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| 1 | Field experiment on a robust hierarchical metropolitan quantum cryptography network显示文摘A hierarchical metropolitan quantum cryptography network upon the inner-city commercial telecom fiber cables is reported in this paper. The seven-user network contains a four-node backbone net with one node acting as the subnet gateway, a two-user subnet and a single-fiber access link, which is realized by the Faraday-Michelson interferometer set-ups. The techniques of the quantum router, optical switch and trusted relay are assembled here to guarantee the feasibility and expandability of the quantum cryptography network. Five nodes of the network are located in the government departments and the secure keys generated by the quantum key distribution network are utilized to encrypt the instant video, sound, text messages and confidential files transmitting between these bureaus. The whole implementation including the hierarchical quantum cryptographic communication network links and the corresponding application software shows a big step toward the practical user-oriented network with a high security level. | XU FangXing CHEN Wei WANG Shuang YIN ZhenQiang ZHANG Yang LIU Yun ZHOU Zheng ZHAO YiBo LI HongWei LIU Dong HAN ZhengFu GUO GuangCan | 2009 | Chinese Science Bulletin2009，54，17： | 40 |
| 2 | Active phase compensation of quantum key distribution system显示文摘Quantum key distribution (QKD) system must be robust enough in practical communication. Besides birefringence of fiber, system performance is notably affected by phase drift. The Faraday-Michelson QKD system can auto-compensate the birefringence of fiber, but phase shift is still a serious problem in its practical operation. In this paper, the major reason of phase drift and its effect on Faraday- Michel- son QKD system is analyzed and an effective active phase compensation scheme is proposed. By this means, we demonstrate a quantum key distribution system which can stably run over 37-km fiber in practical working condition with the long-time averaged quantum bit error rate of 1.59% and the stan- dard derivation of 0.46%. This result shows that the active phase compensation scheme is suitable to be used in practical QKD systems based on double asymmetric interferometers without additional de- vices and thermal controller. | CHEN Wei HAN ZhengFu MO XiaoFan XU FangXing WEI Guo GUO GuangCan | 2008 | Chinese Science Bulletin2008，53，9： | 24 |
| 3 | Anomalous Western Pacific Subtropical High during Late Summer in Weak La Nia Years: Contrast between 1981 and 2013显示文摘Both 1981 and 2013 were weak La Ni ?na years with a similar sea surface temperature(SST) anomaly in the tropical Pacific, yet the western Pacific subtropical high(WPSH) during August exhibited an opposite anomaly in the two years. A comparison indicates that, in the absence of a strong SST anomaly in the tropics, the cold advection from Eurasian high latitudes and the convection of the western Pacific warm pool play important roles in influencing the strength and position of the WPSH in August. In August 1981, the spatial pattern of 500 h Pa geopotential height was characterized by a meridional circulation with a strong ridge in the Ural Mountains and a deep trough in Siberia, which provided favorable conditions for cold air invading into the lower latitudes. Accordingly, the geopotential height to the north of the WPSH was reduced by the cold advection anomaly from high latitudes, resulting in an eastward retreat of the WPSH. Moreover, an anomalous cyclonic circulation in the subtropical western Pacific, excited by enhanced warm pool convection, also contributed to the eastward retreat of the WPSH. By contrast, the influence from high latitudes was relatively weak in August 2013 due to a zonal circulation pattern over Eurasia, and the anomalous anticyclonic circulation induced by suppressed warm pool convection also facilitated the westward extension of the WPSH. Therefore, the combined effects of the high latitude and tropical circulations may contribute a persistent anomaly of the WPSH in late summer, despite the tropical SST anomaly being weak. | Feng XUE Fangxing FAN | 2016 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2016，33，12： | 10 |
