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| 1 | Digoxin:A systematic review in atrial fibrillation,congestive heart failure and post myocardial infarction显示文摘AIM: To review digoxin use in systolic congestive heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and after myocardial infarction. METHODS: A comprehensive Pub Med search was performed using the key words 'digoxin and congestive heart failure', 'digoxin and atrial fibrillation', 'digoxin, atrial fibrillation and systolic congestive heart failure', and 'digoxin and myocardial infarction'. Only articles written in English were included in this study. We retained studies originating from randomized controlled trials, registries and included at least 500 patients. The studies included patients with atrial fibrillation or heart failure or myocardial infarction and had a significant proportion of patients(at least 5%) on digoxin. A table reviewing the different hazard ratios was developed based on the articles selected. Our primary endpoint was the overall mortality in the patients on digoxin vs those without digoxin, among patients with atrial fibrillation and also among patients with atrial fibrillation and systolic heart failure. We reviewed the most recent international guidelines to discuss current recommendations.RESULTS: A total of 18 studies were found that evaluated digoxin and overall mortality in different clinical settings including systolic congestive heart failure and normal sinus rhythm(n = 5), atrial fibrillation with and without systolic congestive heart failure(n = 9), and myocardial infarction(n = 4). Overall, patients with systolic congestive heart failure with normal sinus rhythm, digoxin appears to have a neutral effect on mortality especially if close digoxin level monitoring is employed. However, most of the observational studies evaluating digoxin use in atrial fibrillation without systolic congestive heart failure showed an increase in overall mortality when taking digoxin. In the studies evaluated in this systematic review, the data among patients with atrial fibrillation and systolic congestive heart failure, as well as post myocardial infarction were more controversial. The extent to which discrepancies among studies are based on statistical methods is currently unclear, as these studies' findings are generated by retrospective analyses that employed different techniques to address confounding. CONCLUSION: Based on the potential risks and benefits, as well as the presence of alternative drugs, there is a limited role for digoxin in the management of patients with normal sinus rhythm and congestive heart failure. Based on the retrospective studies reviewed there is a growing volume of data showing increased mortality in those with only atrial fibrillation. The pro-per role of digoxin is, however, less certain in other subgroups of patients, such as those with both atrial fibrillation and systolic congestive heart failure or after a myocardial infarction. Further studies may provide helpful information for such subgroups of patients. | Sebastiano Virgadamo Richard Charnigo Yousef Darrat Gustavo Morales Claude S Elayi | 2015 | World Journal of Cardiology2015，7，11： | 4 |
| 2 | QT prolongation is associated with increased mortality in end stage liver disease显示文摘AIM To determine the prevalence of QT prolongation in a large series of end stage liver disease(ESLD) patients and its association to clinical variables and mortality.METHODS The QT interval was measured and corrected for heart rate for each patient,with a prolonged QT cutoff defined as QT > 450 ms for males and QT > 470 ms for females.Multiple clinical variables were evaluated including sex,age,serum sodium,international normalized ratio,creatinine,total bilirubin,beta-blocker use,Model for EndStage Liver Disease(MELD),MELD-Na,and etiology of liver disease. RESULTS Among 406 ESLD patients analyzed,207(51.0%) had QT prolongation. The only clinical variable associated with QT prolongation was male gender(OR = 3.04,95%CI:2.01-4.60,P < 0.001). During the study period,187patients(46.1%) died. QT prolongation was a significant independent predictor of mortality(OR = 1.69,95%CI:1.03-2.77,P = 0.039). In addition,mortality was also associated with viral etiology of ESLD,elevated MELD score and its components(P < 0.05 for all). No significant reversibility in the QT interval was seen after liver transplantation. CONCLUSION QT prolongation was commonly encountered in an ESLD population,especially in males,and served as a strong independent marker for increased mortality in ESLD patients. | Sun Moon Kim Bennet George Diego Alcivar-Franco Charles L Campbell Richard Charnigo Brian Delisle Jonathan Hundley Yousef Darrat Gustavo Morales Samy-Claude Elayi Alison L Bailey | 2017 | World Journal of Cardiology2017，9，4： | 3 |
