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| 1 | Effects of Extreme Air Temperature and Humidity on the Insecticidal Expression Level of Bt Cotton显示文摘The higher survival rates of Helicoverpa amigera larvae were usually observed after adverse climate which was related to extreme temperature(T) and relative humidity(RH) stresses in transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt) cotton.The unstable resistance of Bt cotton to bollworms has been correlated with the reduced expression of CryIAc δ-endotoxin.The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of combined temperature and relative humidity stresses on the leaf CryIAc insecticidal protein expression during critical developmental stages.The study was undertaken on two transgenic cotton cultivars that share same parental background,Sikang 1(a conventional cultivar) and Sikang 3(a hybrid cultivar),during the 2007 and 2008 growing seasons at the Yangzhou University Farm,Yangzhou,China.The study was arranged with two factors that consisted of temperature(two levels) and relative humidity(three levels).The six T/RH treatments were 37°C/95%,37°C/70%,37°C/50%,18°C/95%,18°C/70%,and 18°C/50%.In 2007,the six treatments were imposed to the plants at peak flowering stage for 24 h;in 2008,the six treatments were applied to the plants at peak square,peak flowering,and peak boll stages for 48 h.The results of the study indicated that the leaf insecticidal protein expression in CryIAc was significantly affected by extreme temperature only at peak flowering stage,and by both extreme temperature and relative humidity during boll filling stage.The greatest reductions were observed when the stresses were applied at peak boll stage.In 2008,after 48 h stress treatment,the leaf Bt endotoxin expression reduced by 25.9-36.7 and 23.6-40.5% at peak boll stage,but only by 14.9-26.5 and 12.8-24.0% at peak flowering stage for Sikang 1 and Sikang 3,respectively.The greatest reduction was found under the low temperature combined with low relative humidity condition for both years.It is believed that the temperature and relative humidity stresses may be attributed to the reduced efficacy of Bt cotton in growing conditions in China,where extreme temperatures often increase up to 35-40°C and/or decrease down to 15-20°C,and relative humidity may reach to 85-95% and/or reduce to 40-55% during the cotton growing season. | CHENYuan WEN Yu-jin CHEN Yuan John Tom Cothren ZHANG Xiang WANG Yong-hui WilliamA Payne CHEN De-hua | 2012 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2012，11，11： | 10 |
| 2 | Ethylene-inhibiting compound 1-MCP delays leaf senescence in cotton plants under abiotic stress conditions显示文摘Cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.) plants produce more ethylene when subjected to abiotic stresses, such as high temperatures and drought, which result in premature leaf senescence, reduced photosynthetic efficiency, and thus decreased yield. This study was conducted to test the hypothesis that the ethylene-inhibiting compound 1-methylcyclopropene(1-MCP) treatment of cotton plants can delay leaf senescence under high temperature, drought, and the aging process in controlled environmental conditions. Potted cotton plants were exposed to 1-MCP treatment at the early square stage of development. The protective effect of 1-MCP against membrane damage was found on older compared to younger leaves, indicating 1-MCP could lower the stress level caused by aging. Application of 1-MCP resulted in reduction of lipid peroxidation, membrane leakage, soluble sugar content, and increased chlorophyll content, in contrast to the untreated plants under heat stress, suggesting that 1-MCP treatment of cotton plants may also have the potential to reduce the effect of heat stress in terms of delayed senescence. Application of 1-MCP caused reductions of lipid peroxidation, membrane leakage, and soluble sugar content, together with increases in water use efficiency(WUE), water potential, chlorophyll content, and fluorescence quantum efficiency, compared to the untreated plants under drought, suggesting that 1-MCP treatment of cotton plants may also have the ability to reduce the level of stress under drought conditions. In conclusion, 1-MCP treatment of cotton should have the potential to delay senescence under heat and drought stress, and the aging process. Additionally, 1-MCP is more effective under stress than under non-stress conditions. | CHEN Yuan J T Cothren CHEN De-hua Amir M H Ibrahim Leonardo Lombardini | 2015 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2015，14，7： | 3 |
| 3 | Preperitonal pelvic pack- ing for hemodynamically unstable pelvic fractures:a paradigm shift 显示文摘 | Cothren CC Osborn PM Moore EE | 2007 | J Trauma2007，62，4： | 1 |
| 4 | 'Equilibrium Loan Contracts and Endogenous Growth in the Presence of Asymmetric Information'显示文摘 | Bose N R Cothren | 1996 | Journal of Monetary Economics1996，38，： | 1 |
| 5 | Emergency department resuscitative thoracotomy for nontorso injuries显示文摘 | Sheppard FR Cothren CC Moore EE | 2006 | Surgery2006，139，4： | 1 |
| 6 | Two steps requirdd for male pronucleus formation in the sea urchin egg显示文摘 | Cothren C C Poccia D L | 1993 | Exp Cell Res1993，205，： | 1 |
| 7 | Diagnostic implications of C-reactive protein显示文摘 | Zimmerman MA Selzman CH Cothren C | 2003 | Arch Surg2003，138，2： | 1 |
| 8 | Blunt vertebral artery injury leading to cervical fracture diagnosis 显示文摘 | Cothren CC Moore EE Zent RM | 2007 | J Tramna2007，62，1： | 1 |
| 9 | Pediatric blunt vertebral artery injury: case report and treatment plma显示文摘 | Brunworth LS Cothren CC Kimm GE | 2009 | J Pediatric Surg2009，44，3： | 1 |
| 10 | Remote sensing of biotic and abiotic stress for irrigation management of cotton显示文摘 | Falkenberg N R Picinni G Cothren J T | 2007 | Agricultural Water Management2007，87，： | 1 |
| 11 | Can we afford to do lapsrosopic appendectomy in an academic hospital? 显示文摘 | Cothren C C Moore E E Johnson J L | 2005 | Am J Surg2005，190，6： | 1 |
| 12 | Carotid artery stents for blunt cerehrovaseular injury:risks exceed benefits显示文摘 | Cothren CC Moore EE Ray CE Jr | 2005 | Arch Surg2005，140，5： | 1 |
| 13 | Risks factors for hepatic morbidity following nonoperative management显示文摘 | Kozar RA Moore FA Cothren CC | 2006 | Arch Surg2006，141，5： | 1 |
| 14 | Risk Factors for Hepatic Morbidity Following Nonoperative Management显示文摘 | Rosemary AK Frederick AM Clay Cothren | 2006 | Arch Surg2006，141，5： | 1 |
| 15 | Remote sensing of biotic and abiotic stress forirrigation management of cotton显示文摘 | FALKENBERG N R PICCINNI G COTHREN J T | 2007 | Agricultural Water Management2007，87，1： | 1 |
| 16 | Primary repair of civilian colon injuries is safe in the damage control scenario显示文摘 | Kashuk JL Cothren CC Moore EE | 2009 | Surgery2009，146，： | 1 |
| 17 | Risk factors for hepatic morbidity following nonoperative mamagement: multicenter study显示文摘 | Kozar RA Moore FA Cothren CC | 2006 | Arch Surg2006，141，5： | 1 |
| 18 | Epidemiology of urban trauma deaths: a comprehensive reassessment 10 years later 显示文摘 | Cothren CC Moore EE Hedegaard HB | 2007 | World J Surg2007，31，7： | 1 |
| 19 | A Model of Military Spending and Economic Growth显示文摘 | Richard Cothren | 2002 | Public Choice2002，110，2： | 1 |
| 20 | Blunt cerebrovascular injuries显示文摘 | Cothren CC Moore EE | 2005 | Clinics2005，60，6： | 1 |
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