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| 1 | Glutamine prevents oxidative stress in a model of mesenteric ischemia and reperfusion显示文摘AIM: To evaluate preventative effects of glutamine in an animal model of gut ischemia/reperfusion(I/R).METHODS: Male Wistar rats were housed in a controlled environment and allowed access to food and water ad libitum. Twenty male Wistar rats were divided into four experimental groups:(1) control group(control)- rats underwent exploratory laparotomy;(2) control + glutamine group(control-GLU)- rats were subjected to laparotomy and treated intraperitoneally with glutamine 24 and 48 h prior to surgery;(3) I/R group- rats were subjected to occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery for 30 min followed by 15 min of reperfusion; and(4) ischemia/reperfusion + glutamine group(G + I/R)- rats were treated intraperitoneally with glutamine 24 and 48 h before I/R. Local and systemic injuries were determined by evaluating intestinal and lung segments for oxidative stress using lipid peroxidation and the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD), interleukin-6(IL-6) and nuclear factor kappa beta(NFkB) after mesenteric I/R. RESULTS: Lipid peroxidation of the membrane was increased in the animals subjected to I/R(P < 0.05). However, the group that received glutamine 24 and 48 h before the I/R procedure showed levels of lipid peroxidation similar to the control groups(P < 0.05). The activity of the antioxidant enzyme SOD was decreased in the gut of animals subjected to I/R when compared with the control group of animals not subjected to I/R(P < 0.05). However, the group that received glutamine 24 and 48 h before I/R showed similar SOD activity to both control groups not subjected to I/R(P < 0.05). The mean area of NF-kB staining for each of the control groups was similar. The I/R group showed the largest area of staining for NF-kB. The G + I/R group had the second highest amount of staining, but the mean value was much lower than that of the I/R group(P < 0.05). For IL-6, control and control-GLU groups showed similar areas of staining. The I/R group contained the largest area of IL-6 staining, followed by the G + I/R animals; however, this area was significantly lower than that of the group that underwent I/R without glutamine(P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: These results demonstrate that pretreatment with glutamine prevents mucosal injury and improves gut and lung recovery after I/R injury in rats. | Gilmara Pandolfo Zabot Gustavo Franco Carvalhal Norma Possa Marroni Renata Minuzzo Hartmann Vinícius Duval da Silva Henrique Sarubbi Fillmann | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，32： | 7 |
| 2 | Glutamine prevents oxidative stress in a model of portal hypertension显示文摘AIM To evaluate the protective effects of glutamine in a model of portal hypertension(PH) induced by partial portal vein ligation(PPVL).METHODS Male Wistar rats were housed in a controlled environment and were allowed access to food and water ad libitum. Twenty-four male Wistar rats were divided into four experimental groups:(1) control group(SO)-rats underwent exploratory laparotomy;(2) control + glutamine group(SO + G)-rats were subjected to laparotomy and were treated intraperitoneally with glutamine;(3) portal hypertension group(PPVL)-rats were subjected to PPVL; and(4) PPVL + glutamine group(PPVL + G)-rats were treated intraperitoneally with glutamine for seven days. Local injuries were determined by evaluating intestinal segments for oxidative stress using lipid peroxidation and the activities of glutathione peroxidase(GPx), endothelial nitric oxide synthase(e NOS) and inducible nitric oxide synthase(i NOS) after PPVL.RESULTS Lipid peroxidation of the membrane was increased in the animals subjected to PH(P < 0.01). However, the group that received glutamine for seven days after the PPVL procedure showed levels of lipid peroxidation similar to those of the control groups(P > 0.05). The activity of the antioxidant enzyme GTx was decreased in the gut of animals subjected to PH compared with that in the control group of animals not subjected to PH(P < 0.01). However, the group that received glutamine for seven days after the PPVL showed similar GTx activity to both the control groups not subjected to PH(P > 0.05). At least 10 random, non-overlapping images of each histological