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| 1 | Prediction of severe acute pancreatitis:Current knowledge and novel insights显示文摘Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common and potentially lethal acute inflammatory process with a highly variable clinical course. It is still unclear why some patients progress to organ failure and others do not. Physicians, ability to predict which patients will develop severe disease is limited. Routine clinical and laboratory data and multi-factorial clinical scores measured on admission and during the first 48 h of hospitalization are currently the standards of care used to estimate the magnitude of the inflammatory response to injury. Current literature highlights several common environmental, metabolic and genetic factors that increase the risk of AP development and subsequent adverse sequelae. Several cytokines have been found to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of AP by driving the subsequent inflammatory response, to include tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), Interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6 and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1). Large, prospective studies are still needed to address these questions by identifying AP risk factors and serum biomarkers of severe disease. | Georgios I Papachristou | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，41： | 48 |
| 2 | Recurrence of choledocholithiasis following endoscopic bile duct clearance: Long term results and factors associated with recurrent bile duct stones显示文摘AIM To evaluate the rate of recurrence of symptomatic chol-edocholithiasis and identify factors associated with the recurrence of bile duct stones in patients who underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) and endoscopic sphincterotomy(EST) for bile duct stone disease.METHODS All patients who underwent ERCP and EST for bile duct stone disease and had their bile duct cleared from 1/1/2005 until 31/12/2008 was enrolled. All symptomatic recurrences during the study period(until 31/12/2015) were recorded. Clinical and laboratory data potentially associated with common bile duct(CBD) stone recurrence were retrospectively retrieved from patients' files.RESULTS A total of 495 patients were included. Sixty seven(67) out of 495 patients(13.5%) presented with recurrent symptomatic choledocholithiasis after 35.28 ± 16.9 mo while twenty two(22) of these patients(32.8%) experienced a second recurrence after 35.19 ± 23.2 mo. Factors associated with recurrence were size(diameter) of the largest CBD stone found at first presentation(10.2 ± 6.9 mm vs 7.2 ± 4.1 mm, P = 0.024), diameter of the CBD at the first examination(15.5 ± 6.3 mm vs 12.0 ± 4.6 mm, P = 0.005), use of mechanical lithotripsy(ML)(P = 0.04) and presence of difficult lithiasis(P = 0.04). Periampullary diverticula showed a trend towards significance(P = 0.066). On the contrary, number of stones, angulation of the CBD, number of ERCP sessions required to clear the CBD at first presentation, more than one ERCP session needed to clear the bile duct initially and a gallbladder in situ did not influence recurrence. CONCLUSION Bile duct stone recurrence is a possible late complication following endoscopic stone extraction and CBD clearance. It appears to be associated with anatomical parameters(CBD diameter) and stone characteristics(stone size, use of ML, difficult lithiasis) at first presentation. | Christos Konstantakis Christos Triantos Vasileios Theopistos Georgios Theocharis Ioannis Maroulis Georgia Diamantopoulou Konstantinos Thomopoulos | 2017 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2017，9，1： | 46 |
