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| 1 | Management of acute nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding:Current policies and future perspectives显示文摘Acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding(UGIB) is a gastroenterological emergency with a mortality of 6%-13%.The vast majority of these bleeds are due to peptic ulcers.Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and Helicobacter pylori are the main risk factors for peptic ulcer disease.Endoscopy has become the mainstay for diagnosis and treatment of acute UGIB,and is recommended within 24 h of presentation.Proton pump inhibitor(PPI) administration before endoscopy can downstage the bleeding lesion and reduce the need for endoscopic therapy,but has no effect on rebleeding,mortality and need for surgery.Endoscopic therapy should be undertaken for ulcers with high-risk stigmata,to reduce the risk of rebleeding.This can be done with a variety of modalities.High-dose PPI administration after endoscopy can prevent rebleeding and reduce the need for further intervention and mortality,particularly in patients with high-risk stigmata. | Ingrid Lisanne Holster Ernst Johan Kuipers | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，11： | 53 |
| 2 | 近期博斯腾湖水位变化及其原因分析显示文摘新疆博斯腾湖 1987年以来湖泊水位的变化 (上升 )与主要补给河流开都河径流量的变化有直接关系 ,而这与发源于天山中段降水和高山冰雪融水的河流 ,受到气候变化影响很大有关 .全球变化研究结果显示 ,中亚干旱区是全球温度上升幅度较大的地区 .当地的气象资料表明 ,过去 2 0a年平均温度明显升高的趋势 ,对水资源储量和补给来源影响深远 . | 王润 Ernst Giese 高前兆 | 2003 | 冰川冻土2003，25，1： | 52 |
| 3 | 气候变化对塔里木河来自天山的地表径流影响显示文摘塔里木河水资源主要来自天山南坡两条源流,选择西段阿克苏河和中段开都河-孔雀河作为研究区.1956—2003年研究河源山区气温呈持续升温且降水波动增加的趋势,其中1995—2003年升温强劲,升温速率高出48 a期间平均的3倍以上;降水自1986年后持续增加,20世纪90年代较80年代增幅达18%,并显示出河源山区湿岛向塔里木盆地扩展.因高山缺少气象观测,出山径流过程变化可以综合反映中高山带的气候变化.塔里木河来自天山的地表径流在1986—2003年间持续增长,以冰川融水补给为主的库玛拉克河,1994年以来年径流量增加已在前期平均值基础上提升了一个台阶;开都河以降水径流补给为主,1986—2002年出现了观测记录以来的丰水期,并使1986年后博斯腾湖水位快速上升,恢复到1958年记录的最高水位以上.两河年径流变化趋势基本相似,但也显示有西、中段的气候变化局部差异,出现丰枯水期的不一致;然而,在近16 a升温过程中,年径流增长幅度和快慢相近. | 高前兆 王润 Ernst Giese | 2008 | 冰川冻土2008，30，1： | 35 |
| 4 | 流体包裹体激光拉曼光谱分析原理、方法、存在的问题及未来研究方向显示文摘国内外在流体包裹体激光拉曼光谱研究方面取得了大量的成果。本文回顾了流体包裹体激光拉曼光谱分析技术的发展历史,介绍了流体包裹体激光拉曼光谱技术定性和定量分析的原理和方法,指出了该技术存在的问题及未来研究方向。流体包裹体激光拉曼光谱分析主要受到样品、荧光、同位素、光化学反应、水溶性物质信号弱、气相水及水合物、子矿物等因素的影响。由于用来进行定量分析的拉曼散射截面参数明显受到压力影响,加上峰面积计算不规范化使得目前的流体包裹体激光拉曼光谱分析结果可靠性有待于重新审视。未来流体包裹体拉曼光谱分析技术应当在完善不同标准体系和标准物质光谱数据的基础上,针对不同类型包裹体采用采取不同条件,分析结果将在准确定性的基础上从相对定量向绝对定量发展。 | 陈勇 ERNST A.J.Burke | 2009 | 地质论评2009，55，6： | 34 |
| 5 | 超临界流体染色技术的过去、现在和将来(一)显示文摘介绍了超临界CO2 染色技术在世界范围的发展过程及其优于水染色的特点。阐述了超临界CO2 对纤维性能的影响 ,诸如润滑效果、CO2 吸附、结晶、收缩和热机械性能 ,超临界CO2 对纤维的玻璃化温度和有效温度以及对纤维损伤的影响。另一重要问题是在超临界CO2 中纤维与染料之间的平衡分布和影响染料溶解性的参数。文中给出了涤纶纤维的染色步骤、设备和最佳工艺参数 ,然而天然纤维的染色仍是一个问题。通过浸渍溶胀剂和交联剂 ,或在染色前对纤维改性、添加极性共溶剂 ,可以提高分散染料的染色性 ,所有这些方法增加了工艺步骤和设备清洗 ,若使用有机溶剂则将大大提高机器成本 ,采用活性分散染料可以避免这种情况。含乙烯砜基团的染料主要适宜于羊毛和聚酰胺纤维的超临界CO2染色 ,而对于纤维素纤维迄今尚未开发可行的解决方法。预计在不久的将来建造工业化规模的染色设备 ,努力实现超临界CO2 染色技术的经济效益。 | Elke Bach Ernst Cleve Eckhard Schollmeyer | 2003 | 印染2003，29，3： | 32 |
| 6 | Experimental study on dehydration melting of natural biotite-plagioclase gneiss from High Himalayas and implications for Himalayan crust anatexis显示文摘Here we present the results of dehydration melting, melt morphology and fluid migration based on the dehydration melting experiments on natural bio-tite-plagioclase gneiss performed at the pressure of 1.0-1.4 GPa, and at the temperature of 770-1028℃. Experimental results demonstrate that: (i) most of melt tends to be distributed along mineral boundaries forming 'melt film' even the amount of melt is less than 5 vol%; melt connectivity is controlled not