| 4 | Bidding strategy for wind generation considering conventional generation and transmission constraints显示文摘Under the environmental crisis of global warming,more efforts are put in application of low carbon energy,especially low-carbon electricity.Development of wind generation is one potential solution to provide lowcarbon electricity source.This paper researches operation of wind generation in a de-regulated power market.It develops bidding models under two schemes for variable wind generation to analyze the competition among generation companies(GENCOs)considering transmission constraints.The proposed method employs the supply function equilibrium(SFE)for modeling the bidding strategy of GENCOs.The bidding process is solved as a bi-level optimization problem.In the upper level,the profit of an individual GENCO is maximized;while in the lower level,the market clearing process of the independent system operator(ISO)is modeled to minimize the production cost.An intelligent search based on genetic algorithm and Monte Carlo simulation(MCS)is applied to obtain the solution.The PJM five-bus system and the IEEE 118-bus system are used for numerical studies.The results show when wind GENCOs play as strategic bidders to set the price,they can make significant profit uplifts as opposed to playing as a price taker,because the profit gain will outweigh the cost to cover wind uncertainty and reliability issues.However,this may result in an increase in total production cost and the profit of other units,which means consumers need to pay more.Thus,it is necessary to update the existing market architecture and structure considering these pros and cons in order to maintain a healthy competitive market. | Hao HUANG Fangxing LI | 2015 | Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy2015，3，1： | 9 |
| 5 | Wind power forecasting based on outlier smooth transition autoregressive GARCH model显示文摘The impacts of outlying shocks on wind power time series are explored by considering the outlier effect in the volatility of wind power time series. A novel short term wind power forecasting method based on outlier smooth transition autoregressive(OSTAR) structure is advanced, then, combined with the generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity(GARCH) model, the OSTAR-GARCH model is proposed for wind power forecasting. The proposed model is further generalized to be with fat-tail distribution.Consequently, the mechanisms of regimes against different magnitude of shocks are investigated owing to the outlier effect parameters in the proposed models. Furthermore, the outlier effect is depicted by news impact curve(NIC) and a novel proposed regime switching index(RSI). Case studies based on practical data validate the feasibility of the proposed wind power forecasting method. From the forecast performance comparison of the OSTAR-GARCH models, the OSTAR-GARCH model with fat-tail distribution proves to be promising for wind power forecasting. | Hao CHEN Fangxing LI Yurong WANG | 2018 | Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy2018，6，3： | 8 |
| 6 | Division of Matrix- and Fracture-Type Shale Oils in the Jiyang Depression and Their Differences显示文摘This study discussed the division of matrix- and fracture-type shale oils in the Jiyang Depression, and proposed the concept of fracture development coefficient. The fracture development coefficient is defined as the ratio of fault throw to the distance between a shale oil well and the nearest fault. Based on CO_2 content, state of water, oil production and logging response of shale oil formations, the classification of shale oils was established, i.e., a fracture-type shale oil well has a fracture development coefficient greater than 0.2, while a matrix-type one has a fracture development coefficient less than 0.2. Furthermore, the key control factors of matrix- and fracture-type shale oil enrichment were analyzed using typical anatomical and statistical methods. For matrix-type shale oil enrichment, these factors are lithofacies, total organic carbon(TOC), shale porosity and abnormal pressure; for fracture-type shale oil enrichment, they are lithofacies, extent of fracture development, and abnormal pressure. This study also first described the differences between matrix- and fracture-type shale oils. The results provide reference for the exploration of terrestrial faulted basins in eastern China. | NING Fangxing WANG Xuejun HAO Xuefeng ZHU Deyan ZHU Deshun | 2015 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2015，89，6： | 7 |