| 3 | Efficacy of prone position in acute respiratory distress syndrome patients: A pathophysiology-based review显示文摘Acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS) is a syndrome with heterogeneous underlying pathological processes. It represents a common clinical problem in intensive care unit patients and it is characterized by high mortality. The mainstay of treatment for ARDS is lung protective ventilation with low tidal volumes and positive end-expiratory pressure sufficient for alveolar recruitment. Prone positioning is a supplementary strategy available in managing patients with ARDS. It was first described 40 years ago and it proves to be in alignment with two major ARDS pathophysiological lung models; the 'sponge lung'- and the 'shape matching'-model. Current evidence strongly supports that prone positioning has beneficial effects on gas exchange, respiratory mechanics, lung protection and hemodynamics as it redistributes transpulmonary pressure, stress and strain throughout the lung and unloads the right ventricle. The factors that individually influence the time course of alveolar recruitment and the improvement in oxygenation during prone positioning have not been well characterized. Although patients' response to prone positioning is quite variable and hard to predict, large randomized trials and recent meta-analyses show that prone position in conjunction with a lung-protective strategy, when performed early and in sufficient duration, may improve survival in patients with ARDS. This pathophysiology-based review and recent clinical evidence strongly support the use of prone positioning in the early management of severe ARDS systematically and not as a rescue maneuver or a last-ditch effort. | Vasilios Koulouras Georgios Papathanakos Athanasios Papathanasiou Georgios Nakos | 2016 | World Journal of Critical Care Medicine2016，5，2： | 39 |
| 4 | Intussusception of the bowel in adults:A review显示文摘Intussusception of the bowel is defined as the telescop-ing of a proximal segment of the gastrointestinal tract within the lumen of the adjacent segment.This condi-tion is frequent in children and presents with the classic triad of cramping abdominal pain,bloody diarrhea and a palpable tender mass.However,bowel intussusception in adults is considered a rare condition,accounting for 5% of all cases of intussusceptions and almost 1%-5%of bowel obstruction.Eight to twenty percent of cases are idiopathic,without a lead point lesion.Secondary intus-susception is caused by organic lesions,such as inflam-matory bowel disease,postoperative adhesions,Meckel's diverticulum,benign and malignant lesions,metastatic neoplasms or even iatrogenically,due to the presence of intestinal tubes,jejunostomy feeding tubes or after gas-tric surgery.Computed tomography is the most sensitive diagnostic modality and can distinguish between intus-susceptions with and without a lead point.Surgery is the definitive treatment of adult intussusceptions.Formal bowel resection with oncological principles is followed for every case where a malignancy is suspected.Reduction of the intussuscepted bowel is considered safe for benign lesions in order to limit the extent of resection or to avoid the short bowel syndrome in certain circumstances. | Athanasios Marinis Anneza Yiallourou Lazaros Samanides Nikolaos Dafnios Georgios Anastasopoulos Ioannis Vassiliou Theodosios Theodosopoulos | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，4： | 31 |
| 5 | 青少年早期专项化训练学者共识显示文摘青少年早期专项化训练(Early sport specialization,ESS)是关乎青少年竞技运动训练科学化的重要问题,也是国内外体育科学领域持续关注的热点问题。通过文献资料法,明晰青少年早期专项化的概念,梳理早期专项化的基本内涵,归纳青少年早期专项化训练的国际经验及可能导致的负面影响,提出青少年专项化训练科学化的应对之策。基于此,拟定如下学者共识:第一、青少年早期专项化训练是指在青春期之前围绕一个特定运动项目进行的高强度的训练;第二、尽管诸如体操、跳水等运动项目要求很早(6~9岁)进行专项化训练,但绝不能忽视早期专项化训练极易对动作技能学习、运动技能学习、体能训练科学化、长期职业生涯发展及身体健康等造成的不良影响;第三、对于大多数运动项目来说,青少年相对较晚的进行专项化训练、或早期进行多样化训练且在晚期进行高水平专项化训练,成年后在竞技体育领域获得成功的概率更高;第四、技术主导类项目可以在正确动作模式基础上开展早期专项化训练,训练过程中应高度关注动作质量,避免出现动作模式异常诱发运动损伤;第五、青少年专项训练科学化的根本在于建立集体能、技术、战术、心理、运动智商及人文素养于一体的训练体系;第六、青少年专项训练科学化的关键在于依据生理年龄和身体机能发育特征,强化青少年各个时期体能训练科学化;第七、青少年早期专项化训练的综合应对策略为:选择合适的早期专项化训练时机、构建青少年长期发展模型、强化青少年多样化训练、训练与监控充分结合,以及建立与年龄相适应的赛事体系;第八、倡导以健康和快乐作为青少年参与体育运动的价值导向,以培养终身体育素养作为青少年参与体育运动的根本目标。 | 李丹阳 赵焕彬 杨世勇 李春雷 闫琪 史东林 王雄 尹晓峰 牛雪松 曹晓东 李山 李豪杰 孙君志 史衍 李赞 戴剑松 任占兵 史兵 张婧 曲国洋 甄志平 刘俊一 于亮 裘鹏 邹晓峰 张利锋 杜长亮 黄彩华 黄岩 胡晓燕 张卫 牛永刚 马瑞 张秀丽 徐飞 赵华 李恩荆 崔运坤 黄森 黄信嘉 张琰 黄展煜 王川 Georgios Nassis 路文平 吕万刚 | 2020 | 成都体育学院学报2020，46，3： | 29 |
