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| 1 | Some basic concepts and problems on the petrogenesis of intra-plate ocean island basalts显示文摘Basaltic magmatism that builds intra-plate ocean islands is often considered to be genetically associated with 'hotspots' or 'mantle plumes'. While there have been many discussions on why ocean island basalts (OIB) are geochemically highly enriched as an integral part of the mantle plume hypothesis, our current understanding on the origin of OIB source material remains unsatisfactory, and some prevailing ideas need revision. One of the most popular views states that OIB source material is recycled oceanic crust (ROC). Among many problems with the ROC model, the ocean crust is simply too depleted (e.g., [La/Sm]PM <1) to be source material for highly enriched (e.g., [La/Sm]PM >> 1) OIB. Another popular view states that the enriched component of OIB comes from recycled continental crust (RCC, i.e.; terrigenous sediments). While both CC and OIB are enriched in many incompatible elements (e.g., both have [La/Sm]PM >>1), the CC has characteristic enrichment in Pb and deletion in Nb, Ta, P and Ti. Such signature is too strong to be eliminated such that CC is unsuitable as source material for OIB. Plate tectonics and mantle circulation permit the presence of ROC and RCC materials in mantle source regions of basalts, but they must be volumetrically insignificant in contributing to basalt magmatism. The observation that OIB are not only enriched in incompatible elements, but also enriched in the progressively more incompatible elements indicates that the enriched component of OIB is of magmatic origin and most likely associated with low-degree melt metasomatism. H2O and CO2 rich incipient melt may form in the seismic low velocity zone (LVZ). This melt will rise because of buoyancy and concentrate into a melt rich layer atop the LVZ to metasomatize the growing lithosphere, forming the metasomatic vein lithologies. Erupted OIB melts may have three components: (1) fertile OIB source material from depth that is dominant, (2) the melt layer, and (3) assimilation of the metasomatic vein lithologies formed earlier in the growing/grown lithosphere. It is probable that the fertile source material from depth may be (or contain) recycled ancient metasomatized deep portions of oceanic lithosphere. In any attempt to explain the origin of mantle isotopic end-members as revealed from global OIB data, we must (1) remember our original assumptions that the primitive mantle (PM) soon after the core separation was compositionally uniform/homogeneous with the core playing a limited or no role in causing mantle isotopic heterogeneity; (2) not use OIB isotopes to conclude about the nature and compositions of ultimate source materials without understanding geochemical consequences of subduction zone metamorphism; and (3) ensure that models and hypotheses are consistent with the basic petrology and major/trace element geochemistry. | NIU Yaoling1,2,3 1 Department of Earth Sciences, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, UK 2 School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China 3 School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China | 2009 | Chinese Science Bulletin2009，54，22： | 23 |
| 2 | Editor's note显示文摘Robert (Bob) J. Stern is a Professor of Geosciences at the University of Texas at Dallas. He received a BSc in Geology with honors from the University of California at Davis in 1974, and a PhD in Earth Sciences from the University of California at San Diego (Scripps Institution of Oceanography) in 1979. He held a postdoctoral fellowship in the Department of Terrestrial Magnetism at the Carnegie Institution of | Yaoling Niu, Executive Editor, Department of Earth Sciences, Durham University, UK | 2007 | Chinese Science Bulletin2007，52，5： | 17 |
| 3 | Inorganic nanoparticles and the microbiome显示文摘 | Kunyu Qiu Phillip G. Durham Aaron C. Anselmo | 2018 | Nano Research2018，11，10： | 6 |
| 4 | Selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor sertraline inhibits bone healing in a calvarial defect model显示文摘Bone wound healing is a highly dynamic and precisely controlled process through which damaged bone undergoes repair and complete regeneration. External factors can alter this process, leading to delayed or failed bone wound healing. The findings of recent studies suggest that the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors(SSRIs) can reduce bone mass, precipitate osteoporotic fractures and increase the rate of dental implant failure. With 10% of Americans prescribed antidepressants, the potential of SSRIs to impair bone healing may adversely affect millions of patients' ability to heal after sustaining trauma. Here, we investigate the effect of the SSRI sertraline on bone healing through pre-treatment with(10 mg·kg^(-1) sertraline in drinking water, n = 26) or without(control, n = 30) SSRI followed by the creation of a 5-mm calvarial defect. Animals were randomized into three surgical groups:(a) empty/sham,(b) implanted with a DermaMatrix scaffold soak-loaded with sterile PBS or(c) DermaMatrix soak-loaded with542.5 ng BMP2. SSRI exposure continued until sacrifice in the exposed groups at 4 weeks after surgery. Sertraline exposure resulted in decreased bone healing with significant decreases in trabecular thickness, trabecular number and osteoclast dysfunction while significantly increasing mature collagen fiber formation. These findings indicate that sertraline exposure can impair bone wound healing through disruption of bone repair and regeneration while promoting or defaulting to scar formation within the defect site. | R.Nicole Howie Samuel Herberg Emily Durham Zachary Grey Grace Bennfors Mohammed Elsalanty Amanda C.LaRue William D.Hill James J.Cray | 2018 | International Journal of Oral Science2018，10，4： | 5 |