slide with 200 × magnification(44 pixel = 1 μm) were captured. The sum means of all áreas, of each group were calculated. The mean areas of e NOS staining for both of the control groups were similar. The PPVL group showed the largest area of staining for e NOS. The PPVL + G group had the second highest amount of staining, but the mean value was much lower than that of the PPVL group(P < 0.01). For i NOS, the control(SO) and control + G(SO + G) groups showed similar areas of staining. The PPVL group contained the largest area of i NOS staining, followed by the PPVL + G group; however, this area was significantly smaller than that of the group that underwent PH without glutamine(P < 0.01).CONCLUSION Treatment with glutamine prevents gut mucosal injury after PH in rats. | Gilmara Pandolfo Zabot Gustavo Franco Carvalhal Norma Possa Marroni Francielli Licks Renata Minuzzo Hartmann Vinícius Duval da Silva Henrique Sarubbi Fillmann | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，25： | 3 |
| 3 | Overweitght and obesity related to activities in Po~:tuguese children, 7-9 years 显示文摘 | CARVALHAL MM PADEZ MC MOREIRA PA | 2007 | Eur J Public Health2007，17，1： | 1 |
| 4 | An efficient modal control strategy for the active vibration control of a truss structure显示文摘 | Carvalhal R Lopes V J Brennan M J | 2007 | Shock and Vibration2007，14，6： | 1 |
| 5 | Overweight and obesity related to activities in Portuguese children,7-9 years显示文摘 | Carvalhal MM Padez MC Moreira PA | 2007 | Eur J Public Health2007，17，1： | 1 |
| 6 | An LPV modeling and identification approach to leakage detection in high pressure natural gas transportation networks显示文摘 | Lopes S P Ramos J A Carvalhs J L | 2011 | IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology2011，19，1： | 1 |
| 7 | Tissue factor expression and angiogenesis in human protaste carcinoma显示文摘 | Abdulkadir SA Carvalhal GF Kaleem Z | 2000 | Hum Pathol2000，31，： | 1 |
| 8 | An open trial of reboxitine in HIV - seropositive outpatients with major depressive disorder显示文摘 | Carvalhal AS De - abreu PB Spode A | 2003 | Clin Psychiatry2003，64，4： | 1 |
| 9 | Overweight and obesity related to activities in Portuguese children, 7-9 years 显示文摘 | CARVALHAL M M PADEZ M C MOREIRA P A | 2007 | Eur J Public Health2007，17，1： | 1 |
| 10 | Tissue factor expression and angiogenesis in human prostate carcinoma显示文摘 | Abdulkadir SA Carvalhal GF Kaleem Z | 2000 | Hum Pathol2000，31，： | 1 |
| 11 | DIGITAL RECTAL EXAMINATION FOR DETECTING PROSTATE CANCER AT PROSTATE SPECIFIC ANTIGEN LEVELS OF 4 NG./ML. OR LESS显示文摘 | GUSTAVO F. CARVALHAL DEBORAH S. SMITH DOUGLAS E. MAGER CHRISTIAN RAMOS WILLIAM J. CATALONA | 1999 | The Journal of Urology1999，，3： | 1 |
| 12 | Retrospective comparison of radical retropubic prostatectomy and 125iodine brachytherapy for localized prostate cancer 显示文摘 | Ramos CG Carvalhal GF Smith DS | 1999 | J Urol1999，161，4： | 1 |
| 13 | Digital rectal examination for detecting prostate cancer at prostate specific antigen levels of 4ng/ml or less 显示文摘 | Carvalhal G F Smith D S Mager D E | 1999 | J Urol1999，161，3： | 1 |
| 14 | Overweightand obesity related to activities in Portuguese children,7-9years显示文摘 | CARVALHAL MM PADEZ MC MOREIRA PA | 2007 | Eur J Public Health2007，17，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Digital rectal examination for detecting prostate cancer at prostate specific antigen levels 4 ng·mL^-1 or less显示文摘 | Carvalhal G F Smith D S Mager D E | 1999 | J Urol1999，161，3： | 1 |
| 16 | Potency,continence and complication rates in 1,870 consec utive radical retropubic prostatectomies显示文摘 | Catalona WJ Carvalhal GF Mager DE | 1999 | The Journal of Urology1999，，02： | 1 |
| 17 | Overweight and obesity related to activities in Portuguese children, 7 - 9 years 显示文摘 | Carvalhal MM Padez MC Moreira PA | 2007 | Eur J Public Health2007，17，1： | 1 |
| 18 | Lowering PSA cutoffs to enhance detection of curable prostate cancer显示文摘 | Ramos CG Carvalhal GF | 2000 | Urology2000，55，6： | 1 |
| 19 | Metabolic shift of polyphos- phate-aceumulating organisms with different levels of polyphos-phate storage 显示文摘 | Acevedo B Oehmen A Carvalh G | 2012 | Water Research2012，46，6： | 1 |
| 20 | Digital rectal examination for detecting prostate cancer at prostate specific antigen levels of 4 ng/ml or less显示文摘 | Carvalhal GF Smith DS Mager DE | 1999 | J Urol 19991999，161，3： | 1 |
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