| 3 | Mortality and morbidity in patients with atrial fibrillation and liver cirrhosis显示文摘BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation(AF)is the most common cardiac arrhythmia encountered in clinical practice.However,the outcomes associated with AF in hospitalized patients with liver cirrhosis are unknown.AIM To determine the outcomes of hospitalized patients with liver cirrhosis and AF.METHODS In this study,we examined morbidity and mortality of patients with concomitant AF and liver cirrhosis from the National Inpatient Sample database,the largest publicly available inpatient healthcare database in the United States.RESULTS A total of 696937 patients with liver cirrhosis were included,45745 of whom had concomitant AF(6.6%).Liver cirrhosis patients with AF had higher rates of inhospital mortality(12.6%vs 10.3%,P<0.001),clinical stroke(1.6%vs 1.1%,P<0.001),and acute kidney injury(28.2%vs 25.1%,P<0.001),and less gastrointestinal bleeding(4.4%vs 5.1%,P<0.001)and blood transfusion(22.5%vs 23.8%,P<0.001)compared with those who did not have the arrhythmia.In addition,they had a longer length of stay(8±10 d vs 7±8 d,P<0.001)and higher hospitalization costs(20720±33210$vs 16272±24166$,P<0.001).CONCLUSION In subjects with liver cirrhosis,AF is associated with higher rates of inpatient mortality,stroke,and acute kidney injury compared to those who do not have the cardiac arrhythmia. | Yousef H Darrat Aiman Smer Claude-Samy Elayi Gustavo X Morales Fahad Alqahtani Mohamad Alkhouli John Catanzaro Jignesh Shah Mohsin Salih | 2020 | World Journal of Cardiology2020，12，7： | 2 |
| 4 | Intraday trading volume and return volatility of the DJIA stocks: a note显示文摘 | DARRAT AF RAHMAN S ZHONG M | 2003 | Journal of Bank and Finance2003，27，： | 1 |
| 5 | Price dis- covery and volatility spillovers in index futures mar- ket: some evidence from Mexico显示文摘 | ZHONG M DARRAT A F OTERO R | 2004 | Journal of Banking and Finance2004，28，： | 1 |
| 6 | The Demand for Money in Some Major OPEC Members: Regression Estimates and Stability Results 显示文摘 | Darrat A | 1986 | Applied Economics1986，，18： | 1 |
| 7 | Auditory research involving antioxi- dants显示文摘 | Darrat I Ahmad N Seidman K | 2007 | Curt Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg2007，15，5： | 1 |
| 8 | Price discovery and volatility spillovers in index futures markets: some evi- dence from Mexico 显示文摘 | Zhong M Darrat A F Otero R | 2004 | Journal of Banking and Fi- nance2004，28，12： | 1 |
| 9 | Are Financial Deepening and Economic Causally Relat- ed? Another Look at the Evidence 显示文摘 | Darrat A | 1999 | International Economic Journal1999，13，： | 1 |
| 10 | Generation of Microparticles Using CO2 and CO2-Philic Antisolvents显示文摘 | Sarkari M Darrat I Knutson B L | 2000 | AIChE Journal2000，46，9： | 1 |
| 11 | On the real estate market efficiency显示文摘 | Darrat A F Glascock J L | 1993 | Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics1993，7，1： | 1 |
| 12 | Has futures trading activity caused stock price volatility 显示文摘 | Darrat A F Rahman S | 1995 | Journal of Futures Markets1995，15，5： | 1 |
| 13 | On the interrelationships among real, monetary, and financial variables显示文摘 | Dickens R N | 1999 | Applied Financial Economics1999，9，： | 1 |
| 14 | Price discovery and volatility spillovers in index futures markets:some evidence from mexico 显示文摘 | Maosen Zhong Darrat A F Rafael Otero | 2004 | Journal of Banking and Finance2004，，28： | 1 |
| 15 | Price Discovery and Volatility Spillovers in Index Futures Markets: Some Evidenee from Mexico 显示文摘 | Zhong M Darrat A F Otero R | 2004 | Soumal of Banking and Finance2004，，28： | 1 |
| 16 | Price discovery and volatility spillovers in index futures markets: Some evidence from Mexico显示文摘 | Zhong M Darrat A F Otero R | 2004 | Journal of Banking and Finance2004，28，： | 1 |
| 17 | Price discovery and volatility spillo- vers in index futures markets:Some evidence from Mexico 显示文摘 | Zhong M Darrat A F Otero R | 2004 | Journal of Banking and Finance2004，28，： | 1 |
| 18 | Real Estate Returns,Money and Fiscal Deficits; Is the Real Estate Market Efficient? 显示文摘 | Ali F Darrat John L Glascock | 1989 | The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics1989，2，3： | 1 |
| 19 | Price Discovery and Volatility Spillovers in Index Future Market:Some Evidence from Mexico显示文摘 | Zhong M Darrat A F Otero R | 2004 | Journal of Banking and Finance2004，28，12： | 1 |
| 20 | Price discovery and volatility spillovers in index futures markets: some evidence from Mexico显示文摘 | Zhong M Darrat A F Otero R | 2004 | Journal of Banking Finance2004，，28： | 1 |
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