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| 1 | 初级医疗排除肺栓塞:格式塔理论(Gestalt)和威尔斯规则(Wells Rule)的诊断表现对比显示文摘目的威尔斯规则等诊断预测模式可以安全排除疑似肺栓塞。然而,医生的自主可能性评估(格式塔理论)的利用也很常见。评估这两种方法在初级医疗中的诊断表现。方法家庭医生以0—100%的格式塔理论评分对肺栓塞的可能性进行评估,并计算转诊至二级医疗机构进行确诊的疑似肺栓塞患者598例的威尔斯评分。对比两种方法的识别能力(C统计量值)。之后,根据肺栓塞风险类别,将患者分层。对于格式塔理论,低于20%和D-二聚体试验阴性被视为低风险;对于威尔斯规则,4分及以下和D-二聚体试验阴性被视为低风险。对比灵敏度、特异度、有效率(在整个群组中的低风险患者比例)和失败率(被列入低风险的肺栓塞患者)。结果在随访3个月内,73例(12%)患者被确诊为静脉血栓栓塞(基线肺栓塞替代)。格式塔理论与威尔斯规则的C统计量值分别为0.77[95%CI(0.70,0.83)]和0.80[95%CI(0.75,0.86)]。通过格式塔理论识别的152例低风险患者中,有2例患者被遗漏,失败率为1.3%[95%CI(0.2%,4.7%)],有效率为25%[95%CI(22%,29%)];通过威尔斯规则识别的272例低风险患者中,有4例患者被遗漏,失败率为1.5%[95%CI(0.4%,3.7%)],有效率为45%[95%CI(41%,50%)]。结论在初级医疗中,结合D-二聚体试验,格式塔理论分数低于20%和威尔斯规则分数为4分及以下的患者可排除肺栓塞的可能。且威尔斯规则更加有效,可以排除更大比例的疑似患者。 | HENDRIKSEN J M LUCASSEN W A ERKENS P M 本刊编辑部 | 2016 | 中国全科医学2016，19，19： | 4 |
| 2 | SIBONICA——采用新型高离化混合PVD工艺HI3技术生成的抗氧化性能最佳的新一代刀具涂层显示文摘为满足现在及将来切削加工领域的各种挑战,技术和工艺专家们采用不同的沉积和表面处理技术,为切削刀具提供独特和量身定制的涂层方案。混合PVD工艺技术是一种为不同加工需求量身定制整体涂层解决方案的创新方法。'混合工艺'特指在同一台涂层装置中采用多种涂层工艺来生成层积颗粒。HI3(三重高离化)混合技术将HIPAC(高离化等离子体辅助涂层)技术与APA-Arc(先进等离子体辅助电弧)技术组合在一起。该技术将引领当今及未来高性能精密刀具及零件涂层的发展。本文重点描述了该沉积技术以及采用该技术生成的新型微合金混合涂层系列,如专利涂层SIBONICA((Al,Ti)N/SiBNC(O))。为了展现该涂层在加工特殊材料时的卓越性能,在高温条件下进行了抗氧化试验。切削加工特殊材料要求涂层刀具具有极高的热稳定性和抗氧化性,以及低的摩擦力,因此,首次切削试验对上述性能进行了重点关注。 | G. Erkens J. Vetter J. Müller Th. Krienke Sulzer Metaplas GmbH | 2013 | 工具技术2013，47，9： | 3 |
| 3 | Comparison of pre-treatment and post-treatment use of selenium in retinal ischemia reperfusion injury显示文摘AIM: To investigate the effects of selenium in rat retinal ischemia reperfusion(IR) model and compare pretreatment and post-treatment use.METHODS: Selenium pre-treatment group(n =8) was treated with intraperitoneal(i.p.) selenium 0.5 mg/kg for7 d and terminated 24 h after the IR injury. Selenium posttreatment group( n = 8) was treated with i. p. selenium0.5 mg/kg for 7d after the IR injury with termination at the end of the 7d period. Sham group(n =8) received i.p.saline injections identical to the selenium volume for 7d with termination 24 h after the IR injury. Control group(n =8) received no intervention. Main outcome measures were retina superoxide dismutase(SOD), glutathione(GSH),total antioxidant status(TAS), malondialdehyde(MDA),DNA fragmentation levels, and immunohistological apoptosis evaluation.RESULTS: Compared to the Sham group, selenium pre-treatment had a statistical difference in all parameters except SOD. Post-treatment selenium also resulted in statistical differences in all parameters except the MDA levels. When comparing selenium groups, the pre-treatment selenium group had a statistically higher success in reduction of markers of cell damage such as MDA and DNA fragmentation. In contrast, the post-selenium treatment group had resulted in statisticallyhigher levels of GSH. Histologically both selenium groups succeeded to limit retinal thickening and apoptosis. Pre-treatment use was statistically more successful in decreasing apoptosis in ganglion cell layer compared to post-treatment use.CONCLUSION: Selenium was successful in retinal protection in IR injuries. Pre-treatment efficacy was superior in terms of prevention of tissue damage and apoptosis. | Alper Yazici Hasan Aksit Esin Sogutlu Sari Arzu Yay Haydar Ali Erken Dilek Aksit Harun Cakmak Kamil Seyrek Sitki Samet Ermis | 2015 | International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)2015，8，2： | 3 |