only by melt topology but also by melt fraction; (ii) dehydration melting involves a series of subprocesses including subsoiidus dehydration reaction, fluid migration, vapor-present melting and vapor-absent melting; (iii) experiments produce peraluminous granitic melt whose composition is similar to that of High Himalayan leucogranites (HHLG) and the residual phase assemblage is Pl+Qz+ Gat+Bio+Opx±Cpx+IIm/Rut±Kfs and can be comparable with granulites observed in Himalayas. The experiments provide the evidence that biotite-plagioclase gneiss is one of | YANG Xiaosong JIN Zhenmin Ernst Huenges Frank R.Schilling Bernd Wunder | 2001 | Chinese Science Bulletin2001，46，10： | 27 |
| 7 | 德国钢渣特性及其在路面工程中的综合利用显示文摘德国在钢渣处理方面有不少可以借鉴的地方。通过深入实际对德国钢渣的调查研究,详细报道了德国钢渣的主要种类,获取方式及不同工艺处理下各钢渣的特性,并对德国钢渣的排放及其在路面工程中的综合利用情况进行阐述,最后展望我国在钢渣性能改善及综合利用方面的发展前景及今后的研究趋势。 | 赵青林 周明凯 Jochen STARK Ernst FREYBURG | 2006 | 公路2006，51，6： | 17 |
| 8 | Laparoscopic surgery:A qualified systematic review显示文摘AIM: To review current applications of the laparoscopic surgery while highlighting the standard procedures across different fields.METHODS: A comprehensive search was undertaken using the Pub Med Advanced Search Builder. A total of 321 articles were found in this search. The following criteria had to be met for the publication to be selected: Review article, randomized controlled trials, or metaanalyses discussing the subject of laparoscopic surgery. In addition, publications were hand-searched in the Cochrane database and the high-impact journals. A total of 82 of the findings were included according to matching the inclusion criteria. Overall, 403 full-text articles were reviewed. Of these, 218 were excluded due to not matching the inclusion criteria. RESULTS: A total of 185 relevant articles were identified matching the search criteria for an overview of the current literature on the laparoscopic surgery. Articles covered the period from the first laparoscopic application through its tremendous advancement over the last several years. Overall, the biggest advantage of the procedure has been minimizing trauma to the abdominal wall compared with open surgery. In the case of cholecystectomy, fundoplication, and adrenalectomy, the procedure has become the gold standard without being proven as a superior technique over the open surgery in randomized controlled trials. Faster recovery, reduced hospital stay, and a quicker return to normal activities are the most evident advantages of the laparoscopic surgery. Positive outcomes, efficiency, a lower rate of wound infections, and reduction in the perioperative morbidity of minimally invasive procedures have been shown in most indications. CONCLUSION: Improvements in surgical training and developments in instruments, imaging, and surgical techniques have greatly increased safety and feasibility of the laparoscopic surgical procedures. | Alexander Buia Florian Stockhausen Ernst Hanisch | 2015 | World Journal of Methodology2015，5，4： | 15 |
| 9 | The effect of adenovirus expressing wild-type p53 on 5-fluorouracil chemosensitivity is related to p53 status in pancreatic cancer cell lines显示文摘AIM: There are conflicting data about p53 function on cellular sensitivity to the cytotoxic action of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU).Therefore the objective of this study was to determine the combined effects of adenovirus-mediated wild-type (wt) p53 gene transfer and 5-FU chemotherapy on pancreatic cancer cells with different p53 gene status.METHODS: Human pancreatic cancer