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| 1 | Identification of syndrome X using intravascular ultrasound imaging and Doppler flow mapping显示文摘Background The purpose of this study was to assess the morphological changes and physiological function of coronary arteries in patients presenting with chest pain but having normal coronary angiograms, using intravascular ultrasound imaging (IVUS) and intracoronary Doppler (ICD) flow measurements, in order to elucidate the mechanism of syndrome X. Methods A total of 126 patients [67 males, 59 females, mean age (53.1±13.0) years] who experienced chest pain but had normal coronary angiograms were included in this study. ICD flow measurements of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) were performed using a Cardiometrics FloMap Ⅱ system. Coronary flow velocity reserve (CFVR) was defined as the ratio of the average peak velocity during hyperemia to that at baseline, induced by an intracoronary bolus injection of 18 μg adenosine. A 3.2F or 2.9F 30 MHz mechanical rotating ultrasound catheter (CVIS, Boston Scientific) or a 3.0F 20MHz electronic ultrasound catheter (Endosonics) was used for IVUS. Results The mean CFVR value of the LAD was 2.71±0.74. Reduction of CFVR (<3.0) was found in 82 of 126 (65.1%) patients. IVUS images of the LAD were available for 109 patients. Plaque formation was detected in 76/109 (69.7%) patients. Based on the presence or absence of plaque formation as well as the reduction or non-reduction of CFVR, patients were divided into four groups: Group Ⅰ (n=10), normal IVUS findings and normal CFVR; Group Ⅱ (n=23), normal IVUS findings with reduction in CFVR; Group Ⅲ (n=29), IVUS evidence of plaque formation but normal CFVR; and Group Ⅳ (n=47), IVUS evidence of plaque formation with reduction in CFVR. Conclusion This study shows the important clinical value of a combination of IVUS and ICD in diagnosing patients with angiographically normal coronary arteries. Only 10% of patients studied (Group Ⅰ) were found to be truly free of coronary disease, while 20% of patients (Group Ⅱ) would be diagnosed as suffering from syndrome X. | 钱菊英 葛均波 樊冰 王齐兵 陈灏珠 Dietrich Baumgart Michael Haude Raimund Erbel | 2004 | Chinese Medical Journal2004，，4： | 4 |
| 2 | Coronary microembolization显示文摘 | Heusch G Schulz R Haude M | 2004 | J Mol Cell Cardiol2004，37，1： | 1 |
| 3 | Coronary microembolization 显示文摘 | Heusch G Schulz R Haude M | 2004 | JMol Cell Cardiol2004，37，1： | 1 |
| 4 | Online integration ofintravascular ultrasound images into angiographic images 显示文摘 | Baumgart D Haude M Ge J | 1996 | Cathet Cardiovasc Diagn1996，39，3： | 1 |
| 5 | Infectious complications related to the use of the Angio - Seal hemostatic puncture closure device 显示文摘 | Eggebrecht H Haude M Baumgart D | 2000 | Cath Cardiovasc Intervent2000，49，： | 1 |
| 6 | Serum cardiac troponin T as a prognostic marker in early sepsis显示文摘 | Haude V Fitzner R | 1998 | Chest1998，113，： | 1 |
| 7 | Augmented-adrenergic constriction of atherosclerotic human coronary arteries显示文摘 | HAUDE M GOERGE G | 1999 | Circulation1999，99，： | 1 |
| 8 | Randomized eomparison of eptifibatide versus abeiximab in primarypercutaneous coronary intervention in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: results of the EVA AMI Trial显示文摘 | Zeymer U Margenet A Haude M | 2010 | J Am Coil Cardiol2010，56，6： | 1 |
| 9 | Safety and performance of the drug-eluting absorbable metal scaffold (DREAMS) in patients with de-novo coronary lesions:12 month results of the prospective,multicentre,first-in-man BIOSOLVE-I trial显示文摘 | Haude M Erbel R Erne P | 2013 | Lancet2013，381，9869： | 1 |
| 10 | Heparin-coated stent placement for the treatment of stenoses in small coronary arteries of symptomatic patients 显示文摘 | Haude M Konorza TF Kalnins U | 2003 | Circulation2003，107，9： | 1 |
| 11 | Analyzing the role of receptor internalization in the regulation of melanin-concentrating hormone signaling显示文摘 | Moden JI Haude K Carroll R | 2013 | Int 1 Endocrinol2013，20，13： | 1 |
| 12 | 显示文摘 | Barten R Torkar M Haude A | 2001 | Trends in Immunology2001，22，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Glucocorticoid treatment prevents progressive myocardial dysfunction resulting from experimental coronary microembolization显示文摘 | Skyschally A Haude M D(o)rge H | 2004 | Circulation2004，109，19： | 1 |
| 14 | Abnormal coronary flow velocity reserve after coronary intervention is associated with cardac marker elevation 显示文摘 | Herrmann J Haude M Lerman A | 2001 | Circulation2001，103，20： | 1 |
| 15 | Coronary microembolization 显示文摘 | Heusch G Schulz R Haude M | 2004 | J Mol Cell Cardiol2004，37，1： | 1 |
| 16 | Abnormal coronary flow velocity reserve after coronary intervention is associated with cardiac marker elevation显示文摘 | Herrmann J Haude M Lerman A | 2001 | Circulation2001，103，19： | 1 |
| 17 | Glucocorticoid treatment prevents progressive myocardial dysfunction resulting from experimental coronary microembolization 显示文摘 | Skyschally A Haude M Dorge H | 2004 | Circulation2004，109，： | 1 |
| 18 | Epidemiology of pancreatic cancer 显示文摘 | Mic haud DS | 2004 | Minerva Chir2004，59，2： | 1 |
| 19 | Acute plaque rupture and myocardial stunning in patient with normal coronary arteriography 显示文摘 | Baumgart D Liu F Haude M | 1995 | Lancet1995，346，19： | 1 |
| 20 | Leukocyte receptor complex-encoded immunomodulatory receptors show differing specificity for alternative HLA-B27 structures显示文摘 | Allen RL Raine T Haude A | 2001 | J Immuno12001，167，： | 1 |
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