| 6 | Cooperative laparoscopic endoscopic and hybrid laparoscopic surgery for upper gastrointestinal tumors: Current status显示文摘AIM: To investigate the cooperative laparoscopic and endoscopic techniques used for the resection of upper gastrointestinal tumors.METHODS: A systematic research of the literature was performed in Pub Med for English and French language articles about laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative,combined,hybrid and rendezvous techniques. Only original studies using these techniques for the resection of early gastric cancer,benign tumors and gastrointestinal stromal tumors of the stomach and the duodenum were included. By excluding case series of less than 10 patients,25 studies were identified. The study design,number of cases,tumor pathology size and location,the operative technique name,the endoscopy team and surgical team role,operative time,type of closure of visceral wall defect,blood loss,complications and length of hospital stay of these studies were evaluated. Additionally all cooperative techniques found were classified and are presented in a systematic approach.RESULTS: The studies identified were case series and retrospective cohort studies. A total of 706 patients were operated on with a cooperative technique. The tumors resected were only gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GIST) in 4 studies,GIST and various benign submucosal tumors in 22 studies,early gastric cancer(p T1 a and p T1b) in 6 studies and early duodenal cancer in 1 study. There was important heterogeneity between the studies. The operative techniques identified were:laparoscopic assisted endoscopic resection,endoscopic assisted wedge resection,endoscopic assisted transgastric and intragastric surgery,laparoscopic endoscopic cooperative surgery(LECS),laparoscopic assisted endoscopic full thickness resection(LAEFR),clean non exposure technique and non-exposed endoscopic wallinversion surgery(NEWS). Each technique is illustrated with the roles of the endoscopic and laparoscopic teams; the indications,characteristics and short term results are described.CONCLUSION: Along with the traditional cooperative techniques,new procedures like LECS,LAEFR and NEWS hold great promise for the future of minimally invasive oncologic procedures. | Dimitrios Ntourakis Georgios Mavrogenis | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，43： | 23 |
| 7 | Molecular basis of the irritable bowel syndrome显示文摘Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)is a functional disorder characterized by abdominal pain,discomfort and bloating.The pathophysiology of IBS is poorly understood,but the presence of psychosocial basis is now known.There is an increasing number of publications supporting the role of genetics in IBS.Most of the variations are found in genes associated with the brain-gut axis,revealing the strong correlation of brain-gut axis and IBS.miRNAs,which play critical roles in physiological processes,are not well studied in IBS.However,so far there is found an involvement of alterations in miRNA expression or sequence,in IBS symptoms.IBS phenotype is affected by epigenetic alteration and environment.Changes in DNA and histone methylation are observed in patients who suffered childhood trauma or abuse,resulting in altered gene expression,such as the glucocorticoid receptor gene.Finally,diet is another factor associated with IBS,which may contribute to symptom onset.Certain foods may affect on bacterial metabolism and epigenetic modifications,predisposing to IBS. | Anna Vaiopoulou Georgios Karamanolis Theodora Psaltopoulou George Karatzias Maria Gazouli | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，2： | 21 |
| 8 | Modified porous tantalum rod technique for the treatment of femoral head osteonecrosis显示文摘AIM: To study a modified porous tantalum technique for the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head.METHODS: The porous tantalum rod was combined with endoscopy,curettage,autologous bone grafting and use of bone marrow aspirates from iliac crest aspiration in 49 patients(58 hips) with a mean age of 38 years.The majority of the patients had idiopathic osteonecrosis,followed by corticosteroid-induced osteonecrosis.Thirtyeight hips were of Steinberg stage Ⅱ disease and 20 hips were of stage Ⅲ disease.Patients were followed for 5 years and were evaluated clinically with the Merle D'Aubigne and Postel score and radiologically.The primary outcome of the study was survival based on the conversion to total hip arthroplasty(THA).Secondary outcomes included deterioration of the osteonecrosis to a higher disease stage at 5 years compared to the preoperative period and identification of factors that were associated with survival.The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed to evaluate the survivorship ofthe prosthesis,and the Fisher exact test was performed to test associations between various