cell lines Capan-1^p53mut,Capan-2^p53wt, FAMPAC^p53mut, PANG1^p53mut, and rat pancreatic cancer cell lines AS^p53wt and DSL6A^p53null were used for in vitro studies. Following infection with different ratios of Adp53-particles (MOI) in combination with 5-FU, proliferation of tumor cells and apoptosis were quantified by cell proliferation assay (WST-1) and FACS (PI-staining). In addition, DSL6A syngeneic pancreatic tumor cells were inoculated subcutaneously in to Lewis rats for in vivostudies.Tumor size, apoptosis (TUNEL) and survival were determined.RESULTS: Ad-p53 gene transfer combined with 5-FU significantly inhibited tumor cell proliferation and substantially enhanced apoptosis in all four cell lines with an alteration in the p53 gene compared to those two cell lines containing wt-p53. In vivo experiments showed the most effective tumor regression in animals treated with Ad-p53 plus 5-FU. Both in vitroand in vivoanalyses revealed that a sublethal dose of Ad-p53 augmented the apoptotic response induced by 5-FU.CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that Ad-p53 may synergistically enhance 5-FU-chemosensitivity most strikingly in pancreatic cancer cells lacking p53 function. These findings illustrate that the anticancer efficacy of this combination treatment is dependent on the p53 gene status of the target tumor cells. | Sven Eisold Michael Linnebacher EduardRyschich DaliborAntolovic UlfHinz Ernst Klar Jan Schmidt | 2004 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2004，10，24： | 14 |
| 10 | Acupuncture for Pain:An Overview of Cochrane Reviews显示文摘Objective:Cochrane reviews have the reputation for being more transparent and rigorous than other reviews.The aim of this overview was to evaluate and summarize Cochrane reviews of acupuncture for the treatment of any type of pain.Methods:We searched the Cochrane Database and evaluated the Cochrane reviews that were concerned specifically with the effectiveness of acupuncture for pain.Data were extracted according to pre-defined inclusion criteria by two independent reviewers.Results:Eight Cochrane reviews were included.They were all of high methodological quality.They related to a wide range of pain syndromes.Four reviews concluded that acupuncture is effective for migraines,neck disorders,tensiontype headaches,and peripheral joint osteoarthritis;one review failed to demonstrate the effectiveness of acupuncture for rheumatoid arthritis;and three reviews were inconclusive for shoulder pain,lateral elbow pain,and low back pain.Conclusion:Several Cochrane reviews of acupuncture for a wide range of pain conditions have recently been published.All of these reviews were of high quality.Their results suggest that acupuncture is effective for some but not all types of pain. | Myeong Soo Lee Edzard Ernst | 2011 | Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine2011，17，2： | 12 |
| 11 | A concept for multiterawatt fibre lasers based on coherent pulse stacking in passive cavities显示文摘Since the advent of femtosecond lasers,performance improvements have constantly impacted on existing applications and enabled novel applications.However,one performance feature bearing the potential of a quantum leap for high-field applications is still not available:the simultaneous emission of extremely high peak and average powers.Emerging applications such as laser particle acceleration require exactly this performance regime and,therefore,challenge laser technology at large.On the one hand,canonical bulk systems can provide pulse