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| 1 | Cholangiocarcinoma, gone without the Wnt?显示文摘Cholangiocarcinoma(CCA) is a relatively rare malignancy of the intra- or extra-hepatic bile ducts that is classified according to its anatomical localization as intrahepatic, perihilar or distal. Overall, CCA has a dismal prognosis due to typical presentation at an advanced irresectable stage, lack of effective non-surgical treatments, and a high rate of disease recurrence. CCA frequently arises on a background of chronic liver inflammation and cholestasis. Chronic inflammation is accompanied by enhanced cell turnover with generation of additional inflammatory stimuli, and a microenvironment rich in pro-inflammatory mediators and proliferative factors that enable accumulation of mutations, transformation and expansion of mutated cells. A recent study by Boulter et al implicates the Wnt signaling cascade in cholangiocarcinogenesis. Wnt ligands Wnt7 B and Wnt10 A were found to be highly overexpressed in human CCA tissue. Wnt7 B protein was present throughout the tumor stroma, and often co-localized with a subset of CD68+ macrophages. To address in a direct manner whether Wnt signaling is engaged in development of CCA, Boulter et al explored the Wnt signaling pathway in an experimental model that recapitulates the multi-stage progression of human CCA.Wnt ligands found to be elevated in human CCA were also upregulated during the course of CCA development following thioacetamide treatment. Wnt10 a increased during the(pre-cancerous) regenerative phase, while Wnt7 b induction paralleled tumor growth. Along with upregulation of target genes, the findings demonstrate that the canonical Wnt pathway is progressively activated during cholangio-carcinogenesis. Macrophage depletion,eliminating a major source of Wnt7 b, prevented activation of the canonical Wnt cascade, and resulted in reduced number and volume of tumors in this model. Moreover,specific inhibitors of the canonical Wnt pathway(ICG-001 and C-59) caused reduction of tumor area and number,in xenograft and thioacetamide models of CCA. The aggregated findings show that experimental, and presumably human CCA, is a Wnt-driven tumor. Modulation of Wnt signaling, alone or in combination with surgicalor chemotherapy approaches, holds promise in the management of this fatal malignancy. | Anne T R Noll Thorsten Cramer Steven W M Olde Damink Frank G Schaap | 2016 | World Journal of Hepatology2016,8,26: | 3 |
| 2 | Effects of modifier addition and temperature variation in SFE of polymeric materials显示文摘 | LOU X Janssen H G Cramers C A | 1996 | Journal of Chromatographic Science1996,34,6: | 1 |
| 3 | Displacement of Ca2+by Na+from the plasmalemms of root cells显示文摘 | Cramer G R Luchli André Polito V S | 1985 | Plant Physiol1985,79,1: | 1 |
| 4 | Displacement of Ca^2 + by Na^+ from the plasmalemma of root cells 显示文摘 | Cramer G R Lauchli A Polito V S | 1985 | Plant Physiol1985,79,: | 1 |
| 5 | Salinity-calciumn interactions on root growth and osmotic adjustment of two corn cultivars differing in salt tolerance显示文摘 | Cramer G R Abdel B R Seeman J R | 1990 | Joumal of Plant Nutrition1990,13,: | 1 |
| 6 | Experimental investigation of a flow driven by a combination of a rotating and a traveling mag- netic field 显示文摘 | Cramer A Pal J Gerbeth G | 2007 | Physics of Fluids2007,19,11: | 1 |
| 7 | Tissue-specific mRNA expression profiling in grape berry tissues显示文摘 | GRIMPLET J DELUC L G TILLETT R L WHEATLEY M D SCHLAUCH K A CRAMER G R CUSHMAN J C | 2007 | BMC Genomics2007,8,: | 1 |
| 8 | Eficacy and tolerability of gas? tric- retentive gabapentin for the treatment of postherpetic neural ? gia 显示文摘 | Irving G Jensen M Cramer M | 2009 | C lin J Pain2009,6,7: | 1 |
| 9 | Equilibrium mercury isotope fractionation between dissolved Hg (11) species and thiol-bound Hg显示文摘 | Wiederhold J G Cramer C J Daniel K | 2010 | Environmental Science & Technology2010,44,11: | 1 |
| 10 | Efficacy of vaccination at 4 and 6 weeks in the control of canine parvovirus显示文摘 | De Cramer K G Stylianides E van Vuuren M | 2011 | Vet Microbiol2011,149,12: | 1 |
| 11 | A functional MRI study of subjects recovered from hemiparetic stroke显示文摘 | Cramer SC Nelles G Benson RR | 1997 | Stroke1997,28,12: | 1 |
| 12 | Two-Restxxise-Time Model Based on CM2/INDO/S2 Electrostatic Potentials for the Dielectric Polarization Component of Solvatochromic Shifts on Vertical Excitation Energies显示文摘 | Li J Cramer C J Truhlar D G | 2000 | International Journal of Quantum Chemistry2000,77,: | 1 |
| 13 | Optimization of protein extraction and solubilization for mature grape berry' clusters显示文摘 | Vincent D M D Wheatley G R Cramer | 2006 | Electrophoresis2006,27,9: | 1 |
| 14 | Increased pelvic vein thrombi in cryptogenic stroke:Results of the Paradoxical Emboli from Large Veins in Ischemic Stroke (PELVIS) study显示文摘 | Cramer SC Rordorf G Maki JH | 2004 | Stroke2004,35,1: | 1 |
| 15 | Displacement of Ca^2+ by Na^+ from the plasmalemma of root cells显示文摘 | CRAMER G R LAUCHLI A POLITO V S | 1985 | Plant Physiology1985,79,: | 1 |
| 16 | Efficacy and tolerability of gastric-retentive gabapentin for the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia:results of a double-blind,randomized,placebo-controlled clinical trial显示文摘 | Irving G Jensen M Cramer M | 2009 | Clini J Pain2009,25,03: | 1 |
| 17 | Rsplacement of Ca2by Na+ fromthe plasinalemma of root cells显示文摘 | Cramer G R Lauchli A Polito V S | 1985 | Plant Physiology1985,79,: | 1 |
| 18 | A shadow-price frontier measurement of profit efficiency in Chinese agriculture 显示文摘 | WANG J CRAMER G L WAILES E | 1996 | American journal of agricultural economics1996,78,1: | 1 |
| 19 | The enable right vertricalar circulatory suport systom for bcating heast cornary artery bupase Groft surgery 显示文摘 | Gijs G Andre L Dekker Frederik H Vander-veen Keses B Prenger Audrey A Cramer S Jos G Davidshoshan I | 1999 | Ann Thorac Surg1999,68,: | 1 |
| 20 | Salt tolerance is not associated with the sodium accumulation of two maize hybrids 显示文摘 | Cramer G R | 1994 | Aust J Plant Physiol1994,21,: | 1 |