parameters with survival.RESULTS: No patient developed any serious intraoperative or postoperative complication including implant loosening or migration and donor site morbidity.During the 5-year follow up,1 patient died,7 patients had disease progression and 4 hips were converted to THA.The 5-year survival based on conversion to THA was 93.1% and the respective rate based on disease progression was 87.9%.Stage Ⅱ disease was associated with statistically significant better survival rates compared to stage Ⅲ disease(P = 0.04).The comparison between idiopathic and non-idiopathic osteonecrosis and between steroid-induced and non-steroid-induced osteonecrosis did not showed any statistically significant difference in survival rates.The clinical evaluation revealed statistically significantly improved Merle d'Aubigne scores at 12 mo postoperatively compared to the preoperative period(P < 0.001).The mean preoperative Merle d'Aubigne score was 13.0(SD: 1.8).The respective score at 12 mo improved to 17.0(SD: 2.0).The 12-mo mean score was retained at 5 years.CONCLUSION: The modified porous tantalum rod technique presented here showed encouraging outcomes.The survival rates based on conversion to THA are the lowest reported in the published literature. | Emilios E Pakos Panayiotis Megas Nikolaos K Paschos Spyridon A Syggelos Antonios Kouzelis Georgios Georgiadis Theodoros A Xenakis | 2015 | World Journal of Orthopedics2015，6，10： | 20 |
| 9 | Clinical outcomes of isolated renal failure compared to other forms of organ failure in patients with severe acute pancreatitis显示文摘AIM To assess differences in clinical outcomes of isolated renal failure(RF) compared to other forms of organ failure(OF) in patients with severe acute pancreatitis(SAP).METHODS Using a prospectively maintained database of patients with acute pancreatitis admitted to a tertiary medical center between 2003 and 2016, those with evidence of persistent OF were classified to renal, respiratory, cardiovascular, or multi-organ(2 or more organs). Data regarding demographics, comorbidities, etiology of acute pancreatitis, and clinical outcomes were prospectively recorded. Differences in clinical outcomes after development of isolated RF in comparison to other forms of OF were determined using independent t and Mann-Whitney U tests for continues variables, and χ~2 test for discrete variables.RESULTS Among 500 patients with acute pancreatitis, 111 patients developed persistent OF: mean age was 54 years, and 75(67.6%) were male. Forty-three patients had isolated OF: 17(15.3%) renal, 25(21.6%) respiratory, and 1(0.9%) patient with cardiovascular failure. No differences in demographics, etiology of acute pancreatitis, systemic inflammatory response syndrome scores, or development of pancreatic necrosis were seen between patients with isolated RF vs isolated respiratory failure. Patients with isolated RF were less likely to require nutritional support(76.5% vs 96%, P = 0.001), ICU admission(58.8% vs 100%, P = 0.001), and had shorter mean ICU stay(2.4 d vs 15.7 d, P < 0.001), compared to isolated respiratory failure. None of the patients with isolated RF or isolated respiratory failure died.CONCLUSION Among patients with SAP per the Revised Atlanta Classification, approximately 15% develop isolated RF. This subgroup seems to have a less protracted clinical course compared to other forms of OF. Isolated RF might be weighed less than isolated respiratory failure in risk predictive modeling of acute pancreatitis. | Amir Gougol Mohannad Dugum Anwar Dudekula Phil Greer Adam Slivka David C Whitcomb Dhiraj Yadav Georgios I Papachristou | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，29： | 20 |
| 10 | Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography-related perforations: Diagnosis and management显示文摘Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) has become an important therapeutic modality for biliary and pancreatic disorders. Perforation is one of the most feared complications of ERCP and endoscopic sphincterotomy. A MEDLINE search was performedfrom 2000-2014 using the keywords 'perforation', 'ERCP' and 'endoscopic sphincterotomy'. All articles including more than nine cases were reviewed. The incidence of ERCP-related perforations was low(0.39%, 95%CI: 0.34-0.69) with an associated mortality of 7.8%(95%CI: 