peak powers in the multi-terawatt to petawatt range,while on the other hand,advanced solid-state-laser concepts such as the thin disk,slab or fibre are well known for their high efficiency and their ability to emit high average powers in the kilowatt range with excellent beam quality.In this contribution,a compact laser system capable of simultaneously providing high peak and average powers with high wall-plug efficiency is proposed and analysed.The concept is based on the temporal coherent combination(pulse stacking)of a pulse train emitted from a high-repetition-rate femtosecond laser system in a passive enhancement cavity.Thus,the pulse energy is increased at the cost of the repetition rate while almost preserving the average power.The concept relies on a fast switching element for dumping the enhanced pulse out of the cavity.The switch constitutes the key challenge of our proposal.Addressing this challenge could,for the first time,allow the highly efficient dumping of joule-class pulses at megawatt average power levels and lead to unprecedented laser parameters. | Sven Breitkopf Tino Eidam Arno Klenke Lorenz von Grafenstein Henning Carstens Simon Holzberger Ernst Fill Thomas Schreiber Ferenc Krausz Andreas Tunnermann Ioachim Pupeza Jens Limpert | 2014 | Light(Science & Applications)2014，3，1： | 11 |
| 12 | 人工智能经济学:对劳动世界的未来产生的影响显示文摘当前,基于人工智能技术进步的变革浪潮使人们更加担心失业和不平等将日益加剧。本文讨论了造成这些恐慌的基本原因,强调了人工智能的特殊性,并将以前的自动化和自动化浪潮与当前人工智能的广泛应用所带来的进步进行了比较。在全球范围内,包括发展中国家,人工智能的应用能够大幅度降低资本成本,激发生产力提高的潜力,进而为生产力的提高提供巨大的机会。同时,如果要广泛分享基于人工智能的技术进步带来的益处,就需要解决进一步加剧的不平等的风险。因此,技能政策的进一步完善是必要的,但仅靠技能政策解决上述风险是不够的。为此,需要创新数字经济监管形式,以防止市场的进一步集中,确保对数据和隐私提供适当的保护,通过整合使用利润共享、(数字)资本税、减少工作时间等政策措施使社会能够共享生产力增长的红利。本文认为,如果政策决策者和社会各方参与者能够将这些新技术的特性加以考虑的话,我们应当对人工智能带来的机遇和风险持有适度乐观的态度。 | Ekkehardt Ernst Rossana Merola Daniel Samaan | 2019 | 中国劳动2019，，11： | 11 |
| 13 | 瓦里关气相色谱法大气CO2和CH4在线观测数据处理分析显示文摘加强我国本底站温室气体数据资源的科学管理与共享,首先应保证观测全流程的标准化和规范化,确立数据处理和质量控制方法.我国青海瓦里关全球本底站自1994年开始了气相色谱-氢火焰离子化检测器法(GC-FID)大气CO2和CH4在线观测,本文详细讨论了该系统原始资料采集、数据信息合并、时间序列检查、观测员级质量控制和专家级质量控制等流程.利用局部近似回归法对大气CO2和CH4数据进行本底值筛分,获得CO2本底数据百分比约占有效数据的72%、CH4占44%.在线观测的CO2和CH4月平均浓度与同期瓶采样分析结果基本一致,相对偏差均在±0.5%以内.经流程化处理和质控的瓦里关大气CO2和CH4本底浓度变化资料已进入全球同化数据库(Globalview-CO2、Globalview-CH4),报送世界温室气体数据中心(WDCGG)并应用于世界气象组织(WMO)温室气体公报和联合国政府间气候变化专门委员会(IPCC)评估. | 张芳 周凌晞 刘立新 方双喜 姚波 许林 张晓春 Kenneth A. Masarie Thomas J.Conway Douglas E. J. Worthy Michele Ernst | 2010 | 环境科学2010，31，10： | 10 |
| 14 | 英国胃肠病学会关于胃癌风险患者的诊断和管理指南显示文摘胃癌预后较差,部分原因在于诊断较晚。胃癌的危险因素包括幽门螺杆菌(H.pylori,HP)感染和胃癌家族史,尤其是遗传性弥漫性胃癌和恶性贫血。胃癌发展的阶段包括慢性胃炎、胃黏膜萎缩(GA)、胃黏膜肠化生(GIM)和异型增生。胃癌早期发现和提高生存率的关键是在内镜检查前以非侵入性方式识别高危人群。然而,尽管生物标志物可能有助于检测慢性萎缩性胃炎,但尚无足够的证据支持其用于人群筛查。高质量内镜检查是胃癌早期发现的重要组成部分,图像增强内镜结合组织病理学活检是GA和GIM最佳的诊断方法,并能准确进行风险分层。按照悉尼标准从胃窦、角切迹、小弯和大弯进行活检,既能明确诊断,也能对胃癌进行风险分层。理想状态应当是在高质量内镜检查中对GA或GIM区域活检。英国属于低危地区,可根据需要接受常规诊断性胃镜检查,但没有足够证据支持筛查,对于广泛GA或GIM的患者,每3年检查内镜。对于胃异型增生和早期癌,只要满足标准,内镜下黏膜切除术或内镜黏膜下剥离术的治疗有效,成功率高,复发率低。 | Matthew Banks David Graham Marnix Jansen TakujiGotoda Sergio Coda Massimiliano di Pietro NoriyaUedo Pradeep Bhandari D Mark Pritchard Ernst J Kuipers Manuel Rodriguez-Justo Marco R Novelli KrishRagunath Neil Shepherd Mario Dinis-Ribeiro 乌雅罕(译) 张冬雪(译) 牛占岳(校) 刘鑫(校) 丁士刚(译/校) | 2020 | 中华胃肠内镜电子杂志2020，7，2： | 10 |
| 15 | 臭氧和好氧生物法处理污水处理厂出水的纳米过滤浓缩液显示文摘城市污水处理厂出水的纳米过滤浓缩液较难直接生物处理。臭氧氧化该浓缩液降低DOC的速度较慢,但是可以有效地破坏该浓缩液中含苯环和有色基团的大分子有机物,显著增加小分子有机物的相对含量,从而增大其可生化降解性能。研究发现臭氧的投量为52mg/L左右时,臭氧化改善该纳米过滤浓缩液的可生化降解性能的效果最佳。 | 蹇兴超 吴天宝 Mathias Ernst | 1998 | 中国环境科学1998，18，4： | 9 |