| 7 | IGHG1 promotes motility likely through epithelial-mesenchymal transition in ovarian cancer显示文摘Objective: Ovarian cancer(OC) is one of the leading causes of death for female cancer patients. COC166-9 is an OC-specific monoclonal antibody and we have identified immunoglobulin γ-1 heavy chain constant region(IGHG1) as its antigen. We explore the function of IGHG1 in proliferation, apoptosis and motility of OC cells further in this research.Methods: IGHG1 expression in OC specimens was detected through immunohistochemistry. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-q PCR) or western blotting assay was used to test IGHG1 expression in OC cells. Viability of OC cells was tested by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT)assay. Flow cytometry or western blotting assay was used to detect cell cycle and apoptosis. Cellular motility was analyzed by using transwell assay and the markers of epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT) were tested through immunoblots.Results: Although it exerts negligible effect on the viability and apoptosis of OC cells, IGHG1 could promote migration and invasion of malignant cells in vitro. Mechanistically, IGHG1 increases the expression of N-cadherin and Vimentin while decreases E-cadherin expression. Additionally, IGHG1 expression in OC specimens is higher relative to the paired normal counterparts. Further analysis demonstrates that the increased IGHG1 expression correlates positively with the lymph node metastasis of OC.Conclusions: IGHG1 promotes the motility of OC cells likely through executing the EMT program. Increased IGHG1 expression in OC specimens is associated with the lymph node metastasis. | Jingfeng Qian Fangxing Ji Xue Ye Hongyan Cheng Ruiqiong Ma Xiaohong Chang Chengchao Shou Heng Cui | 2018 | Chinese Journal of Cancer Research2018，30，2： | 6 |
| 8 | Anomalous Western Pacific Subtropical High during El Nino Developing Summer in Comparison with Decaying Summer显示文摘The anomalous behavior of the western Pacific subtropical high(WPSH) in El Nio developing summer is studied based on the composite results of eight major El Nio events during 1979–2013. It is shown that the WPSH tends to retreat eastwards with weak intensity during the developing summer. The anomaly exhibits an intraseasonal variation with a weaker anomaly in June and July and a stronger anomaly in August, indicating that different underlying physical mechanisms may be responsible for the anomalous WPSH during early and late summer periods. In June and July, owing to the cold advection anomaly characterized as a weak northerly anomaly from high latitudes, geopotential height in East Asia is reduced and the WPSH tends to retreat eastwards slightly. By contrast, enhanced convection over the warm pool in August makes the atmosphere more sensitive to El Nio forcing. Consequently, a cyclonic anomaly in the western Pacific is induced, which is consistent with the seasonal march of atmospheric circulation from July to August. Accordingly, geopotential height in the western Pacific is reduced significantly, and the WPSH tends to retreat eastwards remarkably in August. Different from the developing summer, geopotential height in the decaying summer over East Asia and the western Pacific tends to enhance and extend northwards from June to August consistently, reaching the maximum anomaly in August. Therefore, the seasonal march plays an important role in the WPSH anomaly for both the developing and decaying summer. | Feng XUE Xiao DONG Fangxing FAN | 2018 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2018，35，3： | 6 |
| 9 | 密云水库热氧分布模型及多年热氧分布特征模拟显示文摘水温和溶解氧是描述水生态系统最重要的两个参数,对于全面把握水质情况具有重要意义。利用实测数据进行水质分析会受到观测条件与成本的限制,因而模型与实测数据相结合的方法逐渐得到广泛应用。本研究对湖泊水质模型MINLAKE进行改进,考虑出入流使之适用于水库,并利用密云水库2005年实测水质数据对模型参数进行率定。随后利用改进的模型对密云水库1998—2011年热氧分布进行模拟。结果显示,密云水库水体的热氧分布存在规律性的年内波动,随着水位的变化,表层水温年平均值变化不明显,深层水温波动幅度加剧,年均水温显著上升;表层年均溶解氧含量没有明显变化,深层溶解氧浓度波动减弱,年均溶解氧浓度上升。改进后的MINLAKE模型能弥补现场监测频率和测点布置密度等方面的限制,给出密云水库较为合理的垂向热氧分布,基本反映出实际的热氧分布情况。 | 朱德军 段泽华 陈永灿 FANGXing | 2015 | 水利学报2015，46，10： | 4 |
| 10 | Approximating Nash Equilibrium in Day-ahead Electricity Market Bidding with Multi-agent Deep Reinforcement Learning显示文摘In this paper,a day-ahead electricity market bidding problem with multiple strategic generation company(GEN-CO)bidders is studied.The problem is formulated as a Markov game model,where GENCO bidders interact with each other to develop their optimal day-ahead bidding strategies.Considering unobservable information in the problem,a model-free and data-driven approach,known as multi-agent deep deterministic policy gradient(MADDPG),is applied for approximating the Nash equilibrium(NE)in the above Markov game.The MAD-DPG algorithm has the advantage of generalization due to the automatic feature extraction ability of the deep neural networks.The algorithm is tested on an IEEE 30-bus system with three competitive GENCO bidders in both an uncongested case and a congested case.Comparisons with a truthful bidding strategy and state-of-the-art deep reinforcement learning methods including deep Q network and deep deterministic policy gradient(DDPG)demonstrate that the applied MADDPG algorithm can find a superior bidding strategy for all the market participants with increased profit gains.In addition,the comparison with a conventional-model-based method shows that the MADDPG algorithm has higher computational efficiency,which is feasible for real-world applications. | Yan Du Fangxing Li Helia Zandi Yaosuo Xue | 2021 | Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy2021，9，3： | 3 |