3.80-13.07). Endoscopic sphincterotomy was responsible for 41% of perforations, insertion and manipulations of the endoscope for 26%, guidewires for 15%, dilation of strictures for 3%, other instruments for 4%, stent insertion or migration for 2% and in 7% of cases the etiology was unknown. The diagnosis was made during ERCP in 73% of cases. The mechanism, site and extent of injury, suggested by clinical and radiographic findings, should guide towards operative or non-operative management. In type I perforations early surgical repair is indicated, unless endoscopic closure can be achieved. Patients with type II perforations should be treated initially non-operatively. Non-operative treatment includes biliary stenting, fasting, intravenous fluid resuscitation, nasogastric drainage, broad spectrum antibiotics, percutaneous drainage of fluid collections. Non-operative treatment was successful in 79% of patients with type II injuries, with an overall mortality of 9.4%. Non-operative treatment was sufficient in all patients with type III injuries. Surgical technique depends on timing, site and size of defect and clinical condition of the patient. In conclusion, diagnosis is based on clinical suspicion and clinical and radiographic findings. Whilst surgery is usually indicated in patients with type I injuries, patients with type II or III injuries should be treated initially non-operatively. A minority of them will finally require surgical intervention. | Antonios Vezakis Georgios Fragulidis Andreas Polydorou | 2015 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2015，7，14： | 17 |
| 11 | Inflammation in irritable bowel syndrome:Myth or newtreatment target?显示文摘Low-grade intestinal inflammation plays a key role in the pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome(IBS), and this role is likely to be multifactorial. The aim of this review was to summarize the evidence on the spectrum of mucosal inflammation in IBS, highlighting the relationship of this inflammation to the pathophysiology of IBS and its connection to clinical practice. We carried out a bibliographic search in Medline and the Cochrane Library for the period of January 1966 to December 2014, focusing on publications describing an interaction between inflammation and IBS. Several evidences demonstrate microscopic and molecular abnormalities in IBS patients. Understanding the mechanisms underlying low-grade inflammation in IBS may help to design clinical trials to test the efficacy and safety of drugs that target this pathophysiologic mechanism. | Emanuele Sinagra Giancarlo Pompei Giovanni Tomasello Francesco Cappello Gaetano Cristian Morreale Georgios Amvrosiadis Francesca Rossi Attilio Ignazio Lo Monte Aroldo Gabriele Rizzo Dario Raimondo | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，7： | 16 |
| 12 | Huanglongbing:An overview of a complex pathosystem ravaging the world's citrus显示文摘Citrus huanglongbing(HLB) has become a major disease and limiting factor of production in citrus areas that have become infected. The destruction to the affected citrus industries has resulted in a tremendous increase to support research that in return has resulted in significant information on both applied and basic knowledge concerning this important disease to the global citrus industry. Recent research indicates the relationship between citrus and the causal agent of HLB is shaped by multiple elements, in which host defense responses may also play an important role. This review is intended to provide an overview of the importance of HLB to a wider audience of plant biologists. Recent advances on host-pathogen interactions, population genetics and vectoring of the causal agent are discussed. | John V.da Graca Greg W.Douhan Susan E.Halbert Manjunath L.Keremane Richard F.Lee Georgios Vidalakis Hongwei Zhao | 2016 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2016，58，4： | 15 |