| 16 | 氩等离子体凝固在内镜下的临床应用显示文摘氩等离子体凝固(Argon plasma coagulation,APC)是一种特殊治疗措施.氩气电离后形成具有导电性的氩等离子体,等离子体传导高频电流所产生的热效应来达到止血和(或)凝固病变组织的目的. | Guenter Farin Alessandro Zambelli Paolo Botta Karl Ernst Crund 刘斌 | 2003 | 中华消化内镜杂志2003，20，5： | 9 |
| 17 | Evaluation of fully covered self-expanding metal stents in benign biliary strictures and bile leaks显示文摘AIM: To investigate the use of fully covered metal stents in benign biliary strictures (BBS) and bile leaks. METHODS: We studied 17 patients, at Harbor-UCLA Medical center (Los Angeles), with BBS (n=12) and bile leaks (n=5) from July 2007 to February 2012 that had received placement of fully covered self-expanding metal stents (FCSEMs). Fourteen patients had endoscopic placement of VIABIL (Conmed, Utica, New York, United States) stents and three had Wallflex (Boston Scientific, Mass) stents. FCSEMS were 8 mm or 10 mm in diameter and 4 cm to 10 cm in length. Patients were followed at regular intervals to evaluate for symptoms and liver function tests. FCSEMS were removed after 4 or more weeks. Resolution of BBS and leak was documented cholangiographically following stent removal. Stent patency can be defined as adequate bile and contrast flow from the stent and into the ampulla during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) without clinical signs and/or symptoms of biliary obstruction. Criterion for bile leak resolution at ERCP is defined as absence of contrast extravasation from the common bile duct, cystic duct remanent, or gall blad-der fossa. Rate of complications such as migration, and instent occlusion were recorded. Failure of endoscopic therapy was defined as persistent biliary stenosis or continuous biliary leakage after 12 mo of stent placement. RESULTS: All 17 patients underwent successful FC- SEMS placement and removal. Etiologies of BBS included: cholecystectomies (n=8), cholelithiasis (n=2), hepatic artery compression (n=1), pancreatitis (n=2), and Whipple procedure (n=1). All bile leaks occurred following cholecystectomy. The anatomic location of BBS varied: distal common bile duct (n=7), common hepatic duct (n=1), hepaticojejunal anastomosis (n=2), right intrahepatic duct (n=1), and choledochoduo-denal anastomatic junction (n=1). All bile leaks were found to be at the cystic duct. Twelve of 17 patients had failed prior stent placement or exchange. Resolution of the biliary strictures and bile leaks was achieved in 16 of 17 patients (94%). The overall median stent time was 63 d (range 27-251 d). The median stent time for the BBS group and bile leak group was 62 ± 58 d (range 27-199 d) and 92 ± 81 d (range 48-251 d), respectively. All 17 patients underwent successful FCSEMS removal. Long term follow-up was obtained for a median of 575 d (range 28-1435 d). Complications occurred in 5 of 17 patients (29%) and included: migration (n=2), stent clogging (n=1), cholangitis (n=1), and sepsis with hepatic abscess (n=1). CONCLUSION: Placement of fully covered self-expanding metal stents may be used in the management of benign biliary strictures and bile leaks with a low rate of complications. | David Lalezari Inder Singh Sofiya Reicher Viktor Ernst Eysselein | 2013 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2013，5，7： | 8 |