| 5 | Towards sustainable mining cities: what policies should be sought and experiences could be learnt for China?显示文摘This paper aims to explore interinks between population, resoures, environment anddevelopment of mining cities in China. The authors place emphasis on speeific policy stud of how tostep a sustainable rnining city based on the analysis of six components constituting the integrative andsystendc backdrop to mining city sustainability. The attempts are taken to make a deep comparisonbased on the studies in the five typical cities of Datong, Daqing, Panzhihua, Jinchang and Golmud ofChina, combining some experiences and theorehca thoughts from the Western countries. Therelationship between the resourees endoment, mining (in broader sense) and economic developmentis given based on the analysis of development of mineral resources and formahon of mining cities.Morcover, some changing characteristics and related issues of China’s mining cities on environmentand socio-econondc dimensions are considered. The last part of the paper focuses on the discussion ofrestructuring approach to the mining cities in China, some reflections and suggestions are put forward. | SHEN Lei, Ray Hudson(1. Centre for Resource Economy and Development, Commission for Integrated Survey of NaturalResources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China 2. Department of Geography,University of Durham, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK) | 1999 | Journal of Geographical Sciences1999，9，3： | 4 |
| 6 | Acute coronary syndromes: an old age problem显示文摘在老年的增加的人口将导致他们的更大的数字与急性冠的症候群(交流) 介绍。这在全球保健资源上有含意并且为基于证据的治疗要求更好的管理和选择。老比更年轻的交流是有更重要的治疗好处的一个高风险组。不过,在交流的相关不平等在乎的年龄被认出并且坚持。到某程度,在照顾的这差异被不正常、推迟的演讲的更高的频率在表示在老、不太诊断的心电图解释,加强在交流的延期诊断。在死亡风险在的评价下面由于为生理的脆弱,合作病态,认知 / 心理的缺陷和物理残疾的有限考虑老,由心病学专家和 randomised 的缺乏的更少的输入,指导管理在的控制试用数据老可以进一步使照顾的不平等惊讶。当这些不平等存在时,在那里仍然是一个实质的机会改进年龄相关交流结果。为特定的治疗和药政体的老病人的选择是未答复的。对 randomised 有成长需要,人口更代表性并且与合作病态先进年龄注册那些的控制试用数据。不利事件报导的缺乏,张贴冠的 angiography 例如肾的缺陷,在老进一步的限制风险利益决定。在老交流病人的照顾的实质的改进被要求并且应该被倡导。最终,这些改进是可能的导致更好的结果柱子交流。然而,在结果的改进不是无限的并且将由年龄相关的风险的非可修改的因素有限。 | Alexander D Simms Philip D Batin John Kurian Nigel Durham Christopher P Gale | 2012 | Journal of Geriatric Cardiology2012，9，2： | 3 |
| 7 | Transjugular intra - portal transplantation of Cryopreserved human hepatocytes in patients with acute liver failure显示文摘 | Bilir B Durham JD | 1996 | Hepatology1996，，： | 1 |
| 8 | Nasal airflow:resistance and sensation显示文摘 | Jones AS Willatt DJ Durham LM | 1989 | J Laryngol Otol1989，103，10： | 1 |
| 9 | Glucocorticoid regulation of surfactant-associated proteins in rabbit fetal lung in vivo显示文摘 | Durham PL Wohlford-Lenane CL Snyder JM | 1993 | Anat Rec1993，237，3： | 1 |
| 10 | Trade-off between plant growth and defense: A comparison of sagebrush populations 显示文摘 | MESSINA F J DURHAM S L | 2002 | Oecologia2002，131，1： | 1 |
| 11 | Gastrointestinal stromat tumors arising from the stomach: A report of three children显示文摘 | Durham MM Gow KW Shehata BM | 2004 | J Pediatr Surg2004，39，10： | 1 |
| 12 | Aircraft wake in- vestigation显示文摘 | Wade H Bailey Jr Thomas A Durham | 1981 | Journal of Aircraft1981，18，2： | 1 |
| 13 | The Dispositional Causes of Job Satisfaction:A core Evaluations Approach 显示文摘 | Judge T A Locke E A Durham C C | 1997 | Research in Organizational Behavior1997，，： | 1 |
| 14 | Optical-cell evidencefor superheated ice under gas-hydrate-forming Conditions显示文摘 | STERN L A DAVID L H DURHAM W B | 1998 | Journal of Physical Chemistry1998，102，： | 1 |
| 15 | N - acetylcysteine the prevention of radio contrast - induced nephropathy 显示文摘 | Fishbane S Durham J H Marzo K | 2004 | J Am Soc Nephrol2004，15，2： | 1 |
| 16 | Long-term clinical efficacy of grass-pollen immunotherapy显示文摘 | DURHAM S R WALKER S M VARGA E M | 1999 | N Engl J Med1999，34，1： | 1 |
| 17 | Closed-Form Solutions to Constrained Control Allocation Problem显示文摘 | Kenneth Bordignon Wayne Durham | 1995 | Journal of Guidance Control and Dynamics1995，18，5： | 1 |
| 18 | Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition with celecoxib enhances antitumor efficacy and reduces diarrhea side effect of CPT-11显示文摘 | Trifan O C Durham W F Salazar V S | 2002 | Cancer Res2002，62，20： | 1 |
| 19 | BSACI guidelines for the management of drug allergy 显示文摘 | Mirakian R Ewan PW Durham SR | 2010 | Clin Exp Allergy2010，40，5： | 1 |
| 20 | Long-term clinical effeacy of grass-pollen immunotherapy显示文摘 | DURHAM S R WALKER S M VARGA E M | 1999 | N Engl Med1999，341，： | 1 |
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