| 13 | New therapeutic perspectives in irritable bowel syndrome: Targeting low-grade inflammation, immuno-neuroendocrine axis, motility, secretion and beyond显示文摘Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)is a chronic,recurring,and remitting functional disorder of the gastrointestinal tract characterized by abdominal pain,distention,and changes in bowel habits.Although there are several drugs for IBS,effective and approved treatments for one or more of the symptoms for various IBS subtypes are needed.Improved understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms such as the role of impaired bile acid metabolism,neurohormonal regulation,immune dysfunction,the epithelial barrier and the secretory properties of the gut has led to advancements in the treatment of IBS.With regards to therapies for restoring intestinal permeability,multiple studies with prebiotics and probiotics are ongoing,even if to date their efficacy has been limited.In parallel,much progress has been made in targeting low-grade inflammation,especially through the introduction of drugs such as mesalazine and rifaximin,even if a better knowledge of the mechanisms underlying the low-grade inflammation in IBS may allow the design of clinical trials that test the efficacy and safety of such drugs.This literature review aims to summarize the findings related to new and investigational therapeutic agents for IBS,most recently developed in preclinical as well as Phase 1 and Phase 2clinical studies. | Emanuele Sinagra Gaetano Cristian Morreale Ghazaleh Mohammadian Giorgio Fusco Valentina Guarnotta Giovanni Tomasello Francesco Cappello Francesca Rossi Georgios Amvrosiadis Dario Raimondo | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，36： | 14 |
| 14 | Promoter methylation status of hMLH1,MGMT,and CDKN2A/p16 in colorectal adenomas显示文摘AIM:To investigate aberrant DNA methylation of CpG islands and subsequent low-or high-level DNA microsatellite instability(MSI)which is assumed to drive colon carcinogenesis. METHODS:DNA of healthy individuals,adenoma(tu-bular or villous/tubulovillous)patients,and colorectal carcinoma patients who underwent colonoscopy was used for assessing the prevalence of aberrant DNA methylation of human DNA mismatch repair gene mutator L homologue 1(hMLH1),Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A(CDKN2A/p16),and O-6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase(MGMT),as well as their rela- tion to MSI. RESULTS:The frequency of promoter methylation for each locus increased in the sequence healthy tissue/adenoma/carcinoma.MGMT showed the highest frequency in each group.MGMT and CDKN2A/p16 presented a statistically significant increase in promoter methylation between the less and more tumorigenic forms of colorectal adenomas(tubular vs tubullovillous and villous adenomas).All patients with tubulovillous/villous adenomas,as well as all colorectal cancer patients,showed promoter methylation in at least one of the examined loci.These findings suggest a potentially crucial role for methylation in the polyp/adenoma to cancer progres- sion in colorectal carcinogenesis.MSI and methylation seem to be interdependent,as simultaneous hMLH1, CDKN2A/p16,and MGMT promoter methylation was present in 8/9 colorectal cancer patients showing the MSI phenotype. CONCLUSION:Methylation analysis of hMLH1,CD- KN2A/p16,and MGMT revealed specific methylation profiles for tubular adenomas,tubulovillous/villous adenomas,and colorectal cancers,supporting the use of these alterations in assessment of colorectal tumorigenesis. | Vasiliki Psofaki Chryssoula Kalogera Nikolaos Tzambouras Dimitrios Stephanou Epameinondas Tsianos Konstantin Seferiadis Georgios Kolios | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，28： | 14 |
| 15 | Contribution of ghrelin to functional gastrointestinal disorders' pathogenesis显示文摘Functional gastrointestinal disorders(FGID) are heterogeneous disorders with a variety of clinical manifestations, primarily defined by signs and symptoms rather than a definite underlying cause. Their pathophysiology remains obscure and, although it is expected to differ according to the specific FGID, disruptions in the brain-gut axis are now thought to be a common denominator in their pathogenesis. The hormone ghrelin is an important component of this axis,exerting a wide repertoire of physiological actions, including regulation of gastrointestinal motility and protection of mucosal tissue. Ghrelin's gene shows genetic polymorphism, while its protein product undergoes complex regulation and metabolism in the human body. Numerous studies have studied ghrelin's relation to the emergence of FGIDs, its potential value as an index of disease severity and as a predictive marker for symptom relief during attempted