confinement effectiveness in rectangular eonereteeolumns with fiber reinforced polymer wraps 显示文摘 | Karam G Tabbara M | 2005 | Journal of Composites for Construction2005，9，5： | 1 |
| 10 | Evaluation of E-learning program versus traditional lecture instruction for undergraduate nursing students in a faculty of nursing显示文摘 | Abdelaziz M Samer Kamel S Karam O | 2011 | Teaching and Learning in Nursing2011，6，2： | 1 |
| 11 | Effect of salinity on water stress, growth, and yield of maize and sunflower显示文摘 | Katerji N van Hoorn J W Hamdy A Karam F Mastrorilli M | 1996 | Agricultural Water Management1996，30，： | 1 |
| 12 | Enhancement of Underwater Image Using Fuzzy Histogram Equalization显示文摘 | Karam G S Abood Z M Saleh R N | 2013 | International Journal of Applied Information Systems2013，6，6： | 1 |
| 13 | Electromagnetic Wave Scattering from Some Vegetation Samples显示文摘 | Karam M A Fung A K Antar Y M M | 1988 | IEEE Trans on Geosci and Remote Sers1988，26，6： | 1 |
| 14 | Evaluation of the prognostic value of IFN-gamma release assay and tuberculin skin test in household contacts of infectious tuberculosis cases in Senegal 显示文摘 | Lienhardt C Fielding K Hane AA Niang A Ndao CT Karam F Fletcher H Mbow F Oomis JF Diadhiou R Toupane M Dieye T Mboup S | 2010 | PLoS One2010，5，10： | 1 |
| 15 | Electromagnetic Scattering from a Layer of Finite Randomly Oriented Dielectric Circular Cylinders over a Rough Interface with Application to Vegetation显示文摘 | Karam M A Fung A K | 1988 | Int J Remote Sensing1988，9，6： | 1 |
| 16 | Local bond stress-slip relationship of reinforcing embedded in fiber reinforced concrete 显示文摘 | HARAJLI M HAMAD B KARAM K | 1975 | ACI Mater Journal1975，92，4： | 1 |
| 17 | CMOS-compatible temperature sensor with digital output for wide temperature range applications显示文摘 | Bianchi R A Karam J M Courtois B | 2000 | MicroelectronicsJournal2000，31，： | 1 |
| 18 | Morphological Reversible Contour Representation显示文摘 | YASSIN M Y KARAM L J | 2000 | IEEE Transform on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence2000，22，3： | 1 |
| 19 | Morphological text extraction from images显示文摘 | HASAN Y M Y KARAM L J | 2000 | IEEE Transactions on Image Processing2000，9，11： | 1 |
| 20 | An abstract model for testing MVC and workflow based Web applications显示文摘 | Karam M Keirouz W Hage R | 2006 | Proceeding of the Advanced Int''l Conference on Telecommunications and Int''l Conference on Internet and Web Applications and Services2006，，： | 1 |
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