| 11 | A Hybrid Dynamic Demand Control Strategy for Power System Frequency Regulation显示文摘The rapid increase in renewable energy integration brings with it a series of uncertainty to the transmission and distribution systems.In general,large-scale wind and solar power integration always cause short-term mismatch between generation and load demand because of their intermittent nature.The traditional way of dealing with this problem is to increase the spinning reserve,which is quite costly.In recent years,it has been proposed that part of the load can be controlled dynamically for frequency regulation with little impact on customers’living comfort.This paper proposes a hybrid dynamic demand control(DDC)strategy for the primary and secondary frequency regulation.In particular,the loads can not only arrest the sudden frequency drop,but also bring the frequency closer to the nominal value.With the proposed control strategy,the demand side can provide a fast and smooth frequency regulation service,thereby replacing some generation reserve to achieve a lower expense. | Qingxin Shi Hantao Cui Fangxing Li Yilu Liu Wenyun Ju Yonghui Sun | 2017 | CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems2017，3，2： | 3 |
| 12 | Robust Segmentation Method for Noisy Images Based on an Unsupervised Denosing Filter显示文摘Level-set-based image segmentation has been widely used in unsupervised segmentation tasks.Researchers have recently alleviated the influence of image noise on segmentation results by introducing global or local statistics into existing models.Most existing methods are based on the assumption that the distribution of image noise is known or observable.However,real-time images do not meet this assumption.To bridge this gap,we propose a novel level-set-based segmentation method with an unsupervised denoising mechanism.First,a denoising filter is acquired under the unsupervised learning paradigm.Second,the denoising filter is integrated into the level-set framework to separate noise from the noisy image input.Finally,the level-set energy function is minimized to acquire segmentation contours.Extensive experiments demonstrate the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed method when applied to noisy images. | Ling Zhang Jianchao Liu Fangxing Shang Gang Li Juming Zhao Yueqin Zhang | 2021 | Tsinghua Science and Technology2021，26，5： | 2 |
| 13 | Graph Computing Based Distributed Parallel Power Flow for AC/DC Systems with Improved Initial Estimate显示文摘The sequential method is easy to integrate with existing large-scale alternating current(AC)power flow solvers and is therefore a common approach for solving the power flow of AC/direct current(DC)hybrid systems.In this paper,a highperformance graph computing based distributed parallel implementation of the sequential method with an improved initial estimate approach for hybrid AC/DC systems is developed.The proposed approach is capable of speeding up the entire computation process without compromising the accuracy of result.First,the AC/DC network is intuitively represented by a graph and stored in a graph database(GDB)to expedite data processing.Considering the interconnection of AC grids via high-voltage direct current(HVDC)links,the network is subsequently partitioned into independent areas which are naturally fit for distributed power flow analysis.For each area,the fast-decoupled power flow(FDPF)is employed with node-based parallel computing(NPC)and hierarchical parallel computing(HPC)to quickly identify system states.Furthermore,to reduce the alternate iterations in the sequential method,a new decoupled approach is utilized to achieve a good initial estimate for the Newton-Raphson method.With the improved initial estimate,the sequential method can converge in fewer iterations.Consequently,the proposed approach allows for significant reduction in computing time and is able to meet the requirement of the real-time analysis platform for power system.The performance is verified on standard IEEE 300-bus system,extended large-scale systems,and a practical 11119-bus system in China. | Wei Feng Chen Yuan Qingxin Shi Renchang Dai Guangyi Liu Zhiwei Wang Fangxing Li | 2021 | Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy2021，9，2： | 2 |