treatment. Despite the mixed results currently available in scientific literature, the plethora of statistically significant findings shows that disruptions in ghrelin genetics and expression are plausibly related to FGID pathogenesis. The aim of this paper is to review current literature studying these associations, in an effort to uncover certain patterns of alterations in both genetics and expression, which could delineate its true contribution to FGID emergence, either as a causative agent or as a pathogenetic intermediate. | Tilemachos Koutouratsas Theodora Kalli Georgios Karamanolis Maria Gazouli | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，5： | 14 |
| 16 | Current status of high on-treatment platelet reactivity in patients with coronary or peripheral arterial disease:Mechanisms,evaluation and clinical implications显示文摘Antiplatelet therapy with aspirin or clopidogrel or both is the standard care for patients with proven coronary or peripheral arterial disease,especially those undergoing endovascular revascularization procedures. However,despite the administration of the antiplatelet regiments,some patients still experience recurrent cardiovascular ischemic events. So far,it is well documented by several studies that in vitro response of platelets may be extremely variable. Poor antiplatelet effect of clopidogrel or high on-treatment platelet reactivity(HTPR) is under investigation by numerous recent studies. This review article focuses on methods used for the ex vivo evaluation of HTPR,as well as on the possible underlying mechanisms and the clinical consequences of this entity. Alternative therapeutic options and future directions are also addressed. | Stavros Spiliopoulos Georgios Pastromas | 2015 | World Journal of Cardiology2015，7，12： | 13 |
| 17 | A two-choice strategy through a medial tibial approach for the treatment of pilon fractures with posterior or anterior fragmentation显示文摘胫骨的 ObjectiveThe 在前面偏一边的途径为胫骨的 pilon 破裂的管理被推广了。为复杂破裂模式,一条联合 anterolateral/anteromedial 途径合适,但是复杂并发症的高率被报导了。在我们的回顾的学习,采用一条中间的胫骨的途径的二选择的策略在胫骨的 pilon 破裂的解剖研究上与前面或以后的 fragmentation.MethodsBased 为 pilon 破裂的处理被建议,我们回顾地分析了破裂与主要以后、以后侧面或前面,前面侧面( Tillaux-Chaput )远侧的胫骨的参与。这回顾的研究与关上的胫骨的天花板破裂由 18 个病人组成了。包括标准是:( 1 )前面/在前面偏一边的类型碎片的存在或一以后( Volkmann )打碎片包含>25%关节的表面,( 2 ) 12 个月的最小的后续,( 3 )腓骨破裂与远侧的胫骨的中间的列破裂联系了,并且( 4 )软组织在没损害外科的存取的选择的操作的时候调节(为关上的破裂的 Tscherne 分类:分级 0 和等级 1 ) 。胫骨的天花板破裂被分类进二个组:有以后的边界(Volkmann ) 的前面的介绍的和其它 fragments.ResultsMost 病人以运动和 Olerud-Molander 规模分数的范围完成了好临床的恢复。仅仅三个病人介绍了一个等级在是的二选择的策略热点概念以前在文学辩论了并且描述的 12 月 follow-up.ConclusionOur 的 2 骨关节炎。但是为远侧的胫骨的外科的途径的一个新扩大协议,包括更多的破裂模式和他们的协会应该进一步被调查。 | Luigi Di Giorgio Georgios Touloupakis Emmanouil Theodorakis Luca Sodano | 2013 | Chinese Journal of Traumatology2013，16，5： | 13 |
| 18 | Serum cytokine profile in patients with hepatitis B e antigen-negative chronic active hepatitis B and inactive hepatitis B virus carriers显示文摘An insufficient cellular immune response seems to be critical for the immunopathogenesis of chronic hepatitis B virus infection.We have previously demonstrated no differences of T-lymphocyte subsets in blood between inactive hepatitis B s antigen(HBsAg) carriers and patients with HBeAg-negative chronic active hepatitis B.This study investigated the peripheral blood cytokine profile in patients with HBeAg-negative chronic active hepatitis B infection(Group A,n = 21) and inactive HBsAg carriers(Group B,n = 13).Serum cytokines [interferon(IFN)-γ,tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin(IL)-1b,IL-4,IL-12,IL-10,IL-2,IL-5,IL-8] were analyzed by using flow cytometry.Patients with chronic active disease presented with significantly decreased levels of IFN-γ and IL-10 compared to inac-tive carriers(P = 0.048 and P = 0.008,respectively).In HBeAg-negative chronic active hepatitis B patients,a significant negative correlation of IFN-γ levels with serum hepatitis B viral load was noted(P = 0.021).In conclusion,patients with HBeAg-negative chronic active hepatitis B and HBsAg inactive carriers display a different cytokine profile.Decreased Th1 response observed in patients with chronic active hepatitis B could be implicated in the persistence of virus replication and ongoing progression of liver disease. | Dimitra Dimitropoulou Marina Karakantza Georgios L Theodorou Lydia Leonidou Stelios F Assimakopoulos Athanasia Mouzaki Charalambos A Gogos | 2013 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology2013，4，1： | 13 |