| 4 | Immune responses on allograft heart transplantation in inbred rats infected with Echinococcosis multilocularis显示文摘 | Mai Hepiretihan.Ai Erken ZHAO Jin-ming GUAN Xiao-yan WEN Hao WANG Yun-hai | 2012 | Chinese Medical Journal2012，，24： | 2 |
| 5 | Peripartal feeding strategy with different n -6:n -3 ratios in sows:Effect on gene expression in backfat white adipose tissue postpartum 显示文摘 | Papadopoulos GA Erkens T Maes DG | 2009 | Br J Nutr2009，101，2： | 1 |
| 6 | Exercise and DHA prevent the negative effects of hypoxia on EEG and nerve conduction velocity显示文摘 | Erken HA Erken G Colak R | 2013 | High Alt Med Biol2013，14，4： | 1 |
| 7 | Genetic variation in the porcine Myogenin gene locus 显示文摘 | Soumillion A Erkens J H F Lenstra J A | 1997 | Mammalian Ge norne1997，8，8： | 1 |
| 8 | Irritable hip and Perthes' disease显示文摘 | Erken EH Katz K | 1990 | J Pardiatr Othop1990，10，3： | 1 |
| 9 | Visualization of Agreement and Discussion Processes During Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning显示文摘 | Jeroen Janssen Gijsbert Erkens Gellof Kanselaar | 2007 | Computers in Human Behavior2007，，23： | 1 |
| 10 | Safe ex- clusion of pulmonary embolism using the Wells rule and qualitative D-dimer testing in primary care: prospective cohort study 显示文摘 | Geersing GJ Erkens PM Lucassen WA | 2012 | BMJ2012，345，： | 1 |
| 11 | Genetic variation in the porcine myogenin gene locus 显示文摘 | Soumillion A Erkens J HF Lenstra J A | 1997 | Mammalian Genome1997，8，： | 1 |
| 12 | The significance of E266K polymorphism in the NOD1 gene on Helicobacter Pylori infection: an effective force on pathogenesis?显示文摘 | Banu Kara Hikmet Akkiz Figen Doran Suleyman Bayram Eren Erken Yuksel Gumurdullu Macit Sandikci | 2010 | Clinical and Experimental Medicine2010，，2： | 1 |
| 13 | Clinical decision rules for excluding pulmonary embolism: a meta-analysis显示文摘 | LUCASSEN W GEERSING GJ ERKENS PM | 2011 | Ann Intern Med2011，155，7： | 1 |
| 14 | Predictive value for progression to tuberculosis by IGRA and TST in immigrant contacts 显示文摘 | Kik SV Franken WP Mensen M Cobelens FG Kamphorst M Arend SM Erkens C Gebhard A Borgdorff MW Verver S | 2010 | Eur Respir J2010，35，6： | 1 |
| 15 | Safe exclusion of pulmonary embolism using the Wells rule and qualitative D-dimer testing in primary care:prospective cohort study显示文摘 | Geersing GJ Erkens PM Lucassen W | 2012 | BMJ2012，4，345： | 1 |
| 16 | Undrained behavior of clay under cyclic shear stresses显示文摘 | Ansal A Erken A | 1989 | Journal of Geotechnical Engineering1989，115，7： | 1 |
| 17 | Development of a new set of reference genes for normalization of real-time RT-PCR data of porcine backfat and longissimus dorsi muscle,and evaluation with PPARGC1A显示文摘 | Erkens T van Poucke M Vandesompele J | 2006 | BMC Biotechnol2006，6，41： | 1 |
| 18 | Lead chromates: A review of the state of the art in 2000 显示文摘 | Erkens L J H Hamers H Hermans R J M | 2001 | Surf Coat Int Part B: Coat Trans2001，84，： | 1 |
| 19 | 3D finite ele- ment model for asphalt concrete response simulation 显示文摘 | ERKENS S M J G LIU X SCAPAS A | 2002 | The International Journal of Geomeehanics2002，2，3： | 1 |
| 20 | Geneticvariation in the porcine myogenin gene locus 显示文摘 | SOUMILUON A ERKENS J H LENSTRA J A | 1997 | Mamm Genome1997，8，8： | 1 |
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