| 14 | Consumer Psychology Based Optimal Portfolio Design for Demand Response Aggregators显示文摘Demand response(DR)has received much attention for its ability to balance the changing power supply and demand with flexibility.DR aggregators play an important role in aggregating flexible loads that are too small to participate in electricity markets.In this work,a DR operation framework is presented to enable local management of customers to participate in electricity market.A novel optimization model is proposed for the DR aggregator with multiple objectives.On one hand,it attempts to obtain the optimal design of different DR contracts as well as the portfolio management so that the DR aggregator can maximize its profit.On the other hand,the customers’welfare should be maximized to incentivize users to enroll in DR programs which ensure the effective and flexible load control.The consumer psychology is introduced to model the consumers’behavior during contract signing.Several simulation studies are performed to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed model.The results illustrate that the proposed model can ensure the profit of the DR aggregator whereas the customers’welfare is considered. | Yunwei Shen Yang Li Qiwei Zhang Fangxing Li Zhe Wang | 2021 | Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy2021，9，2： | 2 |
| 15 | DCOPF-based LMP simulation: algorithm, comparison with ACOPF, and sensitivity显示文摘 | Li Fangxing Bo Rui | 2007 | IEEE Transactions on Power Systems2007，22，4： | 1 |
| 16 | Distribution characteristics of soil organic carbon in Huitong as affected by different afforestation models for conversion of cropland to forestland[J]显示文摘 | ZHANGGB(张国斌) TIANDL(田大伦) FANGX(方晰) etal | | 中南林业科技大学报:自然科学版0，，： | 1 |
| 17 | Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin and dibenzofurans ( PCDD/Fs ), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) , and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) monitored by tree bark in an e-waste recycling area 显示文摘 | WEN Sheng YANG Fangxing LI Jingguang | 2009 | Chemusphere2009，74，7： | 1 |
| 18 | Influence of the Eastern Pacific and Central Pacific Types of ENSO on the South Asian Summer Monsoon显示文摘Based on observational and reanalysis data,the relationships between the eastern Pacific(EP)and central Pacific(CP)types of El Niño−Southern Oscillation(ENSO)during the developing summer and the South Asian summer monsoon(SASM)are examined.The roles of these two types of ENSO on the SASM experienced notable multidecadal modulation in the late 1970s.While the inverse relationship between the EP type of ENSO and the SASM has weakened dramatically,the CP type of ENSO plays a far more prominent role in producing anomalous Indian monsoon rainfall after the late 1970s.The drought-producing El Niño warming of both the EP and CP types can excite anomalous rising motion of the Walker circulation concentrated in the equatorial central Pacific around 160°W to the date line.Accordingly,compensatory subsidence anomalies are evident from the Maritime Continent to the Indian subcontinent,leading to suppressed convection and decreased precipitation over these regions.Moreover,anomalously less moisture flux into South Asia associated with developing EP El Niño and significant northwesterly anomalies dominating over southern India accompanied by developing CP El Niño,may also have been responsible for the Indian monsoon droughts during the pre-1979 and post-1979 sub-periods,respectively.El Niño events with the same“flavor”may not necessarily produce consistent Indian monsoon rainfall anomalies,while similar Indian monsoon droughts may be induced by different types of El Niño,implying high sensitivity of monsoonal precipitation to the detailed configuration of ENSO forcing imposed on the tropical Pacific. | Fangxing FAN Renping LIN Xianghui FANG Feng XUE Fei ZHENG Jiang ZHU | 2021 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2021，38，1： | 1 |
| 19 | How to lead foreign students into Traditional Chinese Medicine显示文摘Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is becoming much more international and widely accepted. More and more foreign students come to China's Mainland to study this great yet mysterious discipline. However, the current teaching methods are far from satisfaction. This paper analyzes some existing problems and contradictions present in the teaching practices and suggests some measures for improvement. | Lü Bin MA Fangxing | 2013 | Journal of Medical Colleges of PLA(China)2013，28，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Status of metal accumulation in farmland soils across China: From distribution to risk assessment显示文摘 | Lili Niu Fangxing Yang Chao Xu Huayun Yang Weiping Liu | 2013 | Environmental Pollution2013，，： | 1 |
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