| 19 | Vascular endothelial growth factor for the treatment of femoral head osteonecrosis: An experimental study in canines显示文摘AIM To evaluate the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head(ONFH) with the use of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF).METHODS In 30 mature beagles(6 groups of 5 beagles) ONFH was induced cryosurgically and one of the following solutions was administered locally in the femoral head(FH) in each group: Single injection of 500 μg VEGF(t-VEGFμ group); single injection of 500 ng VEGF(t-VEGFn group); continuous delivery of 500 μg VEGF through osmotic micropump(t-VEGFpump-μ group); continuous delivery of 500 ng VEGF through osmotic micropump(t-VEGFpump-n group); single injection of 0.9% sodium chloride(t-NS group), while one group that served as control group did not receive any local solution(No-t group). FHs were retrieved 12 wk postoperatively, underwent decalcification and hematoxylin/eosin and toluidine blue staining. In two canines per group, one half of FH was processed without decalcification and stained with modified Masson Trichrome. Histological sections were observed by light microscopy and measured with a semi-automatized bone histomorphometry system and Bone Volume/Total Volume(BV/TV), Marrow Volume/Total Volume(MaV/TV), and Trabecular Thickness(TbT h) were assessed. Standard and robust tests(Welch, Brown Forsythe) of analysis of variance along with multiple comparisons, were carried out among the categories.RESULTS The untreated(No-t) group had signs of osteonecrosis, whereas the VEGF groups revealed reversal of the osteonecrosis. Statistical analysis of the decalcified specimens revealed a significantly better BV/TV ratio and a higher Tb Th between the VEGF treatment groups(except the t-VEGFn group) and the No-t group or the control t-NS group. Single dose 500 μg VEGF group had significantly better BV/TV ratio and higher Tb Th when compared to the No-t group(50.45 ± 6.18 vs 29.50 ± 12.27, P = 0.002 and 151.44 ± 19.07 vs 107.77 ± 35.15, P = 0.161 respectively) and the control t-NS group(50.45 ± 6.18 vs 30.9 ± 6.67, P = 0.004 and 151.44 ± 19.07 vs 107.14 ± 35.71, P = 0.151 respectively). Similar differences were found for the prolonged VEGF delivery/pump groups of 500 μg and 500 ng. Analysis of the totality of specimens(decalcified/non-decalcified) enhanced the aforementioned differences and additionally revealed significant differences in the comparison of the TbT h.CONCLUSION In an experimental model of ONFH in canines it was found that local treatment with VEGF leads to bone tissue remodeling and new bone formation. | Zoe H Dailiana Nikolaos Stefanou Lubna Khaldi Georgios Dimakopoulos James R Bowers Cristian Fink James R Urbaniak | 2018 | World Journal of Orthopedics2018，9，9： | 13 |
| 20 | Perioperative blood management strategies for patients undergoing total knee replacement:Where do we stand now?显示文摘Total knee replacement(TKR) is one of the most common surgeries over the last decade. Patients undergoing TKR are at high risk for postoperative anemia and furthermore for allogeneic blood transfusions(ABT). Complications associated with ABT including chills, rigor, fever, dyspnea, light-headedness should be early recognized in order to lead to a better prognosis. Therefore, perioperative blood management program should be adopted with main aim to reduce the risk of blood transfusion while maximizing hemoglobin simultaneously. Many blood conservation strategies have been attempted including preoperative autologous blood donation, acute normovolemic haemodilution, autologous blood transfusion, intraoperative cell saver, drain clamping, pneumatic tourniquet application, and the use of tranexamic acid. For practical and clinical reasons we will try to classify these strategies in three main stages/pillars: Pre-operative optimization, intra-operative and post-operative protocols. The aim of this work is review the strategies currently in use and reports our experience regarding the perioperative blood management strategies in TKR. | Tzatzairis Themistoklis Vogiatzaki Theodosia Kazakos Konstantinos Drosos I Georgios | 2017 | World Journal of Orthopedics2017，8，6： | 13 |
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