| 18 | Periodicities in the emplacement of large igneous provinces through the Phanerozoic:Relations to ocean chemistry and marine biodiversity evolution显示文摘Large igneous provinces(LIPs) are considered a relevant cause for mass extinctions of marine life throughout Earth’s history.Their flood basalts and associated intrusions can cause significant release of SO4 and CO2 and consequently,cause major environmental disruptions.Here,we reconstruct the long-term periodic pattern of UP emplacement and its impact on ocean chemistry and biodiversity fromδ34Ssulfate of the last 520 Ma under particular consideration of the preservation limits of UP records.A combination of cross-wavelet and other time-series analysis methods has been applied to quantify a potential chain of linkage between LIP emplacement periodicity,geochemical changes and the Phanerozoic marine genera record.We suggest a mantle plume cyclicity represented by LIP volumes(V) of V= -(350-770)×103 km3 sin(2πt/ 170 Ma)+(300-650)×103km3sin(2πt/64.5Ma + 2.3) for t=time in Ma.A shift from the 64.5 Ma to a weaker~28-35 Ma UP cyclicity during the Jurassic contributes together with probably independent changes in the marine sulfur cycle to less ocean anoxia,and a general stabilization of ocean chemistry and increasing marine biodiversity throughout the last~135 Ma.The UP cycle pattern is coherent with marine biodiversity fluctuations corresponding to a reduction of marine biodiversity of~120 genera/Ma at~600×103 km3 LIP eruption volume.The 62-65 Ma LIP cycle pattern as well as excursion inδ34Ssulfateand marine genera reduction suggest a not-yet identified found LIP event at~440-450 Ma. | Andreas Prokoph Hafida E1 Bilali Richard Ernst | 2013 | Geoscience Frontiers2013，4，3： | 8 |
| 19 | Nociception at the diabetic foot,an uncharted territory显示文摘The diabetic foot is characterised by painless foot ulceration and/or arthropathy;it is a typical complication of painless diabetic neuropathy.Neuropathy depletes the foot skin of intraepidermal nerve fibre endings of the afferent A-delta and C-fibres,which are mostly nociceptors and excitable by noxious stimuli only.However,some of them are cold or warm receptors whose functions in diabetic neuropathy have frequently been reported.Hence,it is well established by quantitative sensory testing that thermal detection thresholds at the foot skin increase during the course of painless diabetic neuropathy.Pain perception(nociception),by contrast,has rarely been studied.Recent pilot studies of pinprick pain at plantar digital skinfolds showed that the perception threshold was always above the upper limit of measurement of 512 m N(equivalent to 51.2 g) at the diabetic foot.However,deep pressure pain perception threshold at musculus abductor hallucis was beyond 1400 k Pa(equivalent to 14 kg;limit of measurement) only in every fifth case.These discrepancies of pain perception between forefoot and hindfoot,and between skin and muscle,demand further study.Measuring nociception at the feet in diabetes opens promising clinical perspectives.A critical nociception threshold may be quantified(probably corresponding to a critical number of intraepidermal nerve fibre endings),beyond which the individual risk of a diabetic foot rises appreciably.Staging of diabetic neuropathy according to nociception thresholds at the feet is highly desirable as guidance to an individualised injury prevention strategy. | Ernst A Chantelau | 2015 | World Journal of Diabetes2015，6，3： | 7 |
| 20 | 维生素D对心力衰竭患者全因死亡率的影响:4000U/d维生素D口服3年随机临床试验结果显示文摘循环25-羟基维生素D[25-hydroxyvitamin D,25(OH)D]〈75nmol/L与死亡率风险的非线性增加相关。这种低25(OH)D水平在心力衰竭患者中很常见。因此,Zittermann等进行研究检查口服维生素D补充剂能否降低晚期心力衰竭患者的死亡率。 | 刘莉 叶鹏 Zittermann A Ernst JB Prokop S Fuchs U Dreier J Kuhn J Knabbe C Birschmann I Schulz U Berthold HK Pilz S Gouni-Berthold I Gummert JF Dittrich M Brgermann J | 2017 | 中华高血压杂志2017，